The first major case of the Republic of China that sensationalized the world-Lincheng carjacking case

In China in the 1920s, * * * changed frequently, warlords fought for power and profits, bandits ran rampant in villages, and the powers did not give up the right to make profits. According to some scholars' rough statistics, the number of bandits in Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu, Hunan, Sichuan, Guangdong and other provinces in China in the 1920s was 6014.58 million. At about 2: 50am on May 6th, 1923, about 1,000 bandits, led by Sun Meiyao, intercepted the express train from Pukou to Tianjin at Shagou to Lincheng section of Jinpu Road in Yixian County, Shandong Province. The gangsters immediately swarmed into the car and took the luggage and belongings from it. After the robbery, more than 30 passengers, including more than 200 China people, were taken to the bandit nest for redemption. This is a carjacking case near the city. Among that abduct outsiders were the wife and sis of the only son of American oil giant Rockefeller, two American officers, Powell, a journalist who was later translated into "A carjacking near the city", a Mexican couple who came for their honeymoon, a rich Italian lawyer and an Englishman who was later killed because of his escape. The case of Lincheng automobile taking foreign hostages, because of the large number of foreigners and bandits who were taken hostage and the location of the crime was an important railway artery in the east, quickly attracted strong attention from Beijing, foreign countries and all walks of life. As early as the spring of 1920, Sun Shi's uncle started an army in Baodu in the northeast of Zaozhuang, calling himself the "Shandong Founding Autonomous Army", which soon grew to several thousand people. After Bao Duzhan 1922' s first direct service, the siege of Tian Zhongyu, the governor of Shandong Province, was fruitless and the two confronted each other. 1923 In the spring, due to drought and water shortage, Sun Meiyao put all his eggs in one basket, planned robbery and kidnapped foreign tourists in an attempt to extricate his department from the predicament. Sun Fei's base area starts from Jining in the north and reaches Tongshan in Jiangsu in the south, which stretches for 700 miles and has a large population. Only those who participated in the robbery reached "more than a thousand people". Among the bandits are those who graduated from senior army schools and used to be middle-ranking officers, and their subordinates are Chinese workers who were sent back from France to fight in the war. After the incident, on May 9, the envoys of the five countries gave Beijing three days to rescue all the captured aliens, or they had to pay a certain amount of compensation every 24 hours. Beijing * * * panicked, stopped all government affairs and focused on rescuing foreigners. Under pressure from abroad, * * * negotiated with bandits. Foreign media reported that the first formal negotiation between Beijing and kidnappers was held in Zhongxing Coal Mine Company on May 15. The bandits put forward the conditions: the * * * army lifted the siege and withdrew its original line of defense; Organize the bandit troops into a brigade, with Sun Meiyao as the brigade commander; Replenish weapons. Finally, the conditions were reached to incorporate Sun's bandits into the army, make Sun a brigade commander, pay soldiers a year's salary, and release foreign tickets as much as possible. On June 27th, it was officially reorganized as the 1 1 brigade in Shandong Province, and Guo was appointed as the brigade's defense. In addition, * * * also paid part of the compensation to the victims at the request of the foreign powers, and dismissed the military and political chief of Shandong. The carjacking in Lincheng is a very representative robbery. It not only shows the content, organization and means of bandit activities, but also exposes the complex relationship among the government, warlords, foreigners and bandits. After the robbery near the city, there were many similar cases of kidnapping and carjacking in North China. Foreign tickets are regarded as "insurance", which can not only bring a lot of material wealth, but also make robbers smoothly incorporated into the regular army. After studying bandits in the Republic of China, Wu Si, a bandit historian in the Republic of China, named these groups who exchanged their lives for survival "desperate groups". The inviolable atmosphere of foreigners became a favorable position for the attackers. If the gangsters have a foreigner hostage, they will ensure that their demands can be met quickly and effectively. In the early years of the Republic of China, bandits' activities changed from simple robbery to purposeful dialogue with warlords. The carjacking case in Lincheng reflects the relationship between bandits and * * *, warlords and foreigners, and also shows the complexity of the political situation during Beijing's rule.