Internationally renowned symbol of peace (U+262E? The symbol of peace in Unicode was originally designed by Gerald Holtom in 1958 for the British nuclear disarmament movement. Holttum, an artist and designer, took part in the March from Trafalgar Square in London to the Atomic Weapons Research Institute in Aldermaston, England. The March was organized by the Direct Action Committee and will be held in April with the support of the Nuclear Disarmament Movement (CND). Holden's design was adapted into a ceramic lapel badge by Eric Austin (1922–1999). The original design was in the Peace Museum in Bradford, England.
This symbol is a combination of semaphore signals with letters "N" and "D", which stands for "nuclear disarmament". [49] In the semaphore, the letter "N" consists of a person holding a flag with two inverted V-shaped faces, and the letter "D" consists of holding a flag with one face up and the other face down. The superposition of these two symbols forms the central shape of the symbol of peace.
Holttum later wrote to Hugh Brock, editor of Peace News, explaining the origin of his idea:
"I am desperate. Deep despair. I painted myself: a representative of a desperate man, with his hands and palms extending outward and downward, just like Goya's peasants standing in front of a firing squad. I turned this painting into a line and drew a circle around it. "
Ken Kolsbun, a journalist from Holden, said that the designer began to regret the symbolism of despair because he felt that peace was something to celebrate and hoped that the symbol would be reversed. It is said that Eric Austin "found that the theme of" desperate gesture "has long been associated with" human death "and the circle is associated with" unborn child ". Some time later, Peggy Duff, secretary general of CND between 1958 and 1967, repeated this explanation in an interview with an American newspaper. He said that the inside of this symbol is a "Nordic ancient symbol of human death" and this circle is a "symbol of unborn children".
This symbol became the emblem of CND, and wearing it became a symbol of support for the unilateral nuclear disarmament movement in Britain. A description of CND's early history described this image as "a visual adhesive, combining the [Aldermaston] parade with the whole movement afterwards ... perhaps the most powerful, memorable and adaptable image ever designed for a long-term cause."
Without patents or restrictions, this symbol spread beyond CND and was adopted by the broader disarmament and anti-war movements. 195 8, when Albert Bigelow, a pacifist protester, sailed into the vicinity of the nuclear test in a boat with CND flag, it was widely known in the United States. Buttons with this symbol were imported to the United States by Philip Altbach, a freshman at the University of Chicago, in 65 438+0960. Oterbach once went to Britain as a representative of the Student Peace Alliance (SPU) to meet with British peace groups. After returning home, he persuaded SPU to adopt this symbol. Between 1960 and 1964, they sold thousands of buttons on the university campus. By the end of1990s, this symbol had become a universal symbol of peace, which crossed the national and cultural boundaries in Europe and other regions.
In 1970, two American private companies tried to register the peace symbol as a trademark: Intercontinental Shoes Company in new york and Luv Company in Miami. Patent Commissioner William E. Schuyler Jr said that this symbol "cannot be used as a trademark registered by the patent office".
Ken Kolsbun wrote in his History of Peace Symbol that "in order to discredit the rising anti-war movement, the john burgee Society published an attack on the peace symbol in its June 1970 issue of American Public Opinion", calling it "the expression of witch's feet or crow's feet", which is said to be the symbol of the medieval devil. It is reported that a national Republican newsletter "noticed an ominous similarity, similar to a symbol used by the Nazis in World War II".
The symbol of peace, that is, the symbol of anti-nuclear war, is one of the symbols widely used in the world today. This logo was designed by Gerald Holtom, a participant in the "Nuclear Disarmament Movement" (CND), at the request of Bertrand Russel, as the badge of the action committee set up to protest against 1958 "Atomic Weapons Development Research Center" in Aldermaston Village, England. The original idea of the logo was put forward by the designers and graduates of the Royal College of Art in London, and it was expressed by a circle of a Christian cross, but it was opposed by Christians.
This symbol means anti-nuclear movement, that is, anti-war symbol, which is one of the symbols widely used in the world today.
This logo was designed by Gerald Holtom, a participant in the "Nuclear Disarmament Movement" (CND), at the request of Bertrand Russell, as the badge of the action committee set up to protest against 1958 "Atomic Weapons Development Research Center" in Aldermaston Village, England. The original idea of the logo was put forward by the designers and graduates of the Royal College of Art in London, and it was expressed by a circle of a Christian cross, but it was opposed by Christians.
Gerald Horton, a commercial artist, is a member of this organization. During World War II, he became a staunch anti-war activist. Entrusted by the organization, he took the signal in the navy flag as the design element, and designed the peaceful anti-war symbol that later became popular all over the world. In the naval semaphore, the signalman holds two flags, pointing down at a 45-degree angle, indicating "N". Two flags with one side facing up and the other side facing down indicate "D". "N" and "D" are abbreviations of the English word "nuclear disarmament". Holden combined them into a simple line and drew a circle outside. There are other ways to interpret this sign. Holden said, "I paint myself as a representative of a desperate man, with hands down and palms forward, just like Goya did in the painting." The insurgents were shot dead on the night of May 3, 1808. "The lines in the circle suggest the human body, and the circle symbolizes the earth.
In the later days, Holden also regretted that he had brought too much despair to this symbol. He said that if he was given another chance, he would like to turn the signboard upside down. "He thinks that peace is something to celebrate." Ken Kolsbun, a journalist who has interviewed holden and studied anti-war signs for many years, said, "Coincidentally, if the signs he designed are upside down, the' signalman' on the signs will hold the flags with 45-degree angles on both sides and mark' U' in the semaphore. UD is the abbreviation of' (unilateral disarmament', which may have more far-reaching significance than nuclear disarmament. "
After being used by friends of Martin Luther King in a civil rights movement, the symbol of peace is widely used in the United States, especially in various rights movements and American organizations that believe in orthodox Christianity. In the 1970s, some people thought that this symbol contained some evil metaphor, others thought it was a symbol of productism, so people began to avoid using it. Under the apartheid system in South Africa, even the official ban on the use of this sign. During the Vietnam War, opponents of the war used this symbol, so this symbol is also called "the footprints of the great American chicken".
Not intentionally infringing, this symbol is still used as a symbol of nuclear disarmament in Britain. But around the world, people regard it as a symbol of love, peace and non-violence. People can use this sign for free without anyone's permission. This also leads to its use and abuse, although it will not be happy to be seen by CND or other peace organizations. This logo is also used for business, advertising and fashion purposes. "We can't stop these uses, and we don't intend to apply for a patent. All we can do is hope that those businesses can donate some money. Any money they donate will be used for peace education and information work of CND. " A spokesman for the nuclear disarmament website said.
There is no one-to-one correspondence between Chinese and English, and the content is roughly the same. )