Question 1: How did Edison invent the light bulb? As early as 1821, British scientists David and Faraday invented an electric light called the arc lamp. This kind of electric lamp uses a carbon rod as the filament. Although it can emit bright light, the light is dazzling and the life is short.
So Edison began to experiment with materials as filaments. With great perseverance and patience, Edison tested more than 1,600 materials, using carbon strips, platinum wires, and metals such as ruthenium and chromium as filaments. All ended in failure. In the face of failure and the cynicism of some people, Edison did not retreat. After 13 months of hard work, Edison tried more than 6,000 materials and more than 7,000 tests, and finally found that cotton thread could be used as a filament. The filament burned out after a full 45 hours of light. This was mankind's first practical electric lamp. This day - October 21, 1879, is designated as the invention day of the electric light. After further experiments, Edison found that using bamboo filament was very effective. The filament was durable and the bulb could last for 1,200 hours. After that, electric lights began to enter the homes of ordinary people.
Later, people have been using this kind of light bulb with bamboo filament as filament. Decades later, it was improved by using tungsten filament as the filament and filling the bulb with inert gas nitrogen or argon.
In this way, the life of the light bulb is extended a lot. This is the kind of light bulb we use now.
Question 2: On what basis did Edison invent the electric light? Edison began experiments to reform the arc lamp in 1877, proposing to divide the current and convert the arc lamp into a white light lamp. This test needs to be done satisfactorily. It is necessary to find a substance that can burn to white heat to make a filament. This filament must withstand burning at a temperature of 2,000 degrees for more than 1,000 hours. At the same time, it should be simple to use, able to withstand the bumps and bumps of daily use, and the price should be low. The turning on and off of one lamp should not affect the turning on and off of any other lamp, and the relative independence of each lamp should be maintained. In order to choose this kind of lamp. This was a very bold idea at the time and required great efforts to explore and test. As for the material used for filament, Edison first experimented with carbonized substances. After failure, he experimented with metal platinum and iridium high-melting-point alloys. He also conducted 1,600 different experiments on high-quality ores and ore seedlings. The results All failed. But by this time, he and his assistants had made great progress and knew that the incandescent filament must be sealed in a highly vacuumed glass sphere to prevent it from melting. In this way, his experiments returned to carbon filaments. He worked day and night until the first half of 1880, but Edison's incandescent lamp experiment still had no results. One day, he tore a piece of bamboo silk tied to the edge of a banana fan in the laboratory into thin filaments, and devoted all his energy to carbonization. There were more than 6,000 carbonization experiments on plants alone. He has more than 200 experimental notebooks, totaling more than 40,000 pages, which took three years to complete. He works eighteen or nineteen hours a day. At three or four o'clock every morning, he would sleep under the experimental table with two or three books on his head. Sometimes he slept on the stool three or four times a day, for just half an hour each time.
By the first half of 1880, Edison's incandescent lamp experiments still had no results, and even his assistants were discouraged. One day, he tore a piece of bamboo silk tied to the edge of a banana fan in the laboratory into filaments, and then carbonized it to make a filament. The result this time was better than all the previous experiments. This was Edison's earliest experiment. Invented the incandescent electric lamp - the bamboo filament electric lamp. This bamboo filament electric lamp continued for many years. It was not replaced until the invention of tungsten filament in 1908. The alkaline storage battery that Edison began to develop after this was very difficult, and his research spirit was even more amazing. This kind of battery is used to provide motive power. He and a selected assistant worked painstakingly for nearly ten years and experienced many hardships and failures. One moment he thought he had reached his destination, but the next moment he knew he was wrong. But Edison never wavered and started over. After about 50,000 experiments and more than 150 test notes, the goal was achieved.
Question 3: How did Edison invent the electric light? Write a 200-word essay on who invented the electric light. Edison, everyone knows this. Who knows how much effort he put in?
In the early 19th century, people used oil lamps, candles, etc. for lighting, but fires would occur if they were not careful.
In order to liberate mankind from the constraints of night, Edison was determined to make electric lights to bring light to mankind.
Edison invented the electric light and conducted more than 1,500 experiments but could not find a suitable material for electric light filament. After working tirelessly on 1,600 experiments with heat-resistant materials and more than 600 kinds of plant fibers, he created the first carbon filament bulb, which can burn for 45 hours at a time. Later, he continued to improve the production method on this basis, and finally invented a bamboo filament light bulb that could burn for 1,200 hours. This took a full 30 years.
When I was studying, I often wanted to give up when I encountered difficulties. After reading his story, I was deeply moved by Edison’s perseverance and let me know that I should not give up halfway when doing anything. You must persevere and persevere to the end.
Edison is not afraid of difficulties and his perseverance is an example for each of us to learn from!
Question 4: What was the process of Edison's invention of the electric light? Edison began to research electric lights in his early 20s. It lasted more than 10 years. He successively selected bamboo cotton, graphite, tantalum... and thousands of different materials for use. When testing filament materials, the sky was always high. Once he and his assistants worked continuously for five days and nights. In 1879, Edison used carbon filament as an incandescent filament and ignited it for 40 hours. Because the surface of carbon wire is porous and brittle, its strength is very low. Soon replaced by tungsten wire. In 1883, Edison discovered the phenomenon of thermionic emission, also known as the "Edison effect." That is, some electrons or ions near the metal surface cause them to move irregularly due to high temperature and gain enough kinetic energy to overcome the constraints on the surface and escape from the metal. The Edison effect is crucial to the operation of all vacuum tubes. The cathode, which serves as the emitting surface, is often coated with a layer of alkaline earth metal oxide to facilitate electron emission, and is heated with electric current to maintain a high temperature. In 1900, Edison invented the iron-nickel battery, which is an alkaline battery with an electromotive force of about 1.3 to 1.4 volts and a long life, but its efficiency is not high. Edison made many inventions in his life, but when others asked Edison the reason for his success, he said: Some people think that I have some genius. This is incorrect. "Genius" is one percent inspiration and ninety percent
Question 5: In addition to inventing the electric light, what else did Edison invent? Edison created 1,328 inventions in his life, the more important ones include electric lights, trams, movies, generators, electric motors, telephones, and phonographs. On October 11, 1868, he invented the "voting counter" and obtained his first patent. In October 1869, he and his friends jointly established the "Pop-Edison Company". In 1870, he invented the general-purpose printing press and sold the patent rights for US$40,000. Set up its own manufacturing plant in New York. From 1872 to 1876, he invented the electric telegraph, the automatic repeater telegraph method, the double and quadruple telegraph methods, and manufactured wax paper carbon resistors. In 1875, the resonator for acoustic analysis was invented. In 1876, a laboratory was established in Menlo Park, New Jersey - the first industrial research laboratory. It was the origin of the modern concept of a "study group." Invented the carbon rod microphone. Apply for a patent for the telegraph automatic recording machine. The early telephone invented by Bell was improved and put into practical use in Menlo Park in 1877. Obtained three patents: perforated pen, pneumatic stylus and ordinary stylus. On August 20, the phonograph, which proved to be Edison's favorite project, was invented. On April 23, 1896, the "Vita Projector" was used for the first time to show a film at Coster-Beyer's Music Hall in New York, which was warmly welcomed by the public. In 1902, a new battery was used to test vehicle power. The range was 5,000 miles and it could travel 100 miles per charge. It was a success. In 1910, the "disc record" was invented. In 1912, "talkies" were invented. Developed into a phonograph...
Question 6: In which year did Edison invent the electric light? 1879/10/31 Edison invented the electric light On October 22, 1879, Edison lit the first light An electric lamp that truly has widespread practical value. In order to extend the life of the filament, he tried again and tried more than 6,000 fiber materials before he found a new luminous body - Japanese bamboo filament, which can last for more than 1,000 hours, achieving the purpose of durability. In a way, this invention was the pinnacle achievement of Edison's life.
He then created a power supply system that allowed distant lamps to distribute power from a central power station, a major technological achievement.