Concept A two-wheeled or three-wheeled vehicle powered by a gasoline engine and controlled by a handlebar to steer the front wheels. Light and flexible, it travels quickly. It is widely used for patrolling, passenger and cargo transportation, etc., and is also used as sports equipment. [Edit this paragraph] Production and development Production: In 1885, German Gottlieb Daimler installed an engine into a frame machine, and the world's first motorcycle was born. Therefore, the motorcycle was invented by German Gottlieb Daimler in 1885. Motorcycling related to motorcycles is one of the military sports. A competitive sport using motorcycles as equipment. There are two types of vehicles: two-wheeled and three-wheeled. Each vehicle is divided into several grades according to the working capacity of the engine cylinder. According to the competition format, it can be divided into cross-country races, multi-day races, road races, track races and travel races. Rankings are judged based on driving speed or driving skills. Development history: 1. The history of motorcycles 1. Originated from motor (internal combustion engine) and Cycle engine. In 1884, the British Edward Butler added a power unit to the bicycle and made a tricycle using kerosene. Powerful drive. In 1885, Germany's "Father of the Automobile" Trib Daimler made a three-wheeled motorcycle driven by a single-cylinder wind-type gasoline engine. On August 29 of the same year, he obtained a patent for this invention. Therefore, Daimler is recognized by the world as the inventor of the motorcycle. Daimler's first motorcycle was powered by a four-stroke internal combustion engine. The cylinder working volume was 264 cubic centimeters. At 700 rpm, the power could reach 0.5 horsepower and the speed could reach 12 kilometers per hour. The car has a wooden structure, the rear wheel is belt driven, and there are auxiliary support wheels on both sides. In view of Daimler's irreplaceable historical position, the Judenburg branch of the German Engineers Association established a monument to him in Hutat Square in Kandy after his death. Because it was in this square that he drove his first motorcycle. 2. A brief history of the development of motorcycles. Since Germany's Zaimler invented and manufactured the world's first gasoline-powered motorcycle in 1885, the development of motorcycles has gone through great changes for more than 100 years. The original motorcycle, whose true shape is now in the Museum of Science and Technology in Munich, Germany, is the world's first motorcycle that the German Daimler obtained patent invention priority on August 29, 1885. Limited to more than 100 years ago, the gasoline engine at that time was still in a rudimentary state, and vehicle manufacturing at that time was still in the stage of horse-drawn carriage technology. There was a big difference in appearance, structure and performance between original motorcycles and modern motorcycles. The frame of the original motorcycle was made of wood. Judging from the wood grain, it was processed by carpenters. The wheels are also made of wood. The wheel is covered with a layer of iron. In the middle and lower part of the frame are several square wooden frames, on which the engine is placed. There are small support wheels on both sides of the wooden frame, which are used to prevent tipping when stationary. therefore. The car actually sits on all four wheels. The single-cylinder fan-cooled engine outputs power through a two-stage reduction transmission of belts and gears to drive the rear wheels forward. The seat is made into a saddle shape and covered with a layer of leather. Its engine cylinder working volume is 264mL and its maximum power is 0.37kW (700r/min), which is only 1/5 of a modern simple motorcycle. The speed is 12km per hour, not much faster than walking. Since there were no springs or other buffering devices at that time, this car was called a "bone-shaking car", as you can imagine. Driving through the stone streets of the 19th century was worse than an execution. Although the original motorcycle was so simple, motorcycles have been constantly changing and improving since then, and there have been hundreds of millions of modern motorcycles for more than 100 years. Complementing German motorcycles are American motorcycles, of which Harley-Davidson is world-famous. The first commercially available model produced by the American Harley Company in 1903 (the earliest commercial motorcycle in the United States). The engine cylinder working volume of the vehicle is 409mL, the power is 2.94kW, and it adopts a bicycle frame. Motorcycles are a product of the times and a model that embodies the level of science and technology at that time. That is, motorcycles at different stages embody the imprint of technological development in different eras. The reason why the original motorcycle was not practical was that the science and technology at that time could not meet the most basic parts needed for its normal operation, and they could only be placed in the laboratory.
From the 1890s to the early 20th century, early motorcycles adopted new inventions and technologies at the time, such as pneumatic rubber tires, ball bearings, clutches and transmissions, front suspension shock absorbers, spring seats, etc., making motorcycles more popular. Cars began to have practical value, were mass-produced in factories, and became commodities. This was the second generation of motorcycles, also known as commodity generation motorcycles. For example, in 1912, the X-8A single-cylinder motorcycle produced by the American Harley Company. At that time, the transmission and transmission system had not yet been solved. Instead, a belt was used to drive a large pulley attached to the rear wheel. The brake was applied by pulling the rear brake pad through the handle. At that time, the rear shock absorber problem was not solved. The front shock absorber had a simple ring-type shock absorber attached to the front fork. After the 1930s, with the continuous advancement of science and technology, motorcycle production adopted rear suspension anti-shock systems, mechanical ignition systems, drum mechanical brakes, chain drives, etc. Taking motorcycles to a new level, motorcycles gradually matured and were widely used in transportation, competition and military aspects. This is the third stage of motorcycles - the mature stage. In 1936, the American Harley Company was able to manufacture high-level motorcycles. The car uses a 1000mL, OHV, 27.93kW V-twin engine with a top speed of 150km/h. The development of motorcycles is like a layer of stairs, the further you go, the more advanced you become. The original motorcycle from 1885 is placed on the ground floor of the first floor. The second floor is the world's first production motorcycle. This is a German twin-cylinder four-stroke motorcycle in 1894. Only 1,000 units were produced. The third floor is the racing motorcycles that were popular in the 1930s. These motorcycles already have practical functions. The fourth floor contains modern luxury motorcycles from the 1970s onwards. The diagram not only shows the four stages of motorcycle development, but also configures the different attires of the vehicle drivers in the four stages. After the 1970s, motorcycle production adopted electronic ignition technology, electric start, disc brakes, streamlined body guards, etc., as well as exhaust gas purification technology, ABS anti-lock braking devices, etc. in the 1990s, making motorcycles It has become an advanced motor vehicle with beautiful appearance, superior performance, easy to use, fast and convenient, and has become one of the important symbols of contemporary earth civilization. In particular, large-displacement luxury motorcycles have transplanted the advanced technologies in today's automobiles to motorcycles, making motorcycles reach the state of perfection. The development of motorcycles has entered the fourth stage - the heyday stage. The history of motorcycles in various countries 1. The United States The United States is one of the earliest countries to manufacture motorcycles. Famous companies include Harley-Davidson and Indian. Harley-Davidson motorcycles have become an icon of a nostalgic era. In 1907, Harley-Davidson produced the first V-twin engine, which could provide twice the power of a motorcycle compared to a traditional single-cylinder engine. This style of engine has dominated the American motorcycle manufacturing history for more than 80 years. In the 1930s, Harley motorcycle sales topped the list in the United States; in the 1940s, they were challenged by British cars because they were lighter and faster; in the early 1960s, a large number of small-displacement Japanese motorcycles poured in The U.S. market; in 1969, the merger of Harley-Davidson and the American Machinery and Casting Company strengthened the capital and resource market; in the late 1980s, Harley-Davidson motorcycles were fully revitalized, and every motorcycle it produced was a guarantee of quality. The Indian Company is a lost star that once was so glorious. In 1899, engineer Oscar. Hyde built a motorized two-wheeler, starting the Indian Company's history of motorcycle manufacturing. For a period of time, Indian Company conquered buyers with its bright colors and excellent performance. After several changes of owners and some short-sighted investment behaviors, it was frustrated. In the 1950s, it ended its historical mission. 2. Japan Japan is undoubtedly the representative of modern industry in Asia, and the same is true in the motorcycle manufacturing industry. Honda, Suzuki, Yamaha, and Kawasaki are the four most famous motorcycle companies in Japan. The beginning of Japan's motorcycle manufacturing industry can be traced back to the beginning of this century, but it truly took shape after World War II. Due to the disaster of the war, Japan's finance fell into chaos, public transportation was disorderly, and the market was in urgent need of cheap and convenient personal transportation.
In this context, a number of companies emerged, such as Honda. Honda began exporting motorcycles overseas in 1959, followed by Suzuki, Yamaha, and Kawasaki. At that time, competition among the four major companies in the Japanese domestic market was fierce, which in turn prompted each company to work hard on the design, manufacturing and marketing of new models to quickly occupy the world market. And at that time the most successful British manufacturer in the world was treading water. By 1961, Honda had become the largest motorcycle production company in the world. Japanese motorcycles are characterized by beautiful appearance, comfortable driving, and very careful and thoughtful handling of some details, such as indicators, transmissions, electric starters, and overhead camshaft engines. They are all standard equipment on Japanese motorcycles, and even On a car with a displacement of 125ml, buyers will be pleasantly surprised. By 1969, with the CB750, Honda broke through the large motorcycle market that the British manufacturer had always insisted on, marking the arrival of the Japanese motorcycle era, and at the same time providing motorcycles with suitable configurations for the first-tier market. 3. Germany Germany is the birthplace of motorcycles, and the company we are most familiar with is BMW. When BMW was founded, it only produced aircraft engines, as evidenced by its famous blue and white propeller-shaped pattern. In 1921, BMW began to produce motorcycle twin-cylinder engines; in 1923, BMW aircraft designer Marcos. Frieze kicks off the production of complete motorcycles. The 500ml engine is installed in the frame, with the cylinders extending to both sides. This simple and efficient design is still in use today. BMW motorcycles are famous for their sophisticated manufacturing techniques and high prices. There is a market rule in the field of car sales. Whether a car is easy to sell can be determined by the German people's reaction to it. This rule also applies to the motorcycle market. BMW is world-renowned for its extraordinary quality, and its motorcycles are the trailblazing models used in ceremonial fleets of state guests in many countries. 4. China In August 1951, my country officially began to trial-produce and produce motorcycles on its own. The Beijing Automobile Manufacturing and Parts Factory No. 6 of the Chinese People's Liberation Army at that time completed the trial-production task of five heavy-duty military motorcycles, which were named Jinggangshan brand by the Central Military Commission. . The car can reach a maximum speed of 110 kilometers per hour. By 1953, the annual output of Jinggangshan brand two-wheeled motorcycles exceeded 1,000 units. The advent of Jinggangshan brand motorcycle marked a new era for my country's motorcycle industry. In the past 10 years, my country's motorcycle industry has developed faster. In terms of product output, the annual output has grown from 49,000 units in 1980 to 970,000 units in 1990, and to more than 10 million units today. my country has become the country with the largest motorcycle production in the world. It has become an important part of the automobile industry, a pillar industry of my country's national economy. The production and sales of China's motorcycle industry increased significantly in 2006, reaching a new record high. The cumulative production of motorcycles throughout the year was 21.4435 million units, an increase of 3.6763 million units from 17.7672 million units in the previous year, and a year-on-year increase of 20.69%; the cumulative sales were 21.2667 million units, an increase of 3.5217 million units from 17.7451 million units in the previous year, and a year-on-year increase of 19.85%. The comprehensive index of economic benefits has increased significantly, and strong production and sales have driven rapid growth in economic benefits. In 2006, the country's 105 motorcycle manufacturers achieved a cumulative main business income of 81.629 billion yuan, an increase of 1.559 billion yuan over the previous year, an increase of 11.008 billion yuan; a cumulative total profit of 2.475 billion yuan, an increase of 4.981 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 823 million yuan Yuan. After half a century of vicissitudes, China's motorcycle industry has formed a relatively complete production, development and marketing system, has a considerable number of independent intellectual property rights, and has a number of famous brand products covering the market. Especially since the reform and opening up, the motorcycle industry has risen rapidly. After a difficult journey of start-up, development, integration, reorganization, ups and downs, and hard work on the motorcycle industry front, China has now become one of the world's largest motorcycle producers. 5. The Road to the Future: After a century of ups and downs, motorcycles are developing in a newer, faster and safer direction. The modern motorcycle industry has introduced a large number of advanced technologies.
For example, the FLHRC-1 motorcycle launched by Harley-Davidson in 1998, the engine uses the world's top automotive engine technology - fuel injection device, which not only improves power, but also is more suitable for the environmental protection needs of contemporary society, becoming a 21st century motorcycle. the forerunner. The application of high-tech technologies such as optical communication electronic control systems, radar ranging automatic control systems, electronic map guidance systems, and sonic electronic muffling systems in some concept motorcycles has made modern motorcycles more perfect and shocking. . Of course, no matter how it changes, we can still see the shadow of the Daishi car a hundred years ago. Daimler should be deeply pleased with this. Introduction to motorcycles 1. Motorcycles Generally speaking, motorcycles are divided into street cars, road racing motorcycles, off-road motorcycles, cruisers, station wagons, etc. 2. Sports motorcycles Sports motorcycles are also called sports cars. The main idea of ??its design is for people to use for leisure and vacation. It is an interesting means of transportation and an amusement tool for experiencing the fun of life. Sports motorcycles include a very wide range. The super sports motorcycles and touring motorcycles introduced below all have the functions of sports motorcycles, so they can also be classified as sports motorcycles. 1. Road motorcycles. Motorcycles mainly used on paved roads are called road motorcycles. Road motorcycles can be divided into three major categories, namely super sports motorcycles, touring motorcycles and American motorcycles. Because this kind of motorcycle is mainly used on flat paved roads, it is also called urban motorcycle. The concept and scope of application of road motorcycles are also very unclear. In fact, it may be better to call them ordinary motorcycles. Structurally, road motorcycles are only suitable for paved roads. This kind of motorcycle can achieve the best performance on paved roads. On the contrary, many difficulties will arise when driving in roadless areas. Corresponding to this is cross-country motorcycles, which can also be divided into touring cross-country motorcycles and urban cross-country motorcycles according to the location of use. 2. Super sports motorcycles. Generally, motorcycles attach great importance to comfort and ease of operation when driving. Super sports motorcycles are different. They pay more attention to the high-speed driving performance of the motorcycle. Riding this kind of motorcycle, the rider can fully feel the thrill and fun of changes in the engine, tires and road surface. It is different from a racing car. It pursues a youthful and dynamic feeling when riding, rather than blindly pursuing high speed like a racing car. Without a certain high-speed performance guarantee, it is difficult for riders to experience this pleasure, so the speed of the motorcycle must be increased. But once the pleasure of riding can be produced, there is no need to increase the speed.