The achievement of this project belongs to the field of electric energy, and it is a new semi-dry flue gas purification technology with completely independent intellectual property rights, which can realize the efficient synergistic removal of SO2, nitrogen oxides, HCl, heavy metals and organic substances in the flue gas of power plant boilers.
By studying the internal law between the amount of humidified water, the number of stages, the drying time of wet absorbent and the intensity of physical and chemical absorption reaction, the technology of multi-stage humidification to optimally control the humidity of absorbent in the tower was invented. By studying the reaction, migration and control mechanism of pollutants, as well as the influence of oxidizing and hygroscopic additives on the physical and chemical absorption performance of absorbent, a multi-component high-activity composite absorbent with hygroscopicity and oxygenation was invented, which combined with multi-stage humidification to realize the synergistic removal of SO2, nitrogen oxides, HCl, heavy metals and organic substances. By studying the characteristics of gas-solid flow, heat transfer, separation and pneumatic reflux, as well as the collision and wear law between particles, a new multi-element integrated system was invented, which improved the adaptability of the system to boiler load and high sulfur coal and ensured the reliable and stable operation of the system. Finally, the semi-dry flue gas purification technology with completely independent intellectual property rights was formed, which can achieve the effect of "three highs, one more and one less" (high desulfurization rate, high fuel and high load adaptability, multi-pollutant removal, less water and water saving). The appraisal opinion holds that "the research results have reached the international advanced level, and some technologies have reached the international leading level".
The project won 6 invention patents, and successively won the China Patent Excellence Award, the first prize of Zhejiang Science and Technology Award, the national key new product award, the national torch plan project and the national key environmental protection practical technology (Class A) in 2008. The research results have been applied to more than 200MW and 1 100 power plants and thermal power plants with various capacities in more than ten provinces and cities such as Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui, Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, Tianjin, Guangdong, Shenzhen, Ningxia and Kunming. It is one of the most widely used flue gas purification technologies in China and has had an important impact at home and abroad.
◆ Integrated Technology of Clean Incineration and Power Generation of Domestic Waste in Circulating Fluidized Bed —— Second Prize of National Science and Technology Progress (2006)
The efficient and clean treatment of solid waste (such as municipal solid waste) not only meets the important strategic requirements of national sustainable development and energy saving and emission reduction, but also is one of the major scientific problems in the field of energy and environment. In 2005, the annual output of municipal solid waste in China was 65.438+0.56 billion tons, ranking second in the world. Because China municipal solid waste is a mixture with extremely complex shape, scale and properties, which is very different from conventional fossil fuels, the original classical theory and empirical model of fossil fuel pyrolysis combustion are difficult to be simply applied, and the application of disposal technology lacks strong theoretical support.
Based on the above understanding, this study aims at harmless and energy-saving garbage, and with the support of the National Natural Science Foundation (key project), the national key basic research and development plan, the national high-tech research and development plan and international cooperation projects, some important scientific problems existing in the process of efficient and clean heat treatment of domestic garbage in various provinces and cities are deeply studied. A series of innovative achievements have been made in the combustion of complex components and the generation and control of persistent organic pollutants. , and formed a complete integrated waste incineration technology with completely independent intellectual property rights, which has been applied to 1 1 domestic waste incineration power plants (25 incinerators) in large and medium-sized cities across the country, achieving a daily garbage disposal of 7550 tons, accounting for more than 20% of the domestic built waste incineration power plants. By 2007, the economic benefit has exceeded 2 billion yuan.
Research on Several Key Basic Problems of Gas-solid Two-phase Flow in Engineering —— Second Prize of National Natural Science Award (2005)
Because the factors affecting gas-solid two-phase flow are very complex, involving many related basic disciplines such as fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer, combustion, etc., the internal laws of gas-solid two-phase flow, especially the interaction between gas phase and particle phase in gas-solid two-phase turbulent motion, are far from being understood and recognized. Theoretical simulation and numerical experiments of two-phase complex reaction system in the process of clean energy utilization and efficient conversion were carried out earlier in this discipline.
With the continuous support of several national natural science foundation projects, this study systematically and deeply studied some key problems in the basic research of gas-solid two-phase flow, namely, the mechanism and mathematical model of particle-gas interaction in gas-solid two-phase turbulence, the strengthening mechanism of particle-wall interaction and heat transfer in gas-solid two-phase flow boundary layer, and the characteristics and influencing factors of gas-solid two-phase flow in fluidized bed.
On the basis of the above research, the basic application problems in combustion engineering, such as gas-solid two-phase flow, combustion, heat transfer, pollutant generation, ash accumulation and slagging, gas-solid two-phase separation, impact and wear of ash-containing airflow on heat exchanger tube bundles and anti-wear measures, are also deeply discussed and studied, which provides an important theoretical basis for solving practical engineering problems, and some research results have been applied in engineering.
Low NOx combustion and low-load stable combustion technology with adjustable pulverized coal concentration ―― The second prize of national scientific and technological progress in 2004.
Aiming at the main problems that seriously affect the safe and economic operation of boilers, such as high NOx emission, changeable coal types and large peak-valley difference in power grid, the technology of low NOx combustion with adjustable pulverized coal concentration and low load stable combustion for multi-coal low-load oil-free boilers was developed. Its popularization and application not only saves the consumption of scarce oil resources in China, but also contributes to environmental protection in China.
This technology has the characteristics of strong combustion stability, many adjustment methods, automatic alarm of nozzle overtemperature, first electric remote control, low emission of nitrogen oxides and so on. The bistable combustion, double adjustment, nozzle wall temperature alarm and electric remote control technology adopted are the first at home and abroad. This technology is innovative in improving the adaptability of boilers to coal types and loads. Its core technology has won two national invention patents and utility model patents, and its comprehensive performance is at the international advanced level.
This technology has been applied to more than 70 boilers in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Beijing and other places, and has established long-term cooperative relations with two boiler plants, reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides by 40,000 tons/year, with an economic benefit of about 654.38 billion yuan/year, with remarkable economic and social benefits. Through long-term and extensive application, it shows that this technology: the reformed boiler is stable in deoiling and ignition within the load range of 40~ 100%, and has strong adaptability to coal types and loads; The carbon content of fly ash decreases and the boiler efficiency increases. The emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 30%~50%, reaching about 400 mg/m3.
◆ Optimizing coal preparation, catalytic clean combustion and industrial application-second prize of national scientific and technological progress, 200 1.
On the basis of in-depth research on scientific issues such as catalytic combustion mechanism, sulfur fixation characteristics at high temperature, multiphase combustion fluid dynamics, ignition characteristics of various fuels, interaction between different components in coal, generation and degradation of pollutants at high temperature, and by comprehensively applying modern mathematical methods such as nonlinear optimization principle, artificial intelligence neural network, fuzzy mathematics and mixed variable optimization solution, an expert system for clean coal blending with multiple optimization is developed. Compared with the traditional linear programming model, the nonlinear optimization coal blending model based on neural network greatly reduces the coal blending cost. This achievement has solved a series of problems brought about by the variety of coal that has long plagued our country to the safe and economic operation of boilers. At the same time, it also solves the problem of efficient and clean utilization of coal and opens up a new way for comprehensive utilization of coal. According to the national appraisal opinion, "the undertaking unit put forward a new idea of spatial two-stage desulfurization technology such as premixed stratification and premixed powder injection for the first time, and made a breakthrough in the high-temperature desulfurization technology of layered combustion furnace; Using neural network and nonlinear optimization theory, the developed expert system for optimizing coal blending has been successfully applied to Hangzhou coal yard. The undertaking unit has carried out a lot of detailed basic research work and achieved a number of high-level research results. This special research has reached the domestic leading and international advanced level. "
Hangzhou has built a clean and optimized coal blending production line, blending 8 million tons of coal for power plants in Zhejiang Province every year, with an added output value of 65.438+0.5 billion yuan and profits and taxes of 65.438+0.8 billion yuan.
◆ Circulating suspension multi-stage humidification semi-dry flue gas purification technology-the first prize of Zhejiang Science and Technology Award (2006)
The achievement of this project belongs to the field of electric energy, and it is a new semi-dry flue gas purification technology with completely independent intellectual property rights, which can realize the efficient synergistic removal of SO2, nitrogen oxides, HCl, heavy metals and organic substances in the flue gas of power plant boilers.
By studying the internal laws between the amount of humidified water, the number of stages, the drying time of wet absorbent and the intensity of physical and chemical absorption reaction, the technology of multi-stage humidification to optimally control the humidity of absorbent in the tower is put forward. By studying the reaction, migration and control mechanism of pollutants and the influence of oxidizing and hygroscopic additives on the physical and chemical absorption performance of absorbent, a multi-component high-activity composite absorbent with hygroscopicity and oxygenation was proposed, which combined with multi-stage humidification to realize the synergistic removal of SO2, nitrogen oxides, HCl, heavy metals and organic substances. By studying the characteristics of gas-solid flow, heat transfer, separation and pneumatic feedback, as well as the collision and corrosion law between particles, a new multi-element integrated system is proposed to improve the adaptability of the system to boiler load and high sulfur coal and ensure the reliable and stable operation of the system. Finally, the circulating suspension multi-stage humidification semi-dry flue gas purification technology suitable for China's national conditions was formed. A "research achievement has reached the international advanced level, and some technologies have reached the international leading level".
The project has obtained 6 invention patents, and successively won the China Patent Excellence Award, the National Key New Product Award, the National Torch Program Project and the 2008 National Key Environmental Protection Practical Technology (Class A). The research results have been popularized in 77 200MW and 135MW power plants and thermal power plants in more than ten provinces and cities in China, such as Zhejiang, Shanxi and Hebei. In recent three years, the accumulated sales contract amount reached 669.78 million yuan.
◆ Clean combustion technology of replacing oil with coal water slurry and its industrial application —— the first prize of Zhejiang Science and Technology Progress Award (2007)
In view of the increasing demand for oil in China and the widening gap between supply and demand, it is imperative to seek effective, clean and cheap alternative fuels and develop and apply clean energy. Therefore, developing coal-water slurry fuel instead of fuel oil is a strategic choice for the long-term and stable development of energy in China.
Coal water slurry (CWS) is a new type of low-pollution fuel replacing oil, which consists of 65%~75% pulverized coal, 30%~35% water and a small amount of additives. It can be stored, transported and atomized like oil. Zhejiang University is the first to study the combustion technology of coal water slurry instead of oil in China. Through years of basic research and technical development, the theory, technology and supporting technology of clean combustion of coal water slurry instead of oil with completely independent intellectual property rights have been formed. The combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency of utility boilers can reach above 99% and 9 1%, and industrial boilers can reach above 97% and 85%. The research results have been widely used in more than 70 boilers and kilns, including the world's largest 670t/h coal-water slurry boiler and the largest 8t/h coal-water slurry nozzle. The first application of most types of boilers in China was completed by Zhejiang University, and many technical indicators or application examples were internationally leading or pioneering. The technical achievements have been or are being exported to Italy, Russia, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and other countries, maintaining the international leading level.
◆ Coal Water Slurry Dense Bed Agglomeration Combustion Technology-Second Prize of National Technological Invention Award 1997
On the basis of a great deal of research on the mechanism of coal water slurry, such as special waste coal slurry, which is produced in coal production, scientific problems such as transportation of different materials, complex fluidization systems with different specific gravity, combustion and gasification reaction of various complex components, and complex reaction mechanism of pollutants have been solved, and a dense bed agglomeration combustion technology of coal water slurry with independent intellectual property rights has been put forward. The basic idea of this technology is agglomeration combustion and fluidized bed operation with different specific gravity, that is, using agglomeration characteristics, small coal slime below 0.5mm can be fully burned in the furnace to achieve high combustion efficiency, while large coal slime lumps and bed materials with particle sizes several times different are evenly distributed in the bed to ensure stable operation, which has reached the leading domestic and international advanced levels in efficient clean incineration and pollution control.
The research results have been widely used in coal-washing sludge combustion power generation in China, and all the coal-washing sludge combustion power generation boilers that have been put into operation in China have adopted this technical invention. The research results have had an important impact on the world. This technology has been exported to Switzerland, the United States, South Korea and other countries in different ways.