Adding a small amount of emulsified wax to fatliquoring agent can improve and improve the effect of fatliquoring agent. The experiment shows that adding 1% ~ 5% wax emulsion to leather fatliquoring agent can improve the filling performance of fatliquoring agent, increase the permeability of fatliquoring agent in leather fiber, increase the waterproof performance of leather, and make leather feel smooth, soft and plump.
(2) Wax emulsion is used as an additive in leather finishing.
Adding emulsified wax into leather finishing agent mainly plays the role of filling the coating, improving the feel of the coating, wearing resistance, anti-sticking and increasing luster. In the early stage, emulsified wax was mainly prepared from beeswax, palm wax, insect wax, white wax and Meng Dan wax. The production of these waxes is limited and expensive. In recent years, it has been reported that wax emulsion for leather was prepared with paraffin as the main raw material. Using paraffin as the main raw material can greatly reduce the price of wax emulsion, and the use effect is not worse than that of natural wax. It is the main auxiliary agent of high-grade leather finishing, which can give leather special luster and waxy feeling. It can be divided into soft wax and hard wax from the purpose, which are used for the bottom, middle and top coating of leather respectively. According to the ionic properties of the emulsion, it can be divided into nonionic, anionic and cationic wax emulsions, which can be used together with finishing agents with different ionic properties. It can be made into emulsion or solid emulsified wax from dosage form. All products have good water solubility, stable emulsion, no delamination and no wax floating after long-term storage. It can be applied to the finishing of all kinds of leather, and the finished leather has soft and natural luster, full and moist hand feeling, and can improve the friction resistance of the leather surface.
(3) Emulsified wax is used as leather brightener, matting agent and hand feeling agent.
People have two requirements for the appearance of leather products. One is to increase the luster of leather, such as polished leather, patent leather and polished leather. The other is that it has no luster, which makes the leather present a sense of genuine leather and natural beauty. The former needs a brightener, while the latter needs a matting agent. When different wax emulsions are used for top coating of leather, some can increase the luster or brightness of leather, and some can produce extinction to show the charm of leather. The gloss wax emulsion has small particle size and simple composition, and forms a uniform and continuous wax film on the leather surface. Microscopically, the film is smooth and has a strong reflection on light waves, so it has a sense of luster. The extinction wax emulsion has a large particle size and forms an uneven and micro-uneven surface on the leather surface, which has a strong scattering effect on light waves, and the scattering effect is the fundamental reason for the extinction effect of the matting agent. Horticultural practice has proved that plants mainly rely on roots to absorb water, and the evaporation of water is lost from the surface of leaves. The water consumption of plants themselves is not very large. If a waterproof evaporation spray film is coated on their leaves, the evaporation of water on their leaves can be greatly reduced. Plants need less than 50% of their total water. Since the 1960s, the United States and other technologically advanced countries have adopted the method of spraying emulsified wax in agriculture to prevent fruit trees and shrubs from dying due to dehydration in winter or during transplanting and transportation. In 1970s, a large number of patents for agricultural emulsified wax appeared. Emulsified wax liquid is mainly used for:
Seedling planting-soak pine and eucalyptus seedlings in emulsified wax before planting them in the field. After treatment, the seedlings were significantly improved in bearing the influence of transplantation or resisting adverse climatic conditions. Because the evaporation of water on the surface of its leaves is reduced, its survival rate is significantly improved.
Planting of garden nursery-In the process of pruning or transplanting, emulsified wax treatment can significantly improve the survival rate. If a large number of shrubs need to be transplanted in dry season, spraying emulsified wax in advance can ensure the safety of transplantation.
Drought resistance and water conservation-seedlings and shrubs can resist the harsh drought environment well after spraying emulsified wax. After picking flowers, they can be soaked in water in advance and then treated with emulsified wax, which can obviously prolong the life of flowers. Drilling fluid plays an important role in oil drilling and production. Its main functions are:
(1) Clean the bottom hole and carry cuttings;
(2) cooling and lubricating the drill bit and drill string;
(3) forming a mud cake to protect the shaft wall;
(4) Control and balance formation pressure, etc.
Adding high-quality emulsified wax into drilling fluid can obviously improve its inhibition and lubricity, prevent well collapse and improve ROP. It can improve the scratch resistance, surface hydrophobicity, adhesion resistance and antifouling performance of the coating film, and make the coating film smoother.