In October, 1863, Nobel obtained the invention patent of explosive initiator. This invention is called "Nobel device". In 1864, the patent for the invention of nitroglycerin explosive was obtained. In 1865, he experimented many times and studied repeatedly, and developed a solid ductile fuel, and successively obtained patents for explosives in Sweden, Britain and the United States.
In p>1866, a "diatomite explosive" was made, which could absorb three times more nitroglycerin than itself and was as soft and hard as clay. This product became the cornerstone of Nobel International Industrial Group in the future. In 1867, the safety detonator detonating device was invented. ?
In p>1888, smokeless explosives, also known as Nobel blasting explosives, were invented to manufacture military shells, grenades and ammunition. In 1896, the patent of glass squeezing nozzle with fine holes was obtained, and the invention also had a considerable impact on the textile industry.
Nobel not only made contributions to explosives, but also made some achievements in electrochemistry, optics, biology, physiology and literature. During Nobel's lifetime, there were as many as 355 invention patents applied in Britain alone. In addition to explosives, Nobel has made theoretical and practical achievements in the fuse using nitroglycerin, silent guns, hardening treatment, welding and fusion of metals, the stability of bullets, the extreme safety of submarine equipment using gas, and rockets used to rescue shipwrecks. He has made innovations in the experimental research of artificial rubber, artificial leather, making real lacquer or dye based on nitrocellulose, and artificial gem. ?
before his death, Nobel made a will in 1895, using most of his property of 9.2 million US dollars as a fund, and using his annual interest (2, US dollars per year), he set up five kinds of prizes (physics prize, chemistry prize, physiology or medicine prize, literature prize and peace prize) to reward scholars who made the greatest contribution in the above fields in 1969. Since 191, prizes have been awarded at 4: 3 pm on December 1th, the time of Nobel's death.
the nobel prize is divided into the following six categories: (1) the nobel prize in physics: decided by the Swedish academy of sciences and awarded to those who have made important inventions and discoveries in physics; (2) the nobel prize in chemistry: decided by the Swedish academy of sciences and awarded to those who have made important discoveries and improvements in chemistry. (3) Nobel Prize in Medicine: It is decided by Caroline Society in Stockholm and awarded to people who have made important discoveries in physiology or medicine. (4) Nobel Prize in Literature: It is decided by Stockholm Academic Academy and awarded to those who have inspired and guided literary thoughts.
(5) Nobel Peace Prize: A five-member committee composed of the Norwegian Parliament decided to award it to those who have made great contributions to the abolition and reduction of armaments in order to promote international friendly relations and the establishment and popularization of the peace conference. (6) Nobel Prize in Economics: It is not one of the five award fields mentioned in Nobel's will, but was added by the Swedish Bank in 1968 to commemorate Nobel, and the winner is decided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.