1, plagiarizing and stealing other people's research results or project applications.
2. Fabricating research process, forging research results, buying and selling experimental research data, forging and tampering with experimental research data, charts, conclusions, test reports or user reports.
3, buying and selling, writing, investment papers or project applications, acceptance materials, etc. And fabricate peer review experts and opinions.
4. Obtaining the approval of scientific research activities and obtaining scientific research projects (special projects, funds, etc.) by deliberately providing false information or taking improper means such as wooing, bribery and interest exchange. ), research funding, awards, honors, titles, etc.
5, resort to deceit, forgery, tampering with the examination and approval documents of science and technology ethics, and defrauding the examination and approval of science and technology ethics.
6. There is no violation of the signature norms such as papers, awards and patents. , such as the signature of substantive academic contributions.
7. Repeated publication, citing documents irrelevant to the content of the paper, and asking the author to quote specific documents unnecessarily violate academic publishing norms.
8. others.
Classification of sampling results:
Each selected paper will be sent to three peer experts for comments, who will comment on the paper according to the requirements of different degree types. Sampling results are usually divided into:
1. Three experts agreed that the sampling results can be rated as "qualified/good/excellent" and have no negative impact on students, supervisors and schools.
2. Only one of the three expert opinions is "unqualified" and needs to be re-evaluated. If one or more experts still have "unqualified" opinions, it will be considered as a "problematic dissertation"; Some universities no longer re-evaluate, but directly identify them as "unqualified papers".
3. Papers with "unreserved" opinions by two or more of the three experts will be regarded as "problematic papers". Students are required to revise their papers within a certain period of time and reply again to see if they need to re-apply for a degree according to the requirements of the university.