Application of yolk antibody IgY in the prevention and treatment of human diseases

Anti-diarrhea Escherichia coli IgY can aggregate Escherichia coli, thus inhibiting the reproduction and growth of bacteria and promoting the clearance of Escherichia coli from the intestine. Human rotavirus (HRV) is the main pathogen causing intestinal diseases in infants. Adding anti-human rotavirus IgY to food can prevent food pollution and play a passive immune protection role for human body. In recent years, many scholars have carried out protective experiments against HRV-IgY with neonatal rats infected with HRV as models. Hatta et al. tested the anti-HRV-IgY effect of three main digestive enzymes and the protective effect of anti-HRV-IgY on HRV infection. When pepsin and IgY were incubated at pH 2.0 1h, the neutralization titer of IgY lost 100%, but when incubated at pH4 1h, the activity of IgY remained 9 1%, and even after 10h, the activity was still 60%. When IgY was incubated with trypsin and chymotrypsin for 8 hours, the activity remained 39% and 4 1%, indicating that IgY could resist the digestion of the two enzymes for a certain period of time. The pH value of gastric juice of 5-month-old infants will not cause serious loss of anti-HRV-IgY activity, so anti-HRV-IgY is added to food. It is entirely possible to provide effective passive immune protection for infants. Oral highly effective antiviral IgY for infants under 5 months and children with congenital immunodeficiency can be used for the prevention and treatment of diseases, especially for children who cannot breastfeed. But for the elderly, it is necessary to protect IgY from being destroyed by the digestive tract. Liposome embedding lgY can effectively resist the digestion of pepsin in acidic environment, making it possible for IgY to take orally to prevent and treat diseases.