Although Tolstoy did not find a real way out for society, his idea of ??serving ordinary people and his confession process are worthy of everyone's deep thought. In "Resurrection", at the end, the hero and heroine achieve spiritual and moral resurrection. In fact, it is also the spiritual and moral resurrection of the author. He understands society more clearly and reaches a new leap in his thinking.
However, it is very interesting that although he did not agree with the destruction of the system at that time, Tolstoy doubted the rationality of the Russian ruling institutions: "The only purpose of the courts is to maintain the status quo of society, so they Those whose moral character is above the average level and want to improve it are to be persecuted and executed, which are the so-called political prisoners, while those whose moral character is below the average level are to be persecuted and executed, which are the so-called criminal types.” The basic principle of structure and description is sharp contrast. The novel describes an extremely wide range of life scenes: from courts to churches, from prisons to penal colonies, from Moscow to Petersburg, from cities to villages, from Russia to Siberia. Through these pictures, the author compares the upper class society with people's lives, compares nobles and dignitaries with poor people, and compares rulers with prisoners.
Tolstoy is good at expressing the characters' spiritual world through their complex psychological states. For example, after Nekhludoff saw Maslova again in court, a series of fierce ideological struggles arose. The novel cleverly uses external things and phenomena to depict the psychology of the characters. Sometimes external things affect people's emotions; sometimes people's emotions give the surrounding environment a special color. For example, court trials, prison conditions, and the lives of farmers and exiles all actively affected Nekhludoff's thoughts and emotions. Sometimes Nekhludoff's bad mood produced disgust for the surrounding environment. For example, Nekhludoff After attending the court trial, Khludoff went to Kolchagen's house and was disgusted by everything he saw in his house.
Through the description of Nekhludoff's psychological activities in different periods, the author exposes and criticizes the aristocratic landlords, and also shows the entire process of Nekhludoff's moral self-cultivation.
The satirical techniques used by Tolstoy have his own unique style. He contains bitter irony in his simple narrative, and uses the contradiction between form and content to create a powerful satirical effect. For example, the author's description of the court officials describes the court as a whole. Tolstoy describes the entire court in detail, from its furnishings to the trial procedures. On the surface, this court seems to be very solemn and sacred, but in fact it is extremely reckless and irresponsible. of. Through gradually in-depth descriptions, Tolstoy reveals that those who enforce the law are all pretentious. They pretend to be serious and posturing, and they are all bureaucrats with corrupt morals who care little about human life. Such a satirical method of exposing the duplicity of the court bitterly mocks the ugliness of the tsarist Russian court's pretense of fairness and sanctity. Tolstoy often used his own explanations to expose the despicability and hypocrisy of nobles and officials, and used this to enrich his ironic portrayal of characters. In Gogol's works, when characters talk shamelessly about vile things, they reveal themselves. In Tolstoy's works, characters often conceal their sins. Because of this, the author's exposure of them is more sharp and powerful.