The Qing government resumed sending ministers to participate in the Mongolian alliance system
On August 11, the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802), at the request of Prince Yunduan Dorji of Mongolia, Emperor Jiaqing Agree to resume sending ministers to participate in the Mongolian League system. The alliance system was an important measure used by the Qing Dynasty to rule Mongolia. The Qing government stipulated that a flag or several flags should be merged into an alliance and the alliance should be held at a designated place. Each alliance has a leader to handle alliance affairs. The leader of the alliance is elected by the leaders of each banner in the alliance, reports to the imperial edict of the Qing Dynasty, and is granted the title by the imperial edict. The alliance ceremony was very solemn, and the Qing government sent ministers and accompanying officials there. In the 16th year of Qianlong's reign (1751), Emperor Qianlong stopped sending ministers to participate in the alliance for fear of disturbing the various Mongolian tribes. This time the Qing government resumed the system of sending ministers to participate in the Mongolian alliance. At that time, it was specifically decided that Saiyinnuoyan and Zhasaktuhan from Mobei Mongolia would meet at Ulia Sutai to handle the alliance together with the left deputy general of Dingbian; The affairs of Tushetu Khan and Chechen Khan were settled at the Kulun League and were handled jointly with the Kulun Minister. The main tasks of the alliance are to conduct simple military exercises, conduct military parades and border defenses, sort out criminal names, and review military records. Simple and interesting military exercises include reviewing soldiers, including repairing equipment, practicing riding and shooting, etc. Patrolling the border were the garrisons of Ulyasutai, Khovd and other places as well as the camel, horse, cattle and sheep ranches established by the Qing government in Mongolia. Clearing criminal names means hearing criminal cases. Compilation and review of the Ding Register means counting household registrations and compiling and selecting the able-bodied men.
The Gou Civilization Department of the Jiaojun rushed across the Han River from Xixiang and entered Nanshan. The number of soldiers in the counties in northeastern Sichuan increased. Hubei Fan Renjie and others moved to the mountainous areas of northwest Hubei. Only a few branches of the teaching army still have considerable strength. In March, Lebao defeated the teaching army in northern Sichuan and killed Zhang Tianlun and others. In April, Liu Qing destroyed the remaining troops in Guangyuan. In June, Delengtai defeated Fan Renjie in Zhushan, and Renjie threw himself into the river and died. In July, Delengtai pursued and killed Gou Wenming in Huashiyan (now west of Xiaoyi Hall, Zhashui, Shaanxi). In December, the Sichuan-Chu rebel army was not large, and the rest retreated into the mountains and forests. The Qing government announced the annihilation of troops.
Guangdong Boluo Tiandihui Uprising
In September of the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802), the leaders of the Tiandihui in Boluo County, Guangdong, including Chen Laigui and Zhang Jinxiu, led an uprising. With their heads wrapped in red cloth and holding official flags, more than ten thousand people occupied the mountainous terrain. Emperor Jiaqing heard the report and ordered Governor Ji Qing and Admiral Hutuli to mobilize troops to attack. On the 23rd, the rebel marshal Zhang Jingxiu was captured. On October 5, Chen Rao was killed in battle at Luodu Mountain. The uprising spread to Dongguan, Boluo, Shilong, Zengcheng, Guishan, Longmen, Heyuan, Yongan (now Zijin, Guangdong) and other places. The rebel troops posted couplets everywhere and wrote on the side: Carrying a sword on my back and carrying a wooden stick to fight against the country; Heroes and heroes rule the world, thousands of miles of country and country are round; Fighting for the sky and the country, one branch, betraying the army and dying with the sword ; The town of Gaogang is a sect, with thousands of streams and mountains facing the sea, and three rivers converging and flowing for thousands of years; the Qinghong Mansion in the east of the white clouds, the sky illuminates the ancestral home; the floating light shakes and shadows leave no trace, and everything still looks red; the sun shines on the west river and reflects Beidou was once the true flood of Shigu Ti. In addition, the rebel army also publicized the eight prayers: the first bow to the king of alliance, Baoming, the second bow to the God of Heaven, the third bow to the public servant for courage and loyalty, the fourth bow to send relatives from all over the world, the fifth bow to brotherhood like a green dragon, and the sixth bow to recruit talents and gather heroes. , seven times to pay homage to Duke Zhongyi to wait for the throne, eight times to pay homage to the Emperor and then be crowned king. After the Tiandihui uprising, because Ji Qing, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, neglected defense, he was removed from the position of co-organizer of the Emperor Jiaqing and dismissed from the post of governor. He committed suicide soon after.
Heng Zhabang led the uprising
In February of the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802), Heng Zhabang, a farmer from Weixi Hall (today's Weixi) in Lijiang Prefecture, Yunnan, led the uprising. Nu and Bai Three to four thousand people of various ethnic groups, including Han, Naxi, and others, revolted against the Qing Dynasty. They armed themselves with weapons and burned the stronghold to resist the officers and soldiers. When Emperor Jiaqing heard the report, he immediately ordered Langgan, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, to send troops to attack. Thousands of Qing soldiers, including Tengpai soldiers, participated in the suppression of the rebels. In May, the Kangbu village occupied by the rebels was captured by the Qing army, and the rebel leader Ragib was captured. Heng Zhaneng led the rebel army to continue the struggle. In October of the eighth year of Jiaqing, Hengzhatian was captured by the Qing army, and the uprising ultimately failed.