The pinyin pronunciation of Oseltamivir is as follows:
Oseltamivir is a specific inhibitor that acts on neuraminidase. Inhibiting the action of neuraminidase can prevent mature influenza viruses from leaving host cells, thereby inhibiting the spread of influenza viruses in the human body and playing a role in treating influenza.
Oseltamivir is a successful case of rational drug design based on structure. In the development process of this drug, a large number of computer-aided drug design methods were used to target the target enzyme based on its three-dimensional structure. A neuraminidase inhibitor with high efficiency, low toxicity and strong specificity was designed.
Oseltamivir first appeared as zanamivir developed by GlaxoSmithKline. Since the physical and chemical properties of zanamivir are not conducive to biological absorption, the drug has low bioavailability, a single route of administration, and poor patient compliance.
Oseltamivir is based on zanamivir and is obtained through rational drug design based on the molecular structure of the natural substrate of neuraminidase and the spatial structure of the catalytic center of neuraminidase. , is another drug successfully obtained by applying rational drug design methods after HIV integrase inhibitors.
Oseltamivir was first synthesized in 1996 and obtained a US patent on February 26, 1998. It was first launched in Sweden in October 1999 and subsequently entered the Canadian, EU and US markets. It was approved in China in 2002 roll out.
In December 2005, research results from the University of Oxford showed that the avian influenza virus was beginning to become resistant to Tamiflu. On December 22, the pharmaceutical company Roche urged an increase in the dosage of Tamiflu to combat avian influenza.
Roche Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. is the patent holder of oseltamivir. They produce oseltamivir phosphate capsules (trade name: Tamiflu in mainland China, Tamiflu in Hong Kong, Tamiflu in Taiwan) (for influenza) is the only oseltamivir preparation on the market.
In October 2005, due to the spread of avian influenza around the world, there was a global rush to buy Tamiflu. Roche also restricted the sales of Tamiflu because it refused to open the patent rights of oseltamivir. and were widely condemned.