Can I apply for a trademark or patent for a certain color used in a commodity?

The combination of 1. colors can be applied as trademarks, but generally speaking, the combination of colors is not obvious and easily conflicts with other rights (such as the color layout of national flags in some countries), so such applications are rare.

That blue bottle can't apply for a trademark. As a three-dimensional trademark, its bottle body is determined by the nature of the product itself in shape and is single blue in color. Neither is significant, and the application is bound to be rejected. Moreover, most three-dimensional trademarks can be protected by appearance patents.

There are three options, prosecution, negotiation and laissez-faire.

Finally, a single color cannot be patented, and the object of the appearance patent must be a physical object.