Different industries have their own unique rules. In actual practice, there is a saying that "laymen watch the excitement, and insiders watch the door." For example, the editor will introduce this term to the architectural design description next. We will give you a detailed introduction starting from several relevant contents of the architectural design description, including curtain wall engineering, insulation measures, doors and windows, roof engineering, interior walls, exterior walls and other information. I hope the following text and picture introduction can be helpful to everyone.
1.1 Project Overview
(⑴Project Name: Architectural Structural Design of the Sixth Middle School Teaching Building
⑵Total Building Area: 12029.78 square meters
< p>⑶Structural form: The main body of this project is a frame structure⑷Number of floors: The main building is 5 floors (6-story water tank room)
⑸Fire resistance grade: The fire resistance grade of this project is Level 2
?1.2 Graphic design
1.2.1 Design basis
⑴The approval document of the project from the construction authority;
⑵The design brief provided by the construction and the approved design plan;
⑶Based on the "General Principles for Civil Building Design" [GB50352-2005];
⑷Based on the "Seismic Design Code for Buildings." ". [GB50011-2001];
⑸Based on the "Building Design Code for Fire Protection" [GB50016-2006];
⑹Based on the "Building Design Code for Primary and Secondary Schools" [GBJ99- 86];
⑺Based on the "Public Building Energy Saving Design Standards" [DB21/T1477-2006?J10923-2007];
⑻Based on the "Fire Protection Design of Building Interior Decoration". Specifications" [GB50222-95];
⑼Based on relevant national architectural design "Specifications" and "Regulations" and provisions, Liaoning Provincial Building Standard Design "Architectural Structure Atlas" and other relevant national and local designs Specifications and standards.
1.2.2 Column network size
Taking into account various factors such as the building’s use function and stress, the column network of this building is: 9000×7200, 9000 ×3300, 9000×5700.
1.2.3 Plane layout
The main body of the building adopts a rectangular form, with 6 axes and 7 axes respectively. There are deformation joints between the 14th and 15th axes. ?Expansion joints: Expansion joints are also called temperature joints. They are set up to consider the impact of temperature changes on the building. The cold and hot changes in the climate will cause building materials and structures. The accessories will expand and contract, and buildings that are too long and too wide will suffer wall cracks or even damage due to this expansion and contraction. Therefore, expansion joints should be set up in buildings that are too long and too wide to be divided into several sections to ensure that. Each section can expand and contract freely to avoid cracking of the wall. The expansion joints are 30 to 20 mm wide and filled with elastic insulation materials. Earthquake-proof joints are designed to consider the damage to buildings caused by earthquakes. For multi-story masonry houses, when the height difference between the facades of the house is more than 6 meters, or when the house has staggered floors and a large floor height difference, or when the structural stiffness and quality of each part of the house are completely different, the house will be damaged during an earthquake. Adjacent parts may collide with each other and cause damage. Therefore, it is necessary to design anti-seismic joints to divide the building into several independent units with simple shapes and uniform structural stiffness to avoid earthquake damage. The width of anti-seismic joints is generally ()mm100~50.
1.2.4 Functional zoning
In the building, there are four stairwells from west to east. The second floor is a lecture theater. Ordinary classrooms, teachers' offices, principal's offices, etc. are located in the north of each floor. In the south are functional classrooms, such as archives rooms, geographical observation rooms, reception rooms, conference rooms, etc. The middle part of the fifth floor is a multi-functional lecture hall.
1.3 Facade design
Building facade refers to the interface between the building and the external space of the building that directly contacts it, as well as its displayed image and composition, or architecture. A general term for the components at the interface between internal and external spaces and their combination methods. Building facades are divided into building exterior facades and building interior facades.
Generally speaking, the exterior facade of a building includes all exterior parts of the building except the roof. In some specific cases, for example, the roof and walls of a building with a specific geometric shape show strong continuity and are difficult to distinguish. Or when the roof is treated as the "fifth facade" of the building to meet the needs of a specific architectural viewing angle, the roof can also be used as a component of the building's exterior facade. ?Building interior facade is the general term for the parts of all building entities that are in contact with external space except the building exterior facade. ?This building adopts a symmetrical layout: the building has an obvious central axis, and the main part is located on the line, making the building appear solemn and solemn. The main body of the building is white. Strong vertical lines make the building appear tall and straight.
1.4 Cross-sectional design
Story height: the main first floor is 3.9 meters, the rest are 3.6 meters, the total building height: 22.50 meters, the main building height: 18.85 meters. The height difference between indoor and outdoor is 0.6 meters.
1.5 node design
1.5.1 Exterior wall
Using mm300 thick lightweight aggregate concrete small hollow blocks (porosity% 50≥), Strength level 0.5MU≥, bulk density 3/1000mkg≤.
1.5.2 Interior wall
Made with mm200 thick light aggregate concrete small hollow blocks (porosity% 50≥), strength grade 5.3MU≥, bulk density 3/800mkg ≤, part of the bathroom wall is built with mm200 thick lightweight aggregate concrete small hollow blocks (porosity% 50≥), strength level 0.5MU≥, bulk density 3/800mkg≤.
1.5.3 Waterproofing
1.5.4 Roofing Engineering
⑴ The roof is a flat roof with organized drainage, the roof waterproofing grade is Level 2, and the waterproof materials are made of high-quality materials. Polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane, that is, two layers of mm4 thick SBS membrane waterproofing. The reasonable service life of the waterproof layer is 15 years. The insulation layer uses polystyrene foam boards. The roof structure is shown in the wall details and building structure table.
⑵Construction should be carried out in strict accordance with the description and sample requirements of the standard drawing and the "Quality Acceptance Specification for Roofing Projects" GB50207-2002.
⑶ When the roof facility base is connected to the structural layer, the membrane waterproof layer should wrap the upper part of the facility base and seal around the anchor bolts.
⑷The roof protective layer and leveling layer should be divided into grids with a spacing of 3m.
⑸ According to the regulations in GB18242-2000, the low temperature flexibility of SBS waterproof membrane is 18? ≤ ℃.
⑹ The roofs of buildings without maintenance structures or overhanging awnings must also be treated as roofs, but there is no insulation layer.
1.5.5 Doors and windows
⑴The doors of the secondary high-grade decoration rooms are determined by the decoration design. This design only provides the opening size requirements
⑵Doors and windows The manufacturer is responsible for the cross-sectional dimensions and strength calculation of the frame. The fixed fan used as a protective measure can withstand the thrust force of its horizontal transverse rails as mkG/50.
⑶The thickness of the glass on doors and windows should be determined by the manufacturer based on the size and location of the glass.
⑷ This design provides detailed drawings of door and window divisions, and detailed design should be carried out accordingly. Before processing doors and windows, door and window openings should be measured.
⑸ Doors and windows should be equipped with hardware and mid-range parts according to the standard atlas and budget quota.
⑹ The selection of door and window glass should comply with the provisions of the "Technical Regulations for the Application of Architectural Glass" JGJ113-2003 and the "Management Regulations on Building Safety Glass" Development and Reform Operation <2003>2116. Safety glass should be used for door and window glass larger than 25.1m. , Floor-to-ceiling window sills with a height less than 900 meters should use safety glass, and indoor railings 1050 meters above the floor should be set in a customized form, and the spacing between railings should not be greater than 110 meters.
⑺ Doors, windows and openings are sealed using polyurethane on-site foaming or filled with polymer cement mortar.
⑻For the technical requirements of fire-resistant doors and windows, please refer to the relevant instructions of the national standard "Fire-resistant Doors and Windows" 03J609.
⑼The wind pressure resistance of exterior doors and windows of the building is graded to level four, the airtightness performance is graded to level four, the watertightness performance is graded to level three, the thermal insulation performance is graded to level seven, and the sound insulation performance is graded to level four. The lighting performance is graded as Level 4.
1.5.6 Insulation measures
Insulation design: This project is a Class B energy-saving building. The building climate zone of the city where the project is located is the B2 climate zone in the severe cold zone I. The building shape coefficient is 0.20, the heat transfer coefficient of the exterior wall is ()kmW·/495.0, and the heat transfer coefficient of the roof is ()kmW·/364.0. According to the provisions of Table 4.3.1-2 of the "Public Building Energy Saving Design Standard", each section of this project All technical indicators meet the "Public Building Energy Saving Design Standards" [DB21/T1477-2006?J10923-2007]. ?Wall insulation: 60 thick (including dovetail groove) ?Roof insulation: mm100 thick polystyrene foam insulation board: apparent density 3/20mkg>?Thermal conductivity (10℃)≤()kmW·/042.0,?Compression strength Mpa1.0≥, oxygen index %30>? Remarks: ⑴XPS board should comply with the requirements specified in GB/T10801-2002.
⑵ This project is an external wall insulation system with mm60 thick (including dovetail grooves) XPS panels. For each node method, please refer to the standard atlas "XPS External Insulation Wall Structure" Liao 2006SJ121 Construction.
⑶ The wall insulation material shall be provided with horizontal fireproof isolation belts along each floor. The fireproof isolation belt shall be provided with Class A insulation material with a width of not less than 300 mm along the floor, and it shall be fully adhered to the wall surface.
⑷ The insulation layer at the junction of the roof and the exterior wall and around the roof opening shall be made of Class A insulation material with a width of not less than 500 mm to set up a horizontal fire isolation zone.
1.5.7 Curtain Wall Project
⑴The glass curtain wall of this project selects a grid-type glass curtain, the wind pressure resistance performance is not lower than Level IV, and the thermal insulation performance is not lower than Level III. , the air sealing performance rating is not lower than level IV, and the watertight performance rating is not lower than level III.
⑵ The elevation of the glass curtain wall in this project only shows the design requirements for the partition form of the facade, opening method, glass color and texture. The specific design of the curtain wall is the responsibility of a professional curtain wall company.
⑶The design, production and installation of glass curtain walls should comply with the "Technical Specifications for Glass Curtain Wall Engineering" and the "Load Specifications for Building Structures". The selection of glass should comply with the "Technical Regulations for the Application of Architectural Glass" and the "Management Regulations on Building Safety Glass" and the relevant regulations of the local competent authorities.
⑷ The embedded parts of the curtain wall should be verified with the design drawings of the professional curtain wall company before construction. The iron parts embedded in the wall or column should be treated with anti-corrosion (anti-rust).
⑸The combustion performance of the fireproof insulation material partially filled in the curtain wall is Class A. ?⑹ The space between the curtain wall and the base wall, the window wall, the window sill wall and the skirt wall should be sealed with fireproof sealing materials at each floor.
1.6 Fire protection requirements?
The fire resistance level of this project is Level 2, and it complies with the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" [GB50016-2006].
⑴ The air openings, through openings and building gaps in the building must be sealed with fireproof sealing materials. The fire resistance of the sealing materials should not be lower than the fire resistance of the adjacent fireproof separation components. It should be strictly implemented in accordance with the "Technical Regulations for the Application of Building Fireproof Sealing" (CECS154:2003).
⑵ For the holes reserved for pipelines on each floor, after the pipelines are installed and debugged, the reserved steel bars on the floor around the holes are welded with φ10@200 bidirectional, and mm80 thick C20 concrete is poured, and 2: 1. Smooth the cement mortar and block it tightly with mineral wool around the pipeline.
⑶ Fire doors should have a self-closing function, and double fire doors should have a sequential closing function. Normally open fire doors should be able to close themselves in case of fire and should have a signal feedback function.
⑷All fireproof partition walls in the building should be built from the base of the floor to the base of the beam and slab, leaving no gaps.
⑸ Secondary decoration inside the building should not reduce the number of clear widths required for designed evacuation of safety exits, evacuation exits or evacuation walkways, should not reduce the combustion performance and fire resistance limit of the original fire protection components, and should Meet the requirements of the "Fire Protection Code for Building Interior Decoration Design" (GB50222-95).
⑹ All fire protection facilities should use products from manufacturers approved by the public security fire department.
⑺All steel components in the grid part of this project must be painted with fire-retardant paint to make their fire resistance limit no less than h0.01
We have introduced to you the architectural design instructions above. Several contents. This includes information on curtain wall projects, insulation measures, doors and windows, roofing projects, interior walls, exterior walls and more. I believe that through the above study, we all have a more comprehensive and systematic understanding of architectural design instructions. Friends who are interested in learning more about architectural design descriptions may wish to refer to the relevant information above and then look for some information related to architectural design descriptions. I hope that these contents can be helpful to everyone.