Legal analysis
15-year-old excessive defense causes serious injuries, and should be given a lighter or mitigated punishment. Self-defense is a limited act to prevent the public interest, the personal and other rights of oneself or others from being infringed, and to cause certain damage to the perpetrator who engages in illegal infringement. Therefore, there are four conditions for justifiable defense: it must be directed against unlawful infringement, it must be directed against ongoing unlawful infringement, and it must be directed against those who commit unlawful infringement, and the defense cannot exceed the necessary limit. Pay special attention to the second point, which is aimed at the ongoing illegal infringement. If the unlawful infringement has stopped, it is not considered as self-defense. And fighting between the two sides is not self-defense. If justifiable defense exceeds the necessary limit and causes undue damage, the justifiable defender shall bear corresponding responsibilities. There is a difference between justifiable defense in civil law and justifiable defense in criminal law. In criminal law, justifiable defense is a legitimate counterattack against the infringer, while in civil law, justifiable defense can be a counterattack against other people's property. Criminal law and civil law have different responsibilities and consequences for self-defense. Self-defense itself is legal, so even if it causes damage to the infringer, it does not have to bear the liability for compensation. However, if the defender mistakenly believes that there is justifiable defense or that the defense exceeds the necessary limit and the defense is excessive, he shall bear civil liability, such as tort liability. Appropriateness here means only taking responsibility for the damage caused by acts that exceed the defense limit. Self-defense must be carried out by the infringed person or a third person, and it has a sense of defense, which is objectively necessary and does not belong to the defense of abuse of rights.
legal ground
Article 181 of the Civil Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) shall not bear civil liability for damage caused by justifiable defense. If justifiable defense exceeds the necessary limit and causes undue damage, the justifiable defender shall bear corresponding civil liability.