(1) has large communication capacity and long transmission distance; The potential bandwidth of optical fiber can reach 20 Hz. With this bandwidth, it only takes about one second to transmit all human written materials, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. 400Gbit/s system has been put into commercial use.
The loss of optical fiber is extremely low. When the wavelength of light is about 1.55μm, the loss of optical fiber can be lower than 0.2dB/km, which is lower than that of any transmission medium. Therefore, the transmission distance without relay can reach tens or even hundreds of kilometers.
(2) Small signal interference and good confidentiality;
(3) Anti-electromagnetic interference and good transmission quality. Electric communication can't solve all kinds of electromagnetic interference problems, only optical fiber communication is free from all kinds of electromagnetic interference.
(4) The optical fiber is small in size and light in weight, which is convenient for laying and transportation;
(5) The raw materials are rich in sources and have good environmental protection, which is beneficial to saving nonferrous metal copper.
(6) Without radiation, it is difficult to eavesdrop, because the light wave transmitted by optical fiber cannot run out of the optical fiber.
(7) The optical cable has strong adaptability and long service life.
(8) Brittle texture and poor mechanical strength.
(9) Cutting and splicing of optical fibers require certain tools, equipment and technology.
(10) The diverter and coupling are not flexible.
(1 1) The bending radius of optical cable should not be too small (>; 20 cm)
(12) Power supply is difficult.
Extended data:
Development of optical fiber communication;
Optical fiber communication is the main transmission means of modern communication network. Its development history is only one or two decades, and it has experienced three generations: short wavelength multimode fiber, long wavelength multimode fiber and long wavelength single mode fiber. The adoption of optical fiber communication is a major change in the history of communication. More than 20 countries, including the United States, Japan, Britain and France, have announced that they will no longer build wired communication lines and are committed to developing optical fiber communication. China optical fiber communication has entered the practical stage.
The birth and development of optical fiber communication is a major revolution in the history of telecommunications, which ranks alongside satellite communication and mobile communication as technologies in the 1990s. After entering the 2 1 century, due to the rapid development of internet services and the growth of audio, video, data and multimedia applications, the demand for large-capacity (ultra-high-speed, ultra-long distance) optical wave transmission systems and networks is more urgent.
Trend:
FTTH can provide users with extremely rich bandwidth, so it has always been regarded as an ideal access mode, which plays an important role in realizing the information society and needs to be popularized and built on a large scale. The number of optical fibers needed by FTTH may be 2 ~ 3 times that of existing coated optical fibers. In the past, due to the high cost of FTTH and the lack of broadband video service and broadband content, FTTH has not been put on the agenda, and there are only a few experiments.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-optical fiber communication