The surname Shā has six origins:
1. The surname comes from the son, who is a descendant of Wangtang, and the surname is named after the place. At the end of the Shang Dynasty, Shu Xiongkai (Aqi) of Yin was granted the title of Wei, and he was called Wei Zi in the world. After the King of Wu negotiated with the Shang Dynasty, he granted the title of Wei Zi to Shangqiu and established the Song Dynasty. Some of Weizi's descendants were sealed in the land of sand, which is east of today's Daming County in Hebei Province. They took their place name as their surname and became Shashi.
2, from Shennong, after Emperor Yan. When Emperor Yan was the leader of the tribe, he had a minister named Sha. Later, the province's surname was changed to Sha.
3. Taking Guo as the surname, there was a Shahou State in the Western Zhou Dynasty, located in She County, Hebei. The name of She County was changed from Sha County in the Western Han Dynasty, and the people living there took Sha as their surname.
4. It was modified by Sha Sui. Shasui was the territory of the Song Dynasty during the Spring and Autumn Period, located northeast of Ningling, Henan Province. According to the records of "Spring and Autumn", Hui Jin became a prince in Sha, which refers to this place, in the sixteenth year of his entry into office. In ancient times, when princes lost their country or title, they were called the Gongsha clan or the Shasui clan, and their descendants were called the Sha clan.
5. There is a sand in the history of Bailuo (now North Korea).
6. Sha is the most popular surname among the Hui people. Therefore, "Thousands of Family Surnames" says: "Today the Hui people have this surname and cannot belong to the same family." Most of the surnames are taken from the classic initial consonants and finals. For example, Shaquan in the early Yuan Dynasty, his "father was Sha, who lived in the desert... (Sha) was named Chao Erchi at the beginning. He was only five years old and was captured... In the eighteenth year, in Liu's panorama Under the formula, people in the Song Dynasty took their father's surname as Sha, so they took Sha as their surname. "(Yuan History) Another example is, "The descendants of Ma and Ma Sha or Aslan Shah or Mubar Shah are all named Sha" (On Muslims). There are many names with "sha" in the names of the Hui people. For example, "History of the New Yuan Dynasty" was also reported by Hedir: "It is also Hedir, a native of the Western Regions... Mazi Musa... Simersha, the second muba person Sarah... the second full It was Lusha...the second time it was Argonsha." That's where the surname Sha comes from. Furthermore, "In Persian meaning, Sha is king. Just like the Turkic languages ??call the king Khan. For example, in the Kingdom of Persia, it used to be called "Shainsha", which means "King of Kings"... Therefore, I It is believed that the origin of the surname Sha comes from Persia. "(Research on Uighur surnames) There are also given surnames in the surname Sha. For example, "I left the class and returned from Guli. I attached myself to Wei Jinyi, the governor of Nanjing. In the fifth year of Xuanzong's Xuande reign (1430), he went to the Western Regions as an envoy. He moved thousands of meritorious households and gave them the surname of Sha and the name of class." (Muslim History and Islamic Culture) At that time, Another reason why Sheban’s surname is Sha is that “She” and “Sha” are homophonic. The surname Sha is also one of the "Thirteen Surnames of the Hui Nationality". The Hui people with the surname Sha are mainly distributed in the northwest, Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas.
★★★★Ancestor: Shennong. Judging from the records in the Genealogy of Ten Thousand Surnames and the Textual Research of Hundred Family Surnames, the Shasui family originated from Baekje, an ancient country on the Korean Peninsula established during the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the Han Dynasty, there was a man named Sha Gongmu, and his descendants took Sha as their surname in the public family. By then, that is, 1,300 years ago, Baekje was destroyed by the Tang Dynasty, and the Baekje people became Chinese people. The Sha family of Baekje naturally became a Chinese surname. However, for a long time, among the many foreign surnames that have appeared in the history of our country, Sha is the surname. In fact, this is not only the case for Baekje, but also for several other people in Xia, such as Shatuo, Shashi. From this point of view, the organization of the Sha family in my country is quite complicated. Some are descendants of the Baekje tribe in the northeast, some are descendants of the Xianbei tribe (Shatuo tribe) in the north, and some are descendants of the northwest Turkic tribe (Jinsha tribe). The descendants of the Sha family regard Shennong as the ancestor of the Sha surname.
Second, migration distribution
(None) The surname Sha is not among the top 100 surnames in Taiwan Province. As early as ancient times, it was said that Shennong had a tribe called Sha, and his descendants took "Sha" as their surname. Wei was the first emperor of the Zhou Dynasty and Song Dynasty, and some of his descendants took Sha as their surname. In addition, in ancient times, if a monarch of a vassal state lost his vassal state, he would be called "Gongsha". The descendants of the monarchs of these vassal states may change their surname to Sha to commemorate the lost state. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a senior official in the Song Dynasty was sealed in a place called Sha (today's east of Daming County, Hebei Province). His descendants took the name of this place and called it Sha. The Sha family lived in Dongguan County (now Yishui, Shandong) and Runan County (sixty miles southeast of today's Runan County, Henan).
Third, historical celebrities
Sha Yu: During the Ming Dynasty, she participated in the county magistrate's office and urged the people to prepare for plowing and harvesting. The participating people had no worries about food and clothing. When the crops are ripe, overseers harvest them day and night. It’s not over yet, it’s as big as a moth flying into a flame, and the crops are almost gone, and the people involved in the case can’t be saved.
Sha: A famous general in the Northern Song Dynasty, an outstanding military strategist. He was from Shexian County, Hebei Province. He once served as the governor of Dongguan Prefecture. In 1127, he protected Dunan, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, and knew the five continents. The Miao people in Guangxi rebelled and changed their name to Yizhou, and Pingyi Army One hundred thousand, kill the leader Mo Wencha, Guangxi Hechi has "white soil flat full of monuments", which is his joy. He is the ancestor of Shashi in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, followed by Sha Shenzhi and Sha Yuanbing.
Sha: The magistrate of Xincheng in the Ming Dynasty was an upright and honest man who cared about the people and had deep feelings for the school. After a while, the people had no worries about food and clothing. If there were no lawsuits, the people would wear them.
Sha Shuyu: A physician in the Qing Dynasty, a native of Dantu County, Jiangsu Province (now Zhenjiang). He is proficient in internal medicine, surgery, and laryngology, and enjoys a high reputation throughout the country. He is the author of medical works such as "Introduction to Original Medicine" and "Orthopedics Selection Supplement".
Sha: A great calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty, he was famous for his bold and bold calligraphy and was highly respected in the world of calligraphy and painting.
Sha: courtesy name Jian'an (1864-1927), his ancestor was from Shapingbei, Rugao, and he had a scholarly family for generations. He is extremely talented and diligent in studying. He won the rural examination in 1891 and the following year he would be elected as Gong. In 1894, he passed the Imperial Examination. It won the appreciation of Weng Tonghe, the imperial censor, and was recommended by Weng to study in a general museum and was edited by the Hanlin Academy. Just as he was about to express his ambitions, the "1898 Coup" occurred that shocked the country. Faced with the enthusiasm of the reformists, he resigned and returned to his hometown on the grounds that his parents were old and changed the "Siyintang" in his study to "Zhixitang". From then on, he devoted himself to setting up industry and benefiting his hometown. As a reformist, Shah advocated "opening up the people's wisdom, resisting aggression, seeking prosperity and strength, avenging national humiliation, and revitalizing China." He believes that to save the country, we must revitalize education and cultivate professional talents with "the truth of all things". To this end, he was determined to start by establishing a normal school and solve the problem of teachers first. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was abolished and the school was revitalized. He and Zhang Fan planned to establish Rugao Normal School and invited Zhang Jian to wait in Rugao to discuss relevant matters. After he traveled around, hired teachers, raised funds, inspected school sites, and planned school buildings, he officially started teaching in September, 1903. Rugao Normal School is the earliest public normal school in China. After that, he also founded the Rugao Normal College Affiliated Higher Primary School and the Rugao Private Category B Business College. Under the influence of the trend of "saving the country through industry", he followed Zhang Jian to establish industry. He invested in Shengda Cotton Mill, Guangsheng Oil Factory, Xinsheng Flour Mill and Zizhu Iron Factory in Nantong. It has also invested in Shanghai Yangtze River Dada Shipping Company, Yangtong Inland River Shipping Company and Coastal Reclamation Company. In Rugao, he raised funds to establish the Guangfeng Cured Ham Company in 1895 and hired Master Lanxi to be responsible for Rugao's cured ham processing. The ham produced is as famous as Jinhua ham and is exported to the United States. After that, he also raised funds to establish Gaoming Electric Lighting Company, Rugao Public Hospital, Dingfeng Mill, Yuru Bank, and Guangsheng Dezhong Pharmacy. After the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, he was elected as the Civil Affairs Director of Rugao County. In 1913, he was re-elected as Speaker of the Jiangsu Provincial Assembly, but he insisted on resigning. Later, he served successively as the president of the Rugao County Water Conservancy Association, director of the Qingzhang Bureau, and director of the Fund Production Department. He presided over the compilation of "Rugao County Chronicles" and the "Zhixitang Poetry Collection" which has been passed down from generation to generation.
Fourth, county office number
Wang Jun 1
According to the records of "Hundred Family Surnames in Counties and Counties", the sand came out to look at Runan County. There is also a record in "A Survey of Surnames": Looking out to Dongguan and Runan.
Runan County: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is located south of the central part of Henan Province and north of the Huaihe River in Anhui Province.
Dongguan County: The county was established in the first year of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty (AD 265). It is equivalent to the Yishui area in Shandong today. That is the old place of Chengyang County in the Han Dynasty.
2. Hall number
Jimin Hall: When Sha Yu in the Ming Dynasty was the magistrate of She County, he held banquets for rich peasants and personally invited them to sign loan contracts. The money was given to the poor to buy farm tools and raise cattle, to supervise the people to treat their diseases, and the male workers planted an acre of vegetables to prepare for the shortage. As a result, the people of Shexian County will have no worries about food and clothing. When the crops were ripe, he personally went to the countryside to collect them day and night. Before the harvest, the locusts were so big that they ate up all the crops in neighboring counties, so She County was saved.
In addition, the main hall names of the surname Sha include: "Runan Hall" and so on.
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Shaxing Temple General Couplet
"Shaxing Temple Four-Character Couplet"
Looking out from Dongguan;
From Yan Chen.
——The anonymous writing of the Shaxing Temple General Coupon
The Quanliandian refers to the county name and origin of the Sha family (see the above-mentioned book titles "No. 4 County Hall" and " Introduction to the "Origin of the First Surname").
Historical Records of Runan;
Jiasheng, Dongguan.
——Anonymous writing by the Shaxing Temple General Federation
The All-China General Federation refers to the name of Sha’s county. According to the "Textual Research on Surnames", Sha family looked out to Dongguan and Runan.
A famous family in Runan;
Zong Hua is in Dongguan.
——Anonymous writing of the General Association of Shaxing Temple
Same as above.
Yunzhou Festival;
You should be the king of the city.
——The anonymous writing of the General Couplet of Shaxing Temple
The couplet refers to Sha Yanxun, a native of the Tang Dynasty, who was an official in Yunzhou and had outstanding military exploits. The second couplet is about Sha of the Song Dynasty. He was famous for his bravery and once defended Yizhou.
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Shaxing Temple Five-Character Universal Couplet
How can it be customized?
Don’t be aggressive.
——"Sha's Ancestral Hall General Couplet" written by Sha Shenzhi of the Qing Dynasty
This couplet was written by Sha, a calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty.
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[Ancestral Hall with the surname Sha with more than seven words]
The envoy king of Yishi is named Brave;
Yunzhou is prosperous , to develop alone.
——The anonymous writing of Shaxing Temple General Couplet
The first couplet refers to Sha Song Shijian’s defensive battle for Yizhou. He was famous for his bravery. The second couplet refers to Sha Yanxun of Tang Dynasty, which is when we were in Yunzhou.
Convince farmers to work hard and protect them from Lebanon;
Run schools and teach, and county residents will have no worries.
——Anonymous writing from the General Union of Shaxing Temple
The couplet indicates that Shayu, the prefect of She County in the dynasty, was farming and harvesting, and the people involved had enough food and clothing. The crops were ripe, and the people harvested during the day. Before the harvest was completed, the locusts were so large that the neighboring cities ran out of food, and the people involved were saved. The second couplet is Sha, the prefect of Xincheng in the Ming Dynasty. He was honest and prudent, dedicated to the people, and had deep feelings for the school.
Tolerance is a clumsy, romantic star;
Being noble, broad-minded, and superior to others.
——The anonymous writing of the general couplet of Shaxing Temple
The couplet refers to the famous general Sha Jinwei of the Han Dynasty. The second couplet refers to the famous shaman of the Jin Dynasty.
A brief introduction to the life of General Sha, the founding general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army
Major General Sha Feng
Sha Feng (1917-), formerly known as Lu Ji, was born in Xinchang County, Zhejiang. Joined the Eighth Route Army in 1937. In 1938, he joined the Communist Party of China.
During the Anti-Japanese War, he served as political instructor and battalion commander of the Xiaoxian Station Battalion in the Henan-Anhui-Jiangsu Border Region, deputy commander of the 1st Regiment of the Jiangsu-Anhui Column, commander of the 9th Brigade of the 1st Division of the New Fourth Army and director of the Staff Office.
During the War of Liberation, he served as commander of the 18th Regiment of the 6th Division of the 2nd Column of the East China Field Army, chief of staff of the division, deputy commander of the 21st Division of the 63rd Division of the 3rd Field Army, and commander of the 1st Special Forces Column Tank Regiment.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he successively served as deputy commander and division commander of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, director of the Armored Forces Technology Department, vice-president of the First Tank School, deputy dean and dean of the Armored Forces Engineering College, and deputy director of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Armored Forces. Commander and Chief of Staff, Minister of Agriculture and Forestry of the State Council, Deputy Commander of the Armored Forces of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Representative of the 10th and 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
He was awarded the rank of colonel in 1955 and promoted to the rank of major general in 1964. Won the Second Class Medal of Independence and Freedom and the Second Class Medal of Liberation.
Major General Sha Ke
Sha Ke (1907-1993), a native of Dandong City, Liaoning Province, graduated from Wujiang Hall of the Northeast Army in 1927.
He once served as the adjutant and company commander of the 647th Regiment of the 53rd Army of the Northeast Army, and the adjutant and acting battalion commander of the 691st Regiment. In 1936, he joined the Northeast Armed Comrades Anti-Japanese and National Salvation Pioneers. In 1937, he joined the Communist Party of China.
During the Anti-Japanese War, he successively served as the commander of the Special Forces of the Jizhong People's Self-Defense Force, the commander of the 3rd Military Division of the Jizhong Military Region, the director of the Staff Division of the Jizhong Military Region Headquarters, and the deputy chief of staff and staff officer of the Jizhong Military Region. Chief of Staff, Deputy Chief of Staff of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region.
During the War of Liberation, he served successively as deputy commander and chief of staff of the Jire-Liao Military Region, deputy commander of the Andong Military Region, chief of staff of the Liaodong Military Region, deputy commander of the 4th Column of the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army, and commander of the Andong Military Region. , deputy commander of the 3rd Column of the Northeast Field Army, and commander of the 2nd Artillery Division of the 4th Field Army Special Forces Headquarters.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he successively served as deputy minister of the Air Force Training Department, minister of the Military Training Department, and deputy president of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force Academy.
In 1955, he was awarded the rank of major general. Received the First Class Independence Medal of Freedom and the First Class Liberation Medal. In July 1988, the Chinese People's Liberation Army was awarded the first-class Red Star Meritorious Service Medal by the Central Military Commission. Died in 1993 at the age of 86.
Brief introduction of senior leaders of the People's Republic of China
Minister Sha Li Qian.
Sha Liqian (1901. 6. 12-1982. 4. 26), formerly known as Sha Zhongyuan and Sha Chongyuan, was born in Shanghai, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Influenced by the May 4th Movement when he was young, he actively participated in the patriotic student movement. After graduating from high school, he was admitted to Shanghai Law School and edited the publication "Youth Friends". After graduating from university, he worked as a lawyer in Shanghai and Chongqing for a long time. In 1938, he joined the Communist Party of China.
During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, after the "September 18th Incident" in 1931, he joined the underground peripheral organizations of the Communist Party of China and successively initiated the establishment of the Shanghai National Salvation Federation, the National Salvation Federation and other Shanghai professional national salvation associations, and was elected as the executive director, Member of the Standing Committee, editor-in-chief of "Life Knowledge" and "National Salvation Weekly". 1936 165438 On October 22, Shen Junru, Zhang Naiqi, Zou Taofen, Li Gongpu, Wang Zaoshi, Shi Liang and other famous patriots were arrested and imprisoned by the reactionary Kuomintang authorities for actively participating in anti-Japanese and national salvation activities. They were one of the famous overseas "Seven Gentlemen" . People from all walks of life across the country were shocked and vigorously rescued. On July 7, 1937, the Anti-Japanese War broke out, and the situation at home and abroad changed drastically. On the 31st, due to the situation, the Kuomintang authorities found it difficult to continue the trial of the case of the seven people and had no choice but to "release them on bail pending trial." The Seven Gentlemen were successfully released from prison amidst the majestic military music and cheers.
During the Anti-Japanese War, there were no publicly identified Communist Party members in Chongqing. He once worked in the China Industrial Cooperation Association founded by his international friend Alley; Comrade He Wei of the National Salvation Association founded the China Construction Machinery Factory and participated in the founding of the China Economic Society; he initiated the constitutional movement with Shen Junru and other leaders of the National Salvation Association and organized China's economic undertakings The promotion association defends persecuted progressive people and groups, upholds justice, and unites in the war of resistance.
During the War of Liberation, he returned to Shanghai to establish the Shanghai branch of the National Salvation Association, participated in organizing the Shanghai Federation of People's Organizations, promoted the democratic movement, served as a lawyer to defend persecuted progressives, and opposed the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang. After 1947, he went to Hong Kong to participate in the leadership work of the Chinese National Salvation Association. In the winter of 1948, we entered the Northeast Liberated Area. From 65438 to 0949, he took over Shanghai with the Chinese People's Liberation Army and served as deputy secretary-general of the Municipal Military Control Commission and deputy secretary-general of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government. In September of the same year, he went to Peking to attend the first Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference as a representative of the National Salvation Association.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he successively served as Deputy Minister of Trade of the Central People's Government, Minister of Local Industry, Minister of Light Industry, Minister of Food, Deputy Director of the Sixth General Office of the Financial and Economic Commission of the State Council, and Director of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce. Secretary General of the Association. He was elected as a member of the First National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a member of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and Vice Chairman of the Sixth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference; he was a representative of the First to Fifth National People's Congress, a member and deputy secretary-general of the Fourth NPC Standing Committee, Deputy Director of the Legal Affairs Commission, Deputy Director of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, Member of the Central Standing Committee of the China Democratic National Construction Association, and Member of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League. He is a famous people's political activist.
He made great contributions to the socialist revolution and socialist construction.
He died of illness in Beijing on April 26, 1982, at the age of 81.