What are the countermeasures to prevent domestic violence?

In order to prevent domestic violence, the following legal measures should be taken: first, establish special laws and regulations against domestic violence. Opposing domestic violence is to prevent violence; The second is to punish the perpetrators after the occurrence; The third is to help women victims. How to "prevent", "sanction" and "rescue", there are various measures and models all over the country. However, the most fundamental prevention, sanctions and assistance is to establish specific laws and regulations against domestic violence. In a society ruled by law, stopping domestic violence mainly depends on the law. Without the backing of law, it is unthinkable to eliminate domestic violence. China has basically formed a legal system based on the Constitution, including the Marriage Law and the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests. However, these safeguards are from a macro perspective, and they refer to the general. For example, the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests stipulates that "discrimination, maltreatment and mutilation of women are prohibited" and "women's life and health are inviolable", but it can be said that it does not mean domestic violence. Domestic violence is a special kind of violence, because it is the relatives who commit violence, which is difficult to prevent and secretive, and its cruelty is determined by secrecy. In addition, the traditional concept regards the quarrel between husband and wife as a private matter, which is difficult to decide (honest officials can't decide housework), which gives great shelter to domestic violence that hurts women. Therefore, to prevent domestic violence, we must formulate specific and detailed laws and regulations to stop domestic violence. At the beginning of 1996, in Changsha, where "high-rise buildings throw their wives away" occurred, several provisions on preventing and stopping domestic violence were promulgated, which was the first local law against domestic violence in China. The Women's Federation of Maanshan City, Anhui Province, together with the judicial organs, resisted domestic violence and studied and formulated corresponding regulations to protect the legitimate rights and interests of women victims. Include: 1. When accepting a divorce case, the court prohibits either party from intentionally hurting the other party. If one party is injured, it will be judged according to the severity of the injury, or criminal responsibility will be investigated or due economic punishment will be given; 2. Divorced women continue to be abused and harassed by their ex-husbands, and the local police station should come forward to stop them and work together with their units to solve them. Those who violate the criminal law will be punished according to law; 3. When judging or transferring, it is stipulated that the child support fee shall be deducted from the salary by the unit to avoid the phenomenon that some women not only can't get the child support fee, but also are beaten and scolded by the man; 4. Take the housing problem as the main content of consultation and mediation, and write it into the judgment or mediation book to effectively protect the housing problem of divorced women. Admittedly, these regulations need to be improved and suitable for operation, but after all, they are specific regulations directly aimed at domestic violence. This is the prelude and preparation for our country to formulate anti-domestic violence law. Second, closely weave the network to safeguard women's rights and interests. Domestic violence is a factor of family instability and social instability, so we must strengthen publicity, education and crackdown. Bring it into the category of comprehensive social management and carry out a social system project. The whole society should weave a network to closely safeguard women's rights and interests from public opinion morality to legal mechanism, from judicial organs, communities, units and families. It is necessary to improve the social control mechanism and prevent delay. Units can't sit idly by and watch employees' domestic violence. The community should care about every family that may be violent in its jurisdiction. The community should set up corresponding institutions to manage family affairs, including those between neighbors and within the family. Law enforcement departments should attach importance to the handling of domestic violence and improve the law enforcement supervision system. It is necessary to overcome the old concept that it is difficult for honest officials to decide housework and that fighting between husband and wife is a private matter, and establish a new concept that fighting between husband and wife is a legal matter. Law enforcers should take domestic violence as their responsibility. Newspapers, television, radio and other media should strengthen the publicity and education of laws and regulations protecting women's rights and interests, expose some cases of domestic violence against women, enhance the role of public supervision, and enhance the people's consciousness and sense of responsibility in safeguarding women's rights and interests. Strengthen the coordination and supervision functions of government working committees on women and children at all levels, and women's federations at all levels should be the mothers' homes for the majority of women, effectively provide justice for women victims, optimize the family atmosphere, strengthen the construction of family ethics, create a good environment, and promote communication and harmony among family members. Form a social network of society, community, law enforcement, women's federations and families. Prevention, sanction and relief of domestic violence are interrelated and complementary. Helping and protecting women victims is another effective measure against domestic violence. After the occurrence of domestic violence, on the one hand, we should punish the perpetrators, on the other hand, we should help the injured. These are two sides of the same question. It is necessary to appease the victims and help solve some practical difficulties. On the one hand, it can reduce the degree of harm to the victims in time, on the other hand, it can also deter the perpetrators. The rescue work after domestic violence includes: for seriously injured people, the victim should be reminded to go to the hospital for examination, evidence collection, assistance in treating pain and provision of lawyers within 24 hours after being beaten; Provide psychological help to the slightly injured and coordinate the restoration of family harmony. In the long run, it is necessary to set up women's shelters, family courts and women's hotlines. For example, the "New Sun Women's Wedding Station" in Wuhan, which was listed on the day of the 95 Women's Conference, aims at reducing domestic violence, avoiding social discrimination, improving women's quality and ensuring the personal safety of unfortunate women. The station mainly creates conditions for women with unhappy marriages, and provides them with necessary accommodation, work, study and life security for their short stay here. The main function of "Shanghai Southern Rescue Center for Women and Children with Domestic Violence" is to let the victimized women get temporary shelter, so as to minimize domestic violence and danger. The Women's Federation of Tangshan City, Hebei Province established the first "Anti-Domestic Violence Association" in China, and made great efforts to change three concepts: dirty laundry should not be published, honest officials can't break housework, and minor injuries should not be investigated. Grasp three major events: the promulgation of the convention on the civilization of husband and wife; Establish a pre-marital property registration system; Increase the exposure of news media to domestic violence. At a time when we deeply feel the need to closely weave a network to safeguard women's rights and interests, it is regrettable that the first domestic violence hotline in China, jointly initiated by China Social Workers Association, Economic and Family Science Center and other four units, was forced to stop due to funding problems. For more than a year, the hotline has played a certain role in psychological comfort and helping women victims seek self-protection measures. China Women's Newspaper has played an important role in the systematic project against domestic violence. For some vicious domestic violence cases, this newspaper exposed them in time, and exposed a series of vicious domestic violence cases in a prominent position in the newspaper with incisive words, which aroused the public anger of the whole society. Changsha's "it's terrible to throw a wife in a tall building" has aroused all walks of life to crack down on domestic violence. The birth of the column "Declaring War on Domestic Violence" opened a special discussion on "Declaring War on Domestic Violence". The denunciations such as "family is not a special zone of violence", "domestic violence law can't be tolerated", "housework has laws to follow", "society should not be indifferent in the face of domestic violence", "domestic violence is not a private matter", "overcoming social cancer" and "global awareness: stopping domestic violence" are deafening and have great shock to the perpetrators. Third, women should establish the consciousness of self-protection and riot prevention. Being brave in resisting violence is the only way to eliminate it. At the same time, remember that you are fighting side by side with public opinion and law, with the conscience of women's federations and just people in the whole society. No matter whether there is violence in your family or not, every woman should establish a sense of self-protection. Because of the secrecy and privacy of family life, the best protection is yourself. The purpose of establishing self-protection awareness and prevention awareness is to reduce domestic violence to a minimum. When you fail to prevent domestic violence and are seriously injured by it, don't forget to seek legal protection. Domestic violence is the same as social violence, and the law should bring the perpetrators to justice. The action of seeking legal protection itself is also the expression of women's anti-violence consciousness. Fourth, address both the symptoms and root causes to eliminate domestic violence. Punishing domestic violence criminals and helping female victims are actions that society should take after domestic violence. Although these actions are very important, they can only be said to be palliative. Domestic violence is essentially the embodiment of gender equality consciousness in action. Achieving gender equality is the fundamental solution. To achieve equality between men and women, we must first improve women's economic status. Only when women are economically independent can they get rid of their dependence on men in the family. In recent years, the increase of family divorce and domestic violence of laid-off women workers is proof. Improving women's economic status in the family is the best material basis to combat domestic violence. Secondly, we should improve the political status of women in the whole society. We should vigorously publicize the basic national policy of equality between men and women, so that the national policy of equality between men and women is as deeply rooted in the hearts of the people as the national policies of family planning and environmental protection. This must also strengthen legislation. After the 95th Women's Conference, the family focus of global concern-anti-domestic violence, China society is taking action. These actions include: the laws against domestic violence are constantly improving; The judicial guarantee system for punishing crimes of violence against women was initially established; In the action of prohibiting abducted women from being forced into marriage and rescuing abducted women, the public security organs go all out; Except for a few provinces, almost all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government have set up institutions to protect women's rights and interests; Non-governmental organizations, grass-roots administrative units and community organizations have played an important role in preventing domestic violence; The active propaganda of the media and the exposure and follow-up reports on domestic violence have made public opinion condemn domestic violence in the whole society, which has made the perpetrators fall into the fear of condemnation in the whole society and educated a lot. Women are victims of domestic violence, and the domestic violence law does not allow it! Preventing and punishing offenders, improving legislation, assisting and protecting women victims are becoming the consensus of the whole society. Countermeasures to eliminate and punish domestic violence: First, make full use of the existing legal framework to stop and punish domestic violence. China's existing laws and regulations to protect the rights and interests of women, the elderly and children are scattered in the Constitution, General Principles of Civil Law, Criminal Law, Regulations on Administrative Penalties for Public Security, Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly, Law on the Protection of Minors, Marriage Law and other laws and regulations. To eliminate domestic violence, it is necessary to gradually improve these relevant laws and regulations and provide adequate and effective legal relief for victims. For example, the establishment of separation system, as a supplement to cohabitation system, can not only alleviate the contradiction between husband and wife and avoid hasty divorce, but also play a positive role in preventing marital violence and criminal cases caused by it; In civil law, because domestic violence is handled from the perspective of infringement, the injured party is given the right to claim civil compensation, and the injured party has the right to demand to stop the infringement, apologize and compensate for the losses (including mental compensation). Secondly, establish a multi-level and multi-agency social support system. 1, give full play to the mediation role of organizations such as grassroots neighborhood committees. 2, emphasize the responsibility of law enforcement agencies to intervene in time and effectively stop. 3. Establish social assistance institutions similar to foreign women's shelters. Help victims get rid of domestic violence in time. Third, strengthen moral education, improve the quality of the whole people and establish a good fashion.