I) recovery rate of chemical products
The recovery index of dry coal by chemical recovery products refers to how many chemical products can be recovered per ton of dry coal in coking production. The recovery rate is expressed as a percentage and calculated according to different products:
Coal tar recovery rate (%) = coal tar output (anhydrous) (ton) × 100%
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Recovery rate of ammonium sulfate (%) = output of ammonium sulfate (ton) × 100%
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Recovery rate of ammonium sulfate (%) = output of ammonium sulfate (nitrogen content 100%) (ton) × 100%.
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Recovery rate of concentrated ammonia (%) = output of concentrated ammonia (converted into nitrogen 100%) (ton) × 100%.
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Crude benzene recovery rate = crude benzene output (180℃ fraction) (ton) × 100%.
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Recovery rate of light benzene (%) = output of light benzene (ton) × 100%
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Recovery rate of heavy benzene (%) = output of heavy benzene (distilled before 200℃) (ton) × 100%.
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Recovery rate of crude light pyridine (%) = output of crude light pyridine (containing pyridine 100%) (ton) 100%.
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Recovery rate of crude sodium phenolate (%) = output of crude sodium phenolate (including phenol 100%) (ton) × 100%.
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Urea recovery rate (%) = urea output (converted into nitrogen 100%, dry basis) (ton) × 100%.
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Anhydrous ammonia recovery rate (%) = anhydrous ammonia production (converted into nitrogen 100%) (ton) × 100%.
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Coke oven gas output (Ji Jiao/ton) = coke oven gas output (Ji Jiao)
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Coke oven gas output (m3/ ton) = coke oven gas output? SUP & gt3)
Coke oven with dry coal (ton)
Calculation instructions: the gas output per ton of dry coal should be calculated in thermal units: when expressed in unit of volume, it should be converted into standard gas (4280
×4. 1868× kJ/m3)。
(II) Recovery rate of benzene refined products
The recovery rate of benzene refined products refers to the percentage of the total output of various benzene refined products to the processing capacity of raw materials (crude benzene or light benzene). The recovery rate of benzene refined products is calculated according to the total recovery rate and the recovery rate of different products respectively. Its calculation formula is: "
Total recovery rate of benzene refined products (%) = total output of benzene refined products (ton) × 100%.
Quantity of raw materials processed (ton)
Coking benzene recovery rate (%) = coking benzene output (ton) × 100%
Quantity of raw materials processed (ton)
Coking toluene recovery rate (%) = coking toluene output (ton) × 100%
Quantity of raw materials processed (ton)
Coking xylene recovery rate (%) = coking xylene output (ton) × 100%.
Quantity of raw materials processed (ton)
Calculation description:
(1) Total output of benzene refined products = 10 kinds of coking benzene solvent oil, 10 kinds of coking toluene, 10 kinds of coking xylene and 12 kinds of methyl residue.
(2) Total amount of raw material processing = total amount of raw materials transferred in this period, amount of intermediate products at the beginning and end of the period × conversion factor (converting intermediate products into raw materials).
The conversion factor is: mixed score multiplied by1/0.98; Wash the mixed components, and blow out benzene, benzene residual oil and toluene residual oil multiplied by 1/0.96 respectively. If the fluctuation is not large, it may not be converted.
(3) Raw materials for treatment include light benzene, heavy benzene, crude benzene, light oil, etc.
(3) Recovery rate of tar refined products
The recovery rate of refined tar products refers to the percentage of refined tar products in the processing capacity of raw oil. Tar refined products refer to products that have been processed once, excluding products that have been refined again. According to the total recovery rate and different products, the recovery rate of tar refined products is calculated respectively. Its calculation formula is:
Total recovery rate of refined tar products = total amount of refined tar products (ton) × 100%.
Total amount of treated (anhydrous) tar (ton)
The calculation shows that the crude phenol and heavy pyridine in the refined tar products are pure, and the light oil is distilled before 180℃. For intermediate products, if the quantity fluctuates little, you can not participate in the parent calculation. The parent item should include the difference in tar content between the consumption of WIP at the end of the period and at the beginning of the period.
Crude phenol recovery rate (%) = total crude phenol (converted into phenol 100%) (ton) × 100%.
Total amount of treated (anhydrous) tar (ton)
Calculation instructions: If the crude phenol contains acid salt in the recycling workshop, this sub-item shall be deducted, and its phenol content is 100% phenol content ×0.
90; ......& gt& gt
How to calculate the carbon recovery rate of dust containing 36% and 22% iron?
By introducing the waste recycling production lines of some European steel mills, it is found that they do not pile up the waste, but recycle it. Dust and sludge from sintering plants, blast furnaces, foundries, steel mills and electric arc furnaces, together with binders (and sometimes reducing agents), can be recycled at high temperature after treatment. Most of these wastes are difficult to treat and have high mechanical, chemical and physical properties.
The raw material preparation process is always underestimated. In fact, it largely determines the success of the production process. The core work of raw material preparation is the mixing of raw materials.
The application of counter-current powerful mixer in each process proves that it can achieve excellent mixing effect and ensure the stability and other required properties of intermediate products (mixtures). Ailixu mixer has wear-resistant and self-cleaning functions and strong adaptability, so it can treat wastes with various properties which are quite different from ordinary raw materials.
How to calculate the processing cost of concentrator
It consists of electricity consumption, material consumption and wages of workshop workers, as shown in the following figure.
1000t fluorite concentrator cost forecast
The daily processing capacity of raw fluorite ore is1000t, and the grade of raw fluorite ore is 40 degrees. According to the actual recovery rate of 80%, the product fluorite concentrate 1000× 0.4× 0.8 = 320 tons/day. According to the design of crushing one production line and ball milling flotation two production lines, the workshop production cost is calculated.
I. Equipment and power supply
serial number
device name
Specifications and models
Unit (unit)
amount
(Taiwan Province)
Power/unit
(kW)
Combination plan
(kW)
1
Electric vibrating feeder
DZG 1225
platform
1
four
four
2
Jaw crusher
PE500×50
platform
1
55
55
three
Conical crusher
PYZ- 120/ 1 15
platform
1
1 10
1 10
four
band conveyor
TD75
set up
2
15
30
five
vibrating screen
ZD 1530
platform
1
5.5
5.5
six
Iron separator
RCDB-8
platform
2
seven
lubricant
set up
1
7.5
7.5
eight
Swing feeder
600×600
platform
2
1.5
three
store
feed belt
TD75
set up
2
7.5
15
10
ball mill
ZTMG2400×3000
platform
2
280
560
1 1
sorting machine
FG-2400
platform
1
15
30
12
Mud stirring tank
φ2000×2000
platform
four
1 1
Forty-four
13
flotation machine
SF-4
platform
64
15
960
14
Mud pump (sand pump)
2PSC
platform
four
1 1
Forty-four
15
seed powder of Gorgon euryale
NZ- 15
platform
1
7.5
7.5
16
Drum filter
20㎡
platform
2
45
90
17
Drug stirring tank
φ 1500× 1500
platform
four
5.5
22
18
Quantitative dosing machine
platform
three
1.5
4.5
19
dryer
2× 20m
set up
1
60
60
20
bridge crane
5 tons
set up
four
five
20
2 1
boiler
8-ton gas stove
set up
1
60
60
22
water pump
platform
2
75
150
23
Laboratory equipment
set up
1
20
20
24
Machine maintenance equipment
set up
1
20
20
2322
Second, the power consumption
The total power of the workshop is 2322KW, and the daily electricity consumption is 2,322× 0.8× 0.7× 24 = 31.207.68 Yuan, based on the effective power of 80% and the unit price of 0.7 yuan/kWh. 97.5 yuan per ton.
Third, material consumption.
1, steel ball: 900 kg per day, 5 yuan 4500 yuan per kg.
2. Mineral processing agent: oleic acid 300kg/ day×15/kg = 4,500 yuan/day. 24 packs of soda ash/day× 40kg× 2.0 yuan/kg = 1920 yuan/day. Sodium silicate 200 kg/day × 1.5 yuan/kg = 300 yuan/day. Total 6720 yuan/day
3. Impeller: change it once every 8 months, 64 sets × 1000 yuan/set ÷240 days = 267 yuan/day.
4. Liner: One liner of each ball mill is used for 6 months, and one liner 15 tons ×7500 yuan/ton ÷ 180 days = 625 yuan/day. Two ball mills consume 625×2 per day to get 1250 yuan/day.
5, dental plate: 4 pieces a month, 2000 yuan each. Get 267 yuan per day.
6. Filter cloth: 20 yuan every day.
7. Packing fee: 320 tons per day per ton of 25 yuan. 25× 320 = 8000 yuan/day.
8. Coal consumption: 30 tons/day for gas furnace and drying furnace, 600 yuan/ton× 30 tons/day = 1.8 million yuan/day.
9. Consumable parts: 1000 yuan/day.
List of daily consumption materials
serial number
Material name
unit
Count quantity
unit price
(yuan)
a sum of money
(yuan)
1
(steel) ball
kilogram
900
five
4500
2
oleic acid
kilogram
300
15
4500
five
soda
kilogram
960
2
1920
six
cup
kilogram
200
1.5
300
seven
impeller
267
eight
Lower backing plate
1250
nine
toothed link
267
10
Filter cloth
20
1 1
parcel
8000......& gt& gt
What are the aspects of cost control in production process?
The definition of production process cost control refers to the supervision and control of production consumption in the production process, so that it does not exceed the plan and quota, so as not to exceed the total target cost and ensure that enterprises can make profits. The cost control of content production process can be divided into two aspects: 1, the implementation of cost accounting quota method and responsibility accounting system (centralized management of cost classification), and the implementation of production consumption control. Quota method is not only a cost accounting method, but also a cost control method. In the enterprises implementing responsibility accounting system, the quota method must be combined. On the basis of the above functional cost analysis, if the design cost is determined, it can be considered as norm cost, and the daily cost is measured by norm cost. When all expenses occur, they should be compared with the quota in time to determine the difference between the actual production expenses and the quota. The key to cost control by quota method is the accounting of quota difference, which is an important link in the daily supervision of production costs. The focus of quota difference accounting is the direct cost part, such as the accounting of raw material quota difference. In order to ensure the timely and accurate quota difference accounting, raw material quota difference accounting should be implemented in teams and groups, combined with team production management and team economic accounting, and linked with rewards, so as to promote everyone in teams and groups to care about quota difference accounting, so that differences can be calculated every day and teams and groups can calculate differences, and finally, the quota difference of team accounting should be summarized monthly to the workshop for product cost accounting. At present, in the case of economic accounting and economic responsibility system within the company, responsibility accounting system and quota method are generally used to control accounting. For example, the cost indicators of the main products of the enterprise are decomposed step by step and assessed step by step until the team and workshop establish cost centers, collect production costs, calculate responsibility costs, and transfer economic responsibilities. The responsibility cost index will be awarded the achievement award, and the achievement will not be rewarded or punished. This has formed the core of economic responsibility. 2. Organize balanced production and implement cost control in the production process of product quantity control, which is not only the control of production consumption, but also closely related to the production organization and product quantity management of enterprises. Often due to poor planning and poor production scheduling in the production process, the production is unbalanced and mismatched, which makes some parts overstock for a long time and cannot form the final product. Over time, the loss and damage of parts in products will increase the cost of products. Therefore, the organization of balanced production is in. Methods to control the cost of production process, including the consumption control of each link and department in production. But no matter which production link and department, the content of its control is basically the expenditure of materials, labor and expenses. ① Control of raw material consumption. According to the established drawings, process methods and control standards of process consumption quota, raw material consumption is controlled in all aspects of the production process. First, procurement personnel and suppliers should control the varieties and specifications of purchased raw materials according to the design process, and the materials should meet the requirements, and the purchase price, transportation fee, purchase quantity and inspection and storage fee should not exceed the limit; Second, warehouse managers should control the storage fees and limit the work of issuing materials, returning materials, replenishing materials and recycling waste materials; Third, the workshop processing personnel should control the blanking mode, material utilization rate and recovery rate, operate according to drawings, processes, equipment and tooling, control the process consumption quota of raw materials, advocate substitution and comprehensive utilization, and save costs; Fourth, production managers should control reasonable batch, output, feeding, materials and scheduling, organize balanced production, reduce waste products, improve material utilization, control fixed consumption of raw materials and not overspend; Five, workshop materials to supervise the material consumption, organize material accounting, analyze the deviation of material consumption quota, find out the reason, trace the responsible person, and put forward improvement measures. Due to different processes and equipment, the specific control methods of raw material consumption will be different. ② Control energy consumption. Energy consumption accounts for a large proportion in the cost. Because some enterprises in China are backward in technical equipment level and technological process, there is great potential for energy saving. The control of energy consumption, on the one hand, is the control of kinetic energy (power), that is, the control of electricity consumption of various facilities, such as the use of machinery, production and construction facilities, transport vehicles, cranes, electrical equipment and so on. Including the control of oil, electricity, natural gas, steam and wind. The first is the control method ... >>
In order to predict the recovery rate y of a chemical plant product, it is necessary to study the correlation between it and the effective component x content of raw materials. Now, take 8 pairs of observation values and calculate as follows: 8.
Judging from the meaning of the question, x=6.5，。 y=28.5，∴b= 1849？ 8? 6.5? 28.5478? 8? 6.52≈2.62，a=28.5-2.62？ 6.5= 1 1.47, and the linear regression equation of ∴y and x is y =11.47+2.62x. Therefore, it is selected as A. 。
Evaluation and calculation of mineral resources
According to their characteristics and uses, they are usually divided into three categories: metal minerals, non-metal minerals and energy minerals.
It is the material basis of mining development. The types, distribution and reserves of mineral resources determine the possible mining sectors, regions and scales. Its quality, mining conditions and geographical location directly affect the utilization value of mineral resources, mining construction investment, labor productivity, production cost and technical route, and have an important impact on the development and layout of primary processing industries (such as steel, non-ferrous metals, basic chemicals and building materials) and even the whole heavy industry. The regional combination characteristics of mineral resources affect the development direction of regional economy and the characteristics of industrial structure. The utilization and industrial value of mineral resources are closely related to the development level of productive forces and technical and economic conditions. With the progress of geological exploration, mining and processing technology, the breadth and depth of mineral resources utilization are constantly expanding.
According to Article 2 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Mineral Resources Law, the so-called mineral resources refer to the natural resources with utilization value formed by geological processes, which are solid, liquid and gaseous.
At present, 17 1 mineral has been discovered in China. It can be divided into four categories: energy minerals (such as coal, oil and geothermal), metal minerals (such as iron, manganese and copper), non-metal minerals (such as diamond, limestone and clay) and water vapor minerals (such as groundwater, mineral water and carbon dioxide gas).
The broad meaning of mineral resources protection;
(1) Develop and utilize mineral resources rationally, optimize resource allocation and realize optimal exhaustion of mineral resources;
(2) Restrict or prohibit unreasonable indiscriminate mining and excavation to prevent the loss, waste or destruction of mineral resources;
(3) Control the whole process of exploitation and utilization of mineral resources to minimize the environmental cost;
(4) Protect the ecological environment of the mining area and prevent the mine from becoming barren at the end of its life.
[Edit this paragraph] Interim Measures for the supervision and administration of mineral resources
Article 1 In order to strengthen the supervision and management of the development, utilization and protection of mineral resources of mining enterprises, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Mineral Resources Law of People's Republic of China (PRC).
Article 2 These Measures shall apply to mining enterprises (including mining units, the same below) engaged in mining production in the territory of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the sea areas under its jurisdiction, unless otherwise stipulated in these Measures.
Article 3 The competent department of Geology and Mineral Resources of the State Council shall be responsible for the implementation of these Measures:
1. Formulate the supervision and management regulations on the development, utilization and protection of mineral resources;
Two, supervision and inspection of the implementation of mineral resources management regulations;
Three, in conjunction with the relevant departments to establish a reasonable development and utilization of mineral resources assessment index system and regular reporting system;
Four, in conjunction with the relevant competent departments responsible for the examination and approval of large mining enterprises abnormal reserves reimbursement;
Five, organize or participate in the investigation and study of the development, utilization and protection of mineral resources, and summarize and exchange experiences.
Article 4 The competent departments of geology and mineral resources of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for the implementation of these Measures:
1. Supervise, manage and guide the development, utilization and protection of mineral resources of mining enterprises in this area according to these measures and relevant laws and regulations;
Two, according to the need to send mineral inspectors to key mining enterprises, and send patrol mineral inspectors to areas where mining enterprises are concentrated; The specific measures for sending inspectors shall be formulated separately by the competent department of Geology and Mineral Resources of the State Council in conjunction with relevant departments.
Article 5 The relevant competent departments of the State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall bear the following responsibilities for the implementation of these Measures:
First, formulate rules and regulations for the development, utilization and protection of mineral resources in this department and report them to the competent department of geology and mineral resources at the same level for the record;
Two, according to these measures and relevant laws and regulations, assist the competent department of Geology and mineral resources to supervise and manage the development, utilization and protection of mineral resources of mining enterprises in this department;
Three, responsible for the management of mineral reserves of mining enterprises, strict implementation of the provisions for examination and approval of mineral reserves reduction;
Four, summarize and exchange the experience of rational development, utilization and protection of mineral resources of mining enterprises in this department.
Article 6 The geological survey institutions of mining enterprises are the supervision and management institutions for the development, utilization and protection of mineral resources of their own enterprises, and shall be responsible for the implementation of these Measures:
First, do a good job in production exploration, improve the level of mineral reserves, and provide reliable geological basis for mining;
Two, the supervision of mineral resources exploitation loss and dilution and comprehensive development and utilization of mineral resources;
Three, the management of mineral reserves of mining enterprises;
Iv. violation of laws and regulations on mineral resources management ..... >>
What is the recovery rate of 3034g concentrate and10g silver concentrate per ton after flotation? How to calculate?
How many grams of raw ore? Tell me and I'll help you solve it.
What is distillate oil?
(three) mechanized coking furnace and its main auxiliary equipment
1, coke oven body
The coke oven body is mainly made of silicon bricks and is divided into one to four connected parts: the top, the carbonization chamber (with combustion chambers on both sides), the chute and the regenerator.
The carbonization chamber is provided with a coal charging hole, the combustion chamber is provided with a fire watching hole, and the top area is provided with an ascending pipe hole for introducing raw gas into the gas gathering system.
The carbonization chamber is a long and narrow square chamber, which is used for loading coal. Coal can be loaded from the coal loading port or the machine side (tamping coking).
Combustion chambers are located on both sides of the carbonization chamber, in which gas is burned. The heat generated by combustion is introduced into the carbonization chamber through the wall of the carbonization chamber-combustion chamber, and the coal material is heated to a high temperature and refined into coke.
Chute is the airflow channel between regenerator and combustion chamber.
The regenerator is located at the lower part of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber and is filled with porous checker bricks. When the airflow drops, the high-temperature waste gas generated by combustion heats the checker bricks, and when it is changed to upward airflow, the lean gas or air passing through the regenerator is preheated and then enters the combustion chamber.
Coke oven consists of dozens of carbonization chambers.
2. Coal tower
Located between two sets of coke ovens, it stores coking coal powder.
3, operating machinery
1) coal car:
The top-loading coke oven coal loader is located at the top of the furnace, and its function is to take a certain weight of coal out of the coal tower and discharge it into the carbonization chamber through the coal loading port at the top of the carbonization chamber.
2) Coke pusher:
The coke pusher of the top-mounted coke oven has several functions: after the coking chamber is filled with coal, the coal falls into the coking chamber to form a cone, and the coal is leveled by the flat coal rod of the coke pusher; Open, clean and close the oven door on the machine side; Push the mature coke from the machine side of the carbonization chamber to the coke quenching car on the coke side.
3) coal pusher:
The coal pusher is a special machine for tamping coke ovens. Its function is to push the briquette rammed by the tamping machine into the carbonization chamber, open and close the furnace door at the machine side, and push the mature coke onto the quenching car.
4) Stop coke car:
Stop the coke pushed out of the carbonization chamber from falling on the quenching car, and open, clean and close the oven door at the coke side.
5) Coke quenching car (or CDQ device):
The red-hot coke that has been pushed out is transported to the coke quenching tower for spraying water (or transported to the dry quenching device to guide the waste heat away for power generation or supplement the steam in the pipe network with inert gas), and then the red-hot coke is extinguished, and then discharged to the cold coke platform for cooling.
(D) Selection of coking coal
The physical properties and chemical composition of coke mainly depend on the coal used and the coking method.
1, coal washing (or clean coal). Impurities such as ash, sulfur and phosphorus brought into coke by raw coal are extremely harmful to ironmaking. In order to remove these impurities, it is necessary to wash raw coal, and the clean coal obtained after washing is called clean coal or clean coal.
2. Mixed coal. Coking coal can be smelted into good coke alone. Although some coals cannot be smelted into coke alone, they can be smelted into coke together with other coals. In this way, when different coals are mixed in a proper proportion, blended coals are called blended coals.
3. At present, almost all coking plants in the world use blended coal for coking, that is, coking coal is mixed with other coals (one to five or six kinds) for coking. The reason for this is the following：
1) coking coal resources are scarce, and coal blending can save a lot of main coking coal.
2) Although the coking performance of coking coal is good, some main coking coals have higher expansion pressure during coking, which causes damage to the furnace body, and some of them contain more impurities. The above problems can be solved by coal blending.
3) Coking coal is expensive, and coking with coal can reduce the cost of coke.
What kind of coal can be coking alone and what proportion of blended coal can be refined into high-quality coke must be determined through experiments.
(5) The technological process of coking production
The main task of coking production is to produce high-quality metallurgical coke for blast furnace smelting, and at the same time recover coke oven gas and chemical products in coke oven gas. There are many coking production processes, one of which is shown in figure 10- 1.
Second, the recycling of chemical products.
When coking coal is dry distilled in the carbonization chamber of coke oven, under the action of high temperature, a series of physical and chemical changes have taken place in the coal quality, and at the same time, water vapor and gas (that is, crude gas) have also been precipitated. The gas comes out of the carbonization chamber, passes through the riser to the gas collector, and is sprayed by circulating ammonia water to cool the gas, and tar and ammonia water are separated. After the gas is cooled and treated with various absorbents, chemical products such as tar, ammonia and crude benzene can be extracted, and the purified coke oven gas is usually sent back to the coke oven for heating or other metallurgical furnaces as fuel. In addition, it can also be used as feed gas for synthetic ammonia and civil city gas.
Coking chemical products are widely used in plastic industry, synthetic fiber, synthetic rubber, radiation-resistant materials, high-temperature resistant materials, dyes and medicine. & gt