High-rise rigid structure residential system is different from traditional brick-concrete structure and concrete structure, and there are great differences between them. There are many tall steel structures with their own characteristics. Steel structure is the main load-bearing system in the building, combining wall structure and floor structure. As a supporting structure system, steel frame, together with the new steel structure seismic structure system and staggered frame structure system, constitutes the current frame structure, which is the most widely used building and residential construction project with steel structure supporting system. In building engineering, according to the height of the building, the construction method of steel structure is different from that of building materials. Generally, in steel structure construction, according to the principle of strong column and weak beam, different steel structure systems are selected, that is, strong joints and weak members. In the process of steel structure construction, it needs to be carefully studied and analyzed according to the actual construction situation.
1 Advantages of high-rise steel structure residence
1. 1 Excellent quality
Steel structure has the characteristics of light structure, good seismic performance, low cost and good stability. Steel structure has good ductility and plasticity. The steel structure is light in weight, convenient to transport and not easily influenced by external environmental factors.
1.2 is convenient for construction.
In the aspect of pipeline layout, it has strong flexibility, which is conducive to later reconstruction and maintenance. Compared with other structural materials, all kinds of materials can be recycled, which reduces construction waste and environmental pollution to a certain extent and effectively improves engineering benefits.
1.3 beautiful structure.
Steel structure buildings can get more space for use, which is beneficial to the effective design and utilization of indoor pattern. High-rise steel structure residence meets the requirements of modern architectural style, conforms to the aesthetic level of modern people in function and space, and has a more beautiful and full appearance.
1.4 has powerful energy-saving and environmental protection functions.
In high-rise steel structures, the commonly used materials are environmentally friendly, green and recyclable materials, which is beneficial to reduce the adverse impact on the environment during construction. After the buildings are demolished, steel can be recycled, reducing construction waste, which meets the requirements of sustainable development strategy.
1.5 application of high-rise steel structure technology
The main material of steel structure is usually customized directly in the factory with high precision. At the same time, on-site installation is helpful to realize the standardization and serialization of engineering models, reduce costs, improve engineering quality and realize the industrialization of construction industry development.
2 design principles of high-rise steel structure
High-rise steel structure is an important steel structure. The application of steel structure in residence needs to combine the characteristics of steel structure. Structural construction drawing design should fully consider the construction needs of various factors, and strictly follow the principle of "strong columns and weak beams" to protect the advantages of steel structure in high-rise residential buildings and maximize its role. For some difficult projects, the principle of axial compression ratio should be met in design, and as long as this quality is guaranteed, the requirements of the house can be met. Therefore, according to different principles, the residential design with different difficulties is carried out according to different principles. In the design and selection of frame beams, hot-rolled H-beams should be selected, and welding materials should be selected separately. In the construction process, to ensure the construction quality, it is necessary to reduce the amount of materials used in the construction process, avoid the waste of resources, reduce the construction cost and ensure the economic benefits of the project construction. There are many kinds of steel structures in high-rise buildings. These structures are made of concrete filled steel tubes, which have strong bearing capacity during construction. In addition, in the whole construction process, it is of great significance to improve the bearing capacity of single column and reduce the section size of steel column reasonably for optimizing the steel structure system.
3 High-rise steel structure construction technology system
There are many systems in the construction of high-rise steel residential buildings. In order to effectively implement the formwork and wall maintenance system, the appropriate structural system should be selected according to the actual situation of the project.
3. 1 introduction of structural system
High-rise steel structure high-rise buildings can be divided into pure frame, frame support, new lateral force resisting system and staggered frame structure system. (1) The main frame material of pure frame steel structure has the characteristics of clear stress, flexible layout, uneven distribution, good ductility, good seismic performance and standardized construction. (2) Frame support, the support system is more stable and economical, thus reaching the standard of the support system. (3) The new lateral force resisting system is suitable for all kinds of frame systems bearing large vertical loads, as well as steel frames and shear walls bearing large horizontal loads, which can meet the lateral force resisting requirements of different buildings. (4) The staggered-floor frame structure system has the same frame height and story height, and the staggered-floor layout is beneficial to the flexible layout of different units.
3.2 Introduction of Floor System
The high-rise steel structure adopts the cast-in-place form of ordinary floor system, and the bottom plate adopts lightweight concrete prestressed slab, floor slab and concrete composite floor slab. For the integral cast-in-place floor slab, the construction technology is the same as that of the ordinary structure, and the superimposed construction is more convenient. ① Analysis of cast-in-place concrete composite floor slab with profiled steel plate. Fixing the nail plate on the beam can play the role of permanent formwork and reduce the use of formwork connection. Considering the influence of formwork on frame beam comprehensively. ② Precast prestressed concrete composite slab is an integral floor slab which is effectively connected by precast prestressed concrete slabs.
3.3 Introduction of envelope structure
In high-rise residential buildings, external hanging and earth filling are the main retaining structures. In plug-in mode, lightweight wallboard is mainly used to maintain the structure formed in beam slab and floor slab. In filling construction technology, lightweight wallboard is the main application type. The main material types of external wall are ALC board, reinforced concrete wallboard and so on. The interior wall is mainly made of ALC lightweight materials. Strong seismic performance, excellent waterproof performance, excellent thermal insulation performance and high use value. In the shell system, attention should be paid to the application of waterproof measures.
3.4 Introduction of Connection Form
High-rise steel structure mainly includes stiffness, bolts, welding and so on. Bolt welding method has the advantages of short construction time, high speed and easy quality assurance. The main beam and the secondary beam are usually joined together by effective hinges and welding. Roofing system usually adopts the unification of roofing and ground materials, which can be used for waterproofing of color steel roofs. Color coated profiled steel sheet roofing system is common, and its main advantages are: no obvious nails on the roof, obvious waterproof effect, and adaptability to complex roof changes. The waterproof structure of the floor is fully considered by using profiled steel plates, and measures are taken to deal with the water leakage caused by insufficient waterproof plates. Secondly, in order to reduce overlap, long special-shaped steel plates can be used.
4 High-rise steel structure engineering application analysis
With the further development of China's modern construction industry, the overall scale of construction projects is constantly expanding, and the proportion of high-rise buildings is gradually increasing. The following are some typical high-rise steel structure engineering analysis: (1) A building complex consists of three 25-story steel structure houses, with a total construction area of 70000m2 during the project design. The foundation structure adopts steel frame concrete core tube, and the engineering construction adopts pressurized steel plate building. It is mainly to pour round steel pipes in concrete columns and carry out other projects, such as H-type high-frequency welded light steel structure of frame beams, to ensure the maximum stability of building structures. For buildings with partition walls and external wall structures, Yitong block with 200mm specification shall be adopted; In the architectural design wall, Yitong plot size is 150nm, and the whole building can meet the national thick fire resistance standard, which can be used for further treatment of super fire retardant coatings; (2) In the construction project, the total construction area of the project exceeds 150000m2. In another building structure group, the internal structure construction project adopts the floor independently developed by an iron and steel company, which has the advantages of thermal insulation and waterproof, effectively improving the overall performance of the building and achieving the purpose of engineering design.
5 conclusion
High-rise building is an important embodiment of urban development and a symbol of urban construction. In the construction of high-rise buildings, it is necessary to combine different types of construction technologies to change people's requirements for building functions and structures. High-rise building construction technology needs to gradually meet the innovation and improvement of construction technology at this stage. Strengthening the research of high-rise building construction technology, clarifying the construction characteristics and present situation of high-rise building, clarifying the technical points of high-rise building construction and improving the construction technology of high-rise building can strengthen the technical level of high-rise building construction, realize high-level construction, promote the safety and stability of high-rise building system and realize the economic and social benefits of high-rise building engineering.
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