If you have been engaged in related work for five years, there are two situations: 1, one-year internship period, and the practice license has been issued, so there must be an annual review, otherwise it will be handled by the agent association internally. 2, internship less than one year and no longer engaged in related work, leaving the affiliated unit (agency or patent management post) for five years, disqualification.
The above two situations are relatively rare. Generally, I will practice for one year and get a practice license. Even if you are no longer engaged in related work, you will be affiliated with this institution.
The patent agent mentioned in your second question should refer to the agent who has obtained the patent agency practice certificate, that is, the official licensee. Interns who have obtained the qualification of patent agent are bound by the relevant confidentiality agreement of the unit. The former is not allowed to apply for a patent in its own name, while the latter is illegal. Therefore, any application by both parties is invalid.