After the founding of New China, according to the Organic Law of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Justice of the Central People's Government was established on10.30/949. 1954 After the promulgation of the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC), it was renamed the Ministry of Justice of the People's Republic of China.
Ethnicity
1949 On September 27th, the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference passed the Organic Law of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Article 10 of the Law stipulates that the State Council shall establish the Ministry of Justice, which is the national judicial administrative organ and is in charge of judicial administration throughout the country.
19491October 30th, the Ministry of Justice of the Central People's Government was established according to the Organic Law of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China.
1949 12.20 The Central People's Government Committee approved the regulations of the Ministry of Justice of the Central People's Government on trial organization.
By 1950, judicial administrative organs at all levels in China have done a lot of work in reforming the old judicial system, establishing and perfecting local people's courts at all levels, establishing a lawyer notarization system, establishing a university of political science and law, cultivating legal professionals, training judicial cadres, and carrying out legal publicity, which has made positive contributions to consolidating people's democratic political power and promoting socialist revolution and construction.
1952 16 in July, the central judicial reform office composed of the Ministry of Justice and the Supreme People's Court was established in the Central Ministry of Justice.
From April 65438 to April 0953, after the second national judicial work conference, the central Ministry of Justice was restructured, including the general office, the general court management department, the special court management department, the cadre management education department, the legal publicity department and the special committee office.
1954 On August 3rd, with the cancellation of the Ministry of Justice in major administrative regions and regions, the Ministry of Justice issued the Opinions on the Separation of Judicial Organs and Judicial Administrative Organs in Provinces and Municipalities directly under the Central Government, requiring Hebei, Shanxi and other provinces 18 and Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai to immediately set up judicial departments (bureaus), and other provinces gradually set up judicial departments to preside over judicial administration.
1954 On September 2 1, the first session of the First National People's Congress passed the Organic Law of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, and the Ministry of Justice of the People's Republic of China was renamed the Ministry of Justice of the People's Republic of China. At the same time, the Ministry of Justice has been established in major administrative regions of China. After the revocation of the great administrative region, the judicial departments, bureaus and regions of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities were established one after another.
1955165438+1on October 2nd, the 26th ministerial meeting of the Ministry of Justice decided to improve the working methods and adjust the organization, and the organization was changed to general office, ordinary court management department, traffic court management department, personnel department, education department, notary lawyer department and law compilation department.
1957 On August 9th, the 56th plenary meeting of the State Council decided to abolish the national railway transport court and the water transport court, and accordingly, the Ministry of Justice also abolished the transport court management department.
From June 1958 to August 20th, the leading members of the Ministry of Justice were wrongly criticized at the Fourth National Judicial Work Conference.
From 65438 to 0959, the national judicial administrative organs were abolished until the end of the Cultural Revolution, which lasted for 20 years.
1979 In September, the Standing Committee of the Fifth NPC decided to strengthen the national judicial administration and rebuild the Ministry of Justice.
1979 10 the central government and the State Council issued the notice on the rapid establishment of local judicial administrative organs. China's judicial administration has opened a new chapter of healthy development.
1980 14 On April 4th, the State Council approved the establishment of the Legal Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Justice to be responsible for the compilation of laws and regulations.
1981May 12, the State Council approved the establishment of the Foreign Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Justice to take charge of judicial foreign affairs throughout the country.
1982 the functions of the Ministry of justice have been adjusted, and the judicial administration of the courts has been placed under the jurisdiction of the courts themselves; The compilation of laws and regulations shall be undertaken by the Legislative Affairs Bureau of the State Council General Office.
From 65438 to 0983, prisons and reeducation through labor were placed under the management of the Ministry of Public Security.
On June 1984, the State Council approved the Ministry of Justice to set up the Audit Office.
1984 In August, the Central School of Political Science and Law Management directly under the Ministry of Justice was established, formerly known as the former Central Cadre College of Political Science and Law. /kloc-0 was incorporated into China university of political science and law in may, 1983, and/kloc-0 was established independently in August, 1984.
1September 7, 984, the State Council approved the Ministry of Justice to restore the Ministry of Finance.
1in June, 1987, the State Council approved the establishment of the Judicial Assistance Bureau by the Ministry of Justice to uniformly lead and manage the judicial assistance work between China and other countries.
1988,10125 October, the "three decisions" plan of the Ministry of Justice approved by the State Editorial Committee changed the organizational structure to general office, education department, labor reform administration, reeducation-through-labor administration, propaganda department, lawyer department, notary office, grass-roots work department, foreign affairs office, judicial assistance office, laws and regulations office, and so on.
1994 April 10, Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Functional Allocation, Internal Structure and Staffing Plan of the Ministry of Justice confirmed that the Ministry of Justice is the functional department in charge of judicial administration in the State Council.
1Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Provisions on the Function Allocation, Internal Organizations and Staffing of the Ministry of Justice on June 24, 1998 determines that: "The Ministry of Justice is an integral part of the national judicial administration in the State Council."
20011121,a new judicial examination department was established in the Ministry of Justice.
major duty
According to the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Provisions on the Internal Structure and Staffing of the Ministry of Justice (Guo Ban Fa [2008] No.64), the Ministry of Justice mainly undertakes the following functions:
(a) to formulate the principles and policies of judicial administration, draft relevant laws and regulations, formulate departmental rules, formulate development plans for judicial administration and organize their implementation;
(2) To be responsible for the management of prisons throughout the country and assume corresponding responsibilities, and to supervise and manage the execution of punishment and the reform of criminals;
(three) responsible for guiding and supervising the management of drug rehabilitation places in the judicial administrative system;
(four) to draw up the national legal popularization plan and organize its implementation, and to guide the legal publicity, governance according to law and foreign legal publicity in all localities and industries;
(five) to be responsible for guiding and supervising lawyers and notaries, and to bear corresponding responsibilities, and to be responsible for the entrustment and management of lawyers from Hong Kong and Macao as entrusted notaries;
(six) to supervise and manage the legal aid work throughout the country;
(seven) to guide and supervise the construction of grassroots judicial offices and people's mediation, community correction, grassroots legal services and assistance and education;
(8) Organizing the implementation of the national judicial examination;
(nine) to be responsible for the registration and management of judicial authenticators and judicial authentication institutions throughout the country;
(ten) to participate in the drafting and negotiation of relevant international judicial assistance treaties, and to perform the relevant duties of the central authorities as stipulated in the judicial assistance treaties;
(eleven) to guide the foreign exchange and cooperation of the judicial administrative system, organize and participate in the exchange activities between the United Nations crime prevention organization and the criminal justice field, and undertake the judicial administrative affairs involving Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan;
(twelve) to be responsible for the management of guns, ammunition, clothing and police cars in the judicial administrative system, and to guide and supervise the financial planning of the judicial administrative system;
(thirteen) to guide and supervise the construction of the judicial administrative team and the construction of ideological style and work style, to be responsible for the police management and supervision of the judicial administrative system, and to assist the leading cadres of the judicial departments (bureaus) of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government;
(fourteen) to undertake other tasks assigned by the State Council.
system
functional institution
The Ministry of Justice has 16 functional institutions: general office, political department, prison administration, drug rehabilitation administration, community correction administration, legal publicity department, lawyer notarization guidance department, legal aid work department, grass-roots work guidance department, national judicial examination department, judicial expertise administration, legal department, judicial assistance foreign affairs department, financial equipment department, government party committee and retired cadres bureau.
Directly affiliated unit
The Ministry of Justice has 22 directly affiliated units: Information Center of the Ministry of Justice, Judicial Research Institute (Research Office), Office Service Center, Yancheng Prison, Legal Aid Center, Coal Mine Administration Bureau directly under the Ministry, Crime Prevention Institute, Legal Daily, Law Publishing House, all china lawyers association, China Notary Association, China Prison Work Association, China Judicial Administration Drug Rehabilitation Association, Central Judicial Police College, Judicial Administration College, National Judicial Examination Center, China Legal Aid Foundation, Judicial Aid Exchange Center, Institute of Forensic Science and Technology of China Legal Service (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd., China Legal Service (Macau) Company, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Legal Training Exchange Center of the Ministry of Justice.
Resident organization
The Ministry of Justice has 1 accredited organization: Supervision Bureau of Discipline Inspection Group of the Ministry.
Local offices and bureaus
There are 30 local departments and bureaus under the Ministry of Justice: Beijing Municipal Bureau of Justice, Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Justice, Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Justice, Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Justice, Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Justice, Jilin Provincial Department of Justice, Liaoning Provincial Department of Justice, Hebei Provincial Department of Justice, Shanxi Provincial Department of Justice, Shaanxi Provincial Department of Justice, Gansu Provincial Department of Justice, Qinghai Provincial Department of Justice, Shandong Provincial Department of Justice, Henan Provincial Department of Justice, Hubei Provincial Department of Justice, Hunan Provincial Department of Justice, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Justice, etc. Fujian Provincial Department of Justice, Anhui Provincial Department of Justice, Guangdong Provincial Department of Justice, Guizhou Provincial Department of Justice, Yunnan Provincial Department of Justice, Hainan Provincial Department of Justice, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Department of Justice, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Department of Justice, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Department of Justice, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Department of Justice, Xizang Autonomous Region Department of Justice.