1. A criminal case has three stages: investigation, examination and prosecution, and public prosecution. The litigation stage is divided into two levels: first instance and second instance. According to the Criminal Procedure Law, a criminal suspect may entrust a defender to participate in the lawsuit from the first interrogation or compulsory measures taken by the investigated organ, and the victim may also entrust an agent to file an incidental civil lawsuit to safeguard his legitimate rights and interests.
2. Civil cases are divided into non-litigation agents and litigation agents. Non-litigation cases include arbitration agency, administrative reconsideration, reconciliation and mediation. Those who refuse to accept the ruling or fail to reach an agreement shall be tried in the first instance, the second instance or even the retrial. In each case, legal aid can be granted if the conditions for legal aid are met.