Solidago canadensis invaded Wuhan and was besieged by the whole city. 1935, Solidago canadensis was introduced to China as an ornamental plant. Weeds were produced after introduction, which occupied the growing space of field crops. Solidago canadensis invaded Wuhan and was besieged by the whole city.
Solidago canadensis invaded Wuhan and was besieged by the whole city 1. A notice "Please report this yellow flower when you see it" was posted on the hot search. The incident took place in Wuhan, Hubei Province. The yellow flower refers to Solidago canadensis, a typical alien invasive plant, which is extremely destructive. You know, as early as 20 10, China has included Solidago canadensis in the list of alien invasive species in China, along with the famous water hyacinth, Eupatorium adenophorum and Eupatorium odoratum.
According to media reports, Solidago canadensis has successfully invaded many areas in Wuhan. There is a Solidago canadensis community with an area of 3,000 mu near the 365,438+08 National Road in Liuzhi Street, huangpi district. It takes 25 professional prevention and control personnel and 4 vehicles to work continuously for several weeks, and a slight carelessness may make a comeback. Now is the season of flowering, fruiting and reproduction, so it is not surprising that the Agricultural and Rural Bureau has joined forces with various departments to crack down on it.
In fact, Solidago canadensis has spread to many provinces, which is no different from the red imported fire ant that swept across 435 counties and cities in China 12 provinces. The invading provinces include Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other 15 provinces. Taking Anhui as an example, the investigation conducted by Hefei Shushan Agriculture, Forestry and Water Affairs Bureau in June, 20021found that the affected area of Solidago canadensis in its jurisdiction reached thousands of acres, while in previous years there were only a few scattered plants and pieces. Now, local weeds have disappeared everywhere, and finally it has become the territory of Canadian goldenrod.
So what kind of plant is Solidago canadensis? What's so terrible about it?
Solidago canadensis, the leaves are 5- 12 cm long and linear-lanceolate; The stem is erect, 2.5 meters high, and the longest can exceed 3 meters. It is a perennial herb, native to North America.
Solidago canadensis is not an alien invasive creature in the typical sense, but it is similar to tilapia and scavengers, and was intentionally introduced to China. In 1930s, Solidago canadensis was introduced to Shanghai and Nanjing as an ornamental plant. At first, Solidago canadensis was mainly planted in parks and private gardens. Later, Solidago canadensis, with its unique sowing method, successfully escaped to the outdoor, and it was out of control from then on.
Solidago canadensis, which invaded the outdoor, soon exposed its "inferiority". Other invasive plants have certain requirements for soil and water, but Solidago canadensis can grow from barren woodland and hillside to swamp, and abandoned farmland, river slopes, non-arable land, railway lines, green belts, farmland edges and other areas are its resting places. Solidago canadensis is drought-tolerant and has low nutritional requirements. Solidago canadensis grows in cracks in rocks, concrete and even walls.
Solidago canadensis is known as "ecological killer" and "Lady Enforcers". In addition to strong vitality, it mainly destroys the local indigenous plants and soil ecology.
Every year, the flowering period of Solidago canadensis is10-1-65438+February. When the seeds mature, they are small achenes with crested hairs, like dandelion seeds, which will disperse when the wind blows. Others stick to birds and small animals, so seeds can migrate for several kilometers or even dozens of kilometers at a time.
Even more frightening is that a Canadian goldenrod has more than 20,000 seeds, 80% of which can germinate. In a survey in Zhejiang, the researchers found that after eight years of reproduction, six Solidago canadensis plants have become a super-large community with 1400 plants, 20% of which are as high as 3 meters.
In addition to the sexual reproduction of butterflies, bees and other insects, asexual reproduction is also the strength of Solidago canadensis. Solidago canadensis, buried in the soil, grows radially around the root plant, and the terminal bud breaks out of the soil in a nutrient-rich place and develops into a complete plant. It is observed that a vigorous Solidago canadensis can breed more than 50 offspring in two years, its maximum cloning radius can exceed 10 meter, and the life cycle of the whole community is as long as 50-70 years!
That's not all. Small branches broken by strong winds and other reasons can be propagated into one plant with high probability, and a community can be quickly established through asexual propagation!
The harm of Solidago canadensis to other plants is synchronous with its expansion. The roots of Solidago canadensis will compete for nutrients and water around other green plants. At the same time, Solidago canadensis also released a chemical that can inhibit the growth of Acer saccharum seedlings and weeds. Therefore, other grasses in this area will wither or be eliminated. According to the data, at least 30 grasses have been extinct since Solidago canadensis invaded Shanghai!
At present, the main methods to control Solidago canadensis are uprooting, burning and spraying chemicals. These methods are best used together, and the effect of single method is extremely poor. Even so, after a few years, there is a high probability that the governance area will provoke a yellow flower in Canada.
So is there a way to do it once and for all? The researchers found that there is an insect called striped moth in Shandong, Jiangsu and Shaanxi. May-September is the peak of its activities every year, and it needs to eat a lot. At this time, the newly grown Canadian flower yellow has reached more than 1 m, which is just the food of the white-striped armyworm. More importantly, the white-striped armyworm can produce 4-5 generations a year, and its reproductive ability is not lost to Solidago canadensis.
In addition, reeds are the bane of Solidago canadensis. Researchers from the School of Resources and Environment of East China Normal University found that reed and Solidago canadensis have obvious similarities in height and nutritional requirements, and reed also has advantages in the competition. So in some areas, we can squeeze the living space of Solidago canadensis by planting reeds, and then it will be much easier to deal with reeds. After all, reeds have certain economic value.
Solidago canadensis invaded Wuhan and was besieged by the whole city 2 165438+ 10/2. The topic of "Wuhan citizens please report this kind of Canadian goldenrod" ranked first in Weibo, attracting the attention of many netizens.
According to Hubei Internet TV, on June 5438+065438+ 10/0, Wuhan Agriculture and Rural Bureau, together with the Municipal Bureau of Landscape Architecture, the Municipal Bureau of Transportation, the Municipal Bureau of Ecological Environment and Wuhan Customs, held a conference on the prevention and control of Solidago canadensis. It is required to complete the ground control tasks including farmland, roads and scenic spots in the whole city before165438+1October 20 to effectively control the spread and harmful effects.
"Solidago canadensis" has a bright flower shape, but it is actually a malignant weed and an exotic species. Drought-tolerant and barren-tolerant, it is in flowering stage at present, and has strong wind-borne transmission ability. It has widely appeared in urban and rural greening areas, farmland, wasteland, highways, national highways and expressways in Wuhan, showing an explosive trend.
Because there are no natural enemies, and the reproductive ability is too strong, it occupies the growth space of field crops, which can be described as "nothing grows in the day lily", which will bring inevitable losses to agriculture.
According to public information, "Solidago canadensis" is an exotic species, mainly produced in Canada, the United States, Mexico and other places in North America.
From 65438 to 0935, Solidago canadensis was introduced to China as an ornamental plant. Weeds produced after introduction mainly grow around floodplains, wasteland, roads, farmland and rural houses, and also invade orchards, corn fields, cotton fields, soybean fields, tea gardens, vegetable fields and pastures.
Because Solidago canadensis has strong reproductive ability and competes with native plants and crops for nutrients and water, it can be described as "nothing grows in the Solidago canadensis" and "flowers bloom and I fall", and it is called "ecological killer".
After the discovery of Solidago canadensis, relevant personnel should take measures such as artificial eradication, multiple cropping, multiple cropping and chemical control according to local conditions. Sporadic plants should be thoroughly removed from their aboveground parts and underground roots, concentrated in the sun and treated harmlessly or buried deeply; For contiguous flat plots, the residual roots can be removed by mechanical tillage, and suitable crops or greening plants can be planted in time to prevent reoccupation; Non-cultivated land can be sprayed with sterile chemical herbicides.
Solidago canadensis invaded Wuhan and was besieged by the whole city.
There are many native species in Shanghai.
Disappeared by the invasion of Solidago canadensis!
We must completely "surround" Solidago canadensis.
It's not easy!
Experts spend a lot of time these days. ...
It is understood that since 20 18, there have been more than five invention patents for the control of Solidago canadensis, such as the biological substitution of Solidago canadensis with wormwood and/or reed, the covering of Solidago canadensis with organic wet garbage, and the treatment of Solidago canadensis with biological compost preparation ... Unfortunately, the effect does not seem as good as expected. Every autumn, Solidago canadensis can still be seen everywhere.
At the same time, some citizens said:
There is a kind of "Huang Yinghua" in the fresh cut flower market.
Similar in appearance to Solidago canadensis.
Raymond Wong
So, what is the relationship between the two?
In fact, there are two main sources of "Huang Yinghua" in the market, one is Solidago nobilis and the other is Solidago canadensis, but either classification belongs to Solidago canadensis complex.
Experts remind that although the probability of invasion harm caused by fresh cut flowers is small, the risks brought by this large-scale planting exist due to the market demand of fresh cut flowers. Therefore, the large-scale sale of "Huang Yinghua" should attract attention, at least don't throw it away.