According to the national and provincial goal of realizing the first stage of a well-off society in an all-round way in 20 10, the well-off process in our county in 2002 was calculated, and the results are reported as follows:
The first is the degree of comprehensive realization of a well-off society in the county. In 2002, the comprehensive index of 28 indicators in our county was 59%, that is, by 2002, more than half of them had been realized. From the five subsystems, the social structure is 46.7%, the economic and technological development is 47.4%, the population quality is 55.4%, the quality of life is 79.7%, and the legal system and public security are 72. 1% (see attached table 65438 for details).
Index analysis of each subsystem
(1) Social structure. Its optimization is the foundation and premise of realizing a well-off society and modernization. It consists of five indicators, which reflect the proportion of employees in the tertiary industry, such as socialization, urbanization, non-agriculture, export-oriented economy and intellectual investment. The average social structure realization index of the county is 46.7%. Among them, there are 46,600 employees in the tertiary industry, accounting for 15%, and the degree of realization is 42.9%; The urban population is 68,000, accounting for 22.6% of the total population, and the degree of realization is 50.2%; The proportion of non-agricultural added value to GDP is 74.9%, and the degree of realization is 83.2%; The proportion of exports to GDP is 0.29%, and the degree of realization is1%; The proportion of education funds to GDP is 1.77%, and the degree of realization is 44%. Among these five indicators, the industrial structure is the best, and the other four indicators are all below 50%. The worst is the proportion of exports to GDP, and the degree of realization is only 1%. It is characterized by a large proportion of resource industries in our county, accounting for 26% of GDP, which has a strong driving effect on the tertiary industry, especially the transportation industry, and a large proportion of non-agricultural industries. However, resources are mainly distributed in Wanshui, Jinjiang and other mountainous areas, which have no obvious direct pulling effect on the development of urbanization. The level of urbanization is low, the export of resource products is few, there is a lack of internationally influential brand-name products, the investment in education is insufficient, and the overall realization of social structure index is low.
(2) Economic and technological development. It is the economic basis and knowledge innovation means to realize a well-off society and modernization. It consists of seven indicators, including per capita GDP, which reflects the input-output ratio, employment rate, knowledge innovation input and innovation ability of the comprehensive economy. Because these indicators have developed rapidly and set relatively high goals, the degree of realization is relatively low, only 46%. From the main indicators, per capita GDP is the total achievement of economic and social development. The target for 20 10 is12,800 yuan, which has reached 5,884 yuan in 2002, achieving 46%. Per capita investment in fixed assets 1.743 yuan, achieving 32.6%, R&D expenditure accounting for 0. 1.409% of GDP, achieving 0.3%, and per capita education expenditure 1.004 yuan, achieving 34.6%; The number of patents accepted per 10,000 population was 0.49, achieving 14%, and the six indicators did not reach 50%.
(3) Population quality. Culture and scientific and technological quality play a decisive role in the realization of the goal, which consists of six indicators, such as the natural population growth rate and professional and technical personnel. The county average reached 55.4%. From the main indicators, the natural population growth rate reached 8.7‰, reaching 64.4% of the target of 5.6‰, with an average of 2,797 professionals per 10,000 employees, reaching 62.2% of the target of 4,500; The number of college students per 10,000 population is 48, accounting for 37% of the target of 1.30. The proportion of people over 6 years old with college education is 1.65%, which is 23.5% of the target of 7%. The number of doctors per 10,000 population is 8.6, which is 43% of the target of 20 people. The average life expectancy is 7 1 year, which is 95% of the target of 73 years old.
(4) Quality of life and environmental protection. It reflects the modernization and electrification of life, and consists of six indicators such as Engel coefficient, with an average of 79.7% in the county. From the main indicators, Engel coefficient is an index reflecting the optimization of consumption structure. It is generally believed that 40-50% is well-off, and less than 40% is well-off. In 2002, the Engel's coefficient of our county was 47.23%, and it was still well-off in general, achieving 70% of the overall well-off goal of 33%. The per capita domestic electricity consumption is 2 16 kwh, achieving 67.5% of the target of 320 kwh; There are 63 telephones per 100 households, achieving 65,438+000% of the goal of 30 computers per 100 households in cities and towns, 50% of the 30% goal, 59% of the population in rural areas have running water, and the goal of 69.4% is 85%. The overall quality of life is relatively high.
(5) Law and order. This is a stable mechanism of modernization. It consists of four indicators: criminal cases, public security cases, number of lawyers and traffic accident mortality. According to the inverted index, the county average reached 72. 1%. From the main indicators, the filing rate of criminal cases per 10,000 population is 15, which is 100% of the target of 22 cases, and the number of lawyers per 10,000 population is 0.4, which is 36.2% of1. The number of traffic accident deaths per100000 people is 6. 15, which is 100% of the target of 6.4 people.
To sum up, the well-off society currently realized in our county is a low-standard and low-level well-off society, which is an incomplete and unbalanced development. At this stage, the focus is to solve the problem of food and clothing for the people and gradually improve the level of spiritual civilization. A well-off society in an all-round way is a society with more developed economy, more prosperous culture, more sound democracy and more perfect systems in all aspects. It is a society with all-round progress, stability and harmony. Therefore, a well-off society in an all-round way is a qualitative leap compared with the well-off society at the present stage, and it is a well-off society at a higher level.
The second is the test that China will face in the first development stage of well-off society and modernization.
(A) the gap between urban and rural areas, towns and villages is large. From the perspective of urban and rural areas, the gap in living standards is large, the development of infrastructure is uneven, and there is a dual structure in the system. In 2002, the per capita cash income of urban residents in our county reached 7070 yuan, with an Engel coefficient of 30%, while the per capita cash income of rural residents was only 2849 yuan, with an Engel coefficient of 47%, which is very obvious. The gap between water, electricity and roads in infrastructure is even greater. From the perspective of towns and villages, the living standards around industrial and mining areas and small towns are relatively high, with rich cultural and entertainment programs and complete infrastructure, while remote or industrial-lacking areas such as Yaoxi Township, Dachong Township and Guangyi Township are far apart. According to the well-off rural data, the per capita net income of farmers in these three townships in 2002 was 1, 79 1 yuan, 3,302 yuan and 2,093 yuan respectively, which was quite different from the county average of 2,096 yuan, 585 yuan and 1 794 yuan. Institutionally speaking, there are still policy obstacles such as schooling and employment for farmers entering the city.
The main reason for this gap is that industrialization is mainly concentrated in five small towns and industrial and mining areas, urban industrialization continues to expand, rural economic and social development is slow, urbanization lags behind industrialization seriously, widening the gap between workers and peasants and urban and rural areas. This gap will exist for a long time, but it should not be widened. Only by gradually narrowing the gap can we realize the well-off and modernization of the whole country.
(2) The low level of industrial structure, insufficient development potential and a big gap with the requirements of the new industrialization road will directly affect the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way. From the perspective of GDP composition, the added value of the primary industry accounts for 25.2%, the added value of the secondary and tertiary industries accounts for 74.9%, and 83.2% of the 90% well-off goal is achieved, of which the industrial added value accounts for 34.7% of GDP; The added value of extractive industries accounts for 68.9% of the industry; In the tertiary industry, the added value of manufacturing accounts for 25%, and the added value of transportation accounts for 40%. In the past twenty years, the economic development of our county is mainly the resource industry and the transportation industry driven by it, thus forming an industrial structure with resources and transportation as the main body. In 2002, its added value accounted for 50.33% of the total economic output, and its service industry contributed more than 65% to the economic growth. The pillar industry of economic development is relatively single, the industrial chain is short and the industrial development potential is insufficient. In the next decade, resources will decrease year by year, and the difficulty and cost of mining will increase continuously, which will directly affect the economic development speed of our county. Without the support of the late-developing industries, the task of building a well-off society in an all-round way will have a long way to go.
(3) The overall level of economic and technological development is low. The per capita GDP was 5884 yuan in 2002, accounting for 46% of the target of 20 10, which was 68 1 yuan lower than the provincial average of 6565 yuan and 38 1 yuan lower than the city average of 6265 yuan. It is predicted that 2065,438+00, with an annual growth rate of 8%, is only 65,438+00890 yuan. If the higher well-off goal in 2020 is $3,000, only 23% will be achieved. The fundamental reason lies in the low level of industrial structure, large proportion of primitive industries, low proportion of manufacturing industries, few high-tech products, low social labor productivity, lack of high-quality talents and low investment in knowledge innovation, which will inevitably lead to low ability of invention and creation, poor ability of deep processing of products and upgrading of new products, and low scientific and technological content of economic growth. These are all important factors that affect the realization of a well-off society and the modernization process. The experience of various countries in the process of modernization fully proves that in order to speed up modernization, we must attach importance to the investment in education and science and technology, pay attention to the cultivation and introduction of talents, and completely reverse the concept of attaching importance to economy, neglecting society and neglecting talents, so that the proportion of public education funds to GDP will reach 4% in the next decade, and the investment in knowledge innovation will reach 1.3%, forming a relatively complete talent team.
(D) The proportion of tertiary industry and the lagging development of urbanization. Since the reform and opening up, these two indicators have developed rapidly, but the current level is still very low, far from the goal of well-off society and the requirements of modernization. Compared with the world, there is still a big gap. For example, the proportion of employees in the tertiary industry is only 15%, which is far lower than the world average of 3 1% and the proportion of middle-income countries of 4 1%. At present, there are a large number of surplus labor in the primary and secondary industries in our county, and there are tens of thousands of laid-off or semi-laid-off workers in the secondary industries and state-owned enterprises in cities and towns. However, at present, the emerging tertiary industry is in short supply, and community service needs a considerable part of labor. This contradiction requires the relevant departments to take effective measures to transfer the surplus labor force and unemployed people in cities and towns to the tertiary industry in an orderly manner, and give them support in terms of funds and taxes. 20 10 can hardly reach the target of 35%. The level of urbanization also lags far behind the world level, reaching 22.6% in 2002, which is 46% lower than the world average and 43.4% lower than the level of 66% in middle-income countries. In order to accelerate the pace of urbanization, it is necessary to relax the restrictions and obstacles of farmers' transfer to cities and towns from the aspects of policies and household registration system, and it may reach 45% in 20 10.
(5) It is difficult to control population growth. In 2002, the natural population growth rate was 8.7‰, accounting for 64.36% of the target of 5.6‰. Population is the denominator of each index, and 20 of the 28 index systems are related to population. If it is not strictly controlled, it will exceed the natural carrying capacity, affect the realization of well-off and modernization goals, and affect the improvement of life quality. Therefore, both developed towns and backward towns should strictly control the excessive population growth, and towns with better control should consolidate and not rebound, and control the population within the natural carrying capacity.
(6) Traffic will become a big problem that restricts China's economy. In recent years, our city has increased its investment in infrastructure, especially highway construction, and county and city highways have improved significantly. 1 1 7 counties and cities, 1 hour can directly reach Chenzhou and Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway. The convenient transportation in counties and cities will gradually weaken the location advantage of the south gate of our county. At the same time, most towns and villages in our county, especially the North Road, are poor and narrow, which directly affects the economic development of our county. Therefore, it is an urgent need for our county's economic development to continuously improve the road surface of the main trunk lines of towns and villages in the county and build a high-grade highway crossing provinces and cities. It not only brings convenience in transportation, but also creates basic conditions for promoting industrialization in our county. According to the experience of developed areas in China, it is difficult to realize the leap-forward development of industrialization without a good road, especially in attracting investment, making full use of resources, expanding the processing of mineral products and agricultural products, developing manufacturing industry, and interactive development of water conservancy and electric power.
Three. Measures taken in the development of China's well-off society and modernization in the first stage
First, grasp the fission effect of the two advantages and do a good job based on the chapter of the martial arts.
Resource advantage: Our county is rich in coal resources and small non-ferrous metal resources, which are distributed in Jinjiang, Shuidong, Jielong, Wanshui, Maishi, Sanhe and Zhennan, accounting for one third of the county. Among them, there are more than 58 million tons of coal resources, 368,000 tons of small non-ferrous tin concentrate, more than 5 million tons of tungsten ore and more than 4 million tons of lead-zinc ore, which are very rich in resources. The added value of extractive industry accounts for 69% of industrial added value and 26% of GDP, and the related added value of transportation industry accounts for 40% of tertiary industry and 12.6% of GDP. The contribution rate of extractive industries and transportation to GDP growth exceeds 65%. Therefore, we should firmly grasp the advantages of rich resources, vigorously rectify the mining order, make full use of resources, rationally arrange the mining layout, increase the processing and deep processing of mineral products, lengthen the industrial chain, gradually improve the strategic adjustment of the internal structure of the industry, vigorously revitalize the manufacturing industry and promote the all-round development of the industry.
Location advantage: Our county is adjacent to Guangdong and connected with Lianzhou, Guangdong. In addition, the developed transportation industry in our county will promote the economic development of our county with the help of the advantages of the developed economy in the Pearl River Delta. At the same time, the location advantage must be based on the busy traffic, and the traffic should be lively and fully revitalized. It is necessary to build a smoother and more convenient transportation line and form a centralized and decentralized pattern of people, money, materials and information.
Second, pay close attention to the transformation of two weak links and promote the all-round development of a well-off society.
The symbol of a well-off society in an all-round way is the all-round development of social economy and the affluent life of the people. In the work of building a well-off society in an all-round way, there are two weak links in our county, which need to be highly concerned by all levels: First, the rural economic development is relatively backward. Nearly 80% of the population in our city lives in the countryside. 70% of rural practitioners is still tied to a small piece of land, engaged in backward and extensive manual labor, living conditions are relatively difficult, and the annual per capita disposable income is less than 3,000 yuan. There are still 4,000 poor people in the county who have not been able to solve the problem of food and clothing, mostly in rural areas. Rural development is the focus of building a well-off society in an all-round way. It is difficult to build a well-off society in an all-round way if the countryside is not rich. Second, the disadvantaged groups will hinder the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way and become the difficulty of building a well-off society in an all-round way. Judging from the income level of residents, the living standard of the fifth population with the lowest income in urban and rural areas and their family business situation will be a long-standing problem for the county to reach the standard as scheduled.
Third, strengthen the chain pull of "three modernizations" and improve the overall level of economic development.
People usually refer to the "three modernizations" as agricultural industrialization, industrialization and urbanization. In the national economy, the "three modernizations" form an economic chain of interdependence, mutual promotion and common prosperity, and form a series of functions. The degree of agricultural industrialization is high, the structure is optimized, and famous and special agricultural products are abundant. This is a high quality industrial raw material base, which can stimulate the development and prosperity of industrial economy. Industry mainly takes towns and industrial and mining areas as the survival and development space, and the functional radiation of towns in turn promotes the all-round economic development of various industries. Therefore, only by forming a virtuous circle chain of agriculture, industry and towns can we ensure the healthy and orderly development of China's county economy.
First, further adjust the rural industrial structure and actively promote agricultural industrialization. In view of the problems existing in agriculture in our county, we should further adjust the rural industrial structure, vigorously develop high-quality and efficient agriculture and agricultural products processing, improve the high-quality rate and added value of agricultural products, accelerate the development of central cities and small towns, promote the transfer of rural surplus labor, and expand the consumption demand of agricultural products; It is necessary to choose leading products with high advantages and industrial relevance, adopt various preferential policies and measures, give key funds and technical support, make agricultural production more scientific, professional and modern, promote the quality and scale of agricultural products, and especially increase the scale operation of grain production. For farmers who go out to work, do business or engage in other industries, they can contract their cultivated land to "experts in farming" or "specialized farmers in farming". The government will give key support, give full play to their respective advantages, form scale operation, specialize grain production, solve the contradiction between decentralized small production and unified large market and large circulation, and better meet the needs of domestic and foreign market competition. In order to strengthen the construction of irrigation and water conservancy infrastructure and change the situation of poor agricultural production conditions and insufficient production stamina, it is necessary to implement "returning farmland to forests" for some "paddy fields" and "terraces" that depend on the weather, strengthen the collection and feedback of agricultural information, overcome the blindness of production and promote the rational and orderly flow of agricultural products. In recent years, great achievements have been made in the adjustment of agricultural structure in our county, but it is mainly to adjust the variety structure, optimize product quality and develop efficient agriculture. These are general economic restructuring. The adjustment of agricultural structure should be strategically adjusted in the overall situation of county economy, and should be synchronized with the industries of our county, especially the processing industry and urban economy. We should continue to make the duck industry and Wei Xiang bigger and stronger, and make brands and characteristics.
Second, relying on resource advantages, cultivate harmonious pillar industries, vigorously develop non-ferrous metal processing and agricultural products processing, gradually develop large-scale manufacturing industries, and accelerate the process of industrialization. Relying on abundant agricultural resources, we will vigorously develop high-quality and efficient agriculture, characteristic agriculture, agricultural product processing and non-ferrous metal processing. In the refining and processing of nonferrous metals, it is necessary to concentrate capital and strength to make the industry bigger and stronger and improve the added value and utilization rate of resources. Our county has been engaged in small-scale smelting for decades and spent a lot of money, but there are few decent enterprises, and the scientific and technological content and added value of products are low, which has caused a lot of waste of funds. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the technology introduction, popularization of technological achievements and technology introduction of non-ferrous metal smelting and processing, especially to take advantage of the favorable opportunity of China's accession to the WTO to introduce foreign capital and advanced equipment, and apply high technology to non-ferrous metal smelting and processing, so that the scientific and technological content and added value of one or two non-ferrous metal finished products can be obtained in the international market. At the same time, in the continuous large-scale manufacturing industry and water conservancy and electric power industry, the added value of manufacturing industry in our county accounts for a low proportion of industrial added value, and the development of manufacturing industry still has great potential. Relying on abundant water resources, actively cultivate and develop the water conservancy and electric power industry, promote the development of other industries, provide follow-up industrial support for the resource industry, and gradually slow down the impact of resource reduction on the economic development of our county.
Third, further broaden financing channels and strive to expand investment. At present, the bottleneck of project construction in our county is the problem of funds, which has become a prominent problem affecting the economic development of our county. To speed up the process of a well-off society in an all-round way, we must do everything possible to raise funds, solve the widening gap between bank deposits and loans, and continuously expand investment. On the one hand, increase enterprise credit, create a good relationship between banks and enterprises, do a good job in the implementation and normal operation of SME guarantee funds, and strive for the support of credit bonuses. At present, one of the important factors that the county credit in China is not strong in supporting the economy is the low quality of bank assets and the poor credit concept of enterprises, which makes banks afraid to lend easily. We should try to change this situation by establishing a good relationship between banks and enterprises. On the other hand, under the guidance of the government, we constantly cultivate market hotspots and strive to expand private investment. It is necessary to further strengthen information guidance and services for private investment, effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of private investors and normal production and operation, actively create a good external environment, enhance the investment confidence of private investors, and lay a solid foundation for expanding private investment.
Fourth, develop new industries and make them the pillar industries and new economic growth points of China's county economy. On the one hand, we should promote the development of real estate. The real estate industry has a strong driving effect on economic growth and is a new economic growth point in today's society. However, the scale of the real estate industry in our county is still small, mainly because there are too many intermediate links in real estate development, the intermediate costs are relatively high, and the housing prices are relatively high, which restricts the development of the real estate industry. We should straighten out the administrative examination and approval items as soon as possible to solve these problems. On the other hand, we should vigorously develop emerging industries such as information, education, medical care and community service. These industries have strong demand and huge market potential, which is of great significance to promoting economic growth, opening up new jobs and improving people's material and cultural living standards.
Fifth, strengthen the construction of urban infrastructure, strengthen the overall function of cities and towns, and further promote the process of urbanization. First, we should do a good job in statistics, planning and rational layout. It is necessary to organically combine the construction of small towns with the development of township enterprises and the promotion of agricultural industrialization, do a good job in the processing and sales of agricultural products, promote the adjustment of rural industrial structure and the formation of agricultural pattern, and digest rural surplus labor on the spot. Second, it is necessary to increase investment in infrastructure, do a good job in the construction of supporting facilities in small towns, and further improve the development functions of small towns. Third, do a good job in land development in small towns, and adopt the method of "building factories on the ground, generating taxes from factories, and generating wealth from taxes" to encourage developers and individuals to invest in the construction of small towns. Fourth, continue to do a good job in the upgrading and expansion of central cities, and give full play to the economic radiation, driving and character absorption functions of central cities.
Fourth, intensify scientific and technological innovation and vigorously cultivate, explore and introduce high-quality talents. First, further establish and improve the technological innovation mechanism, promote the construction of technological innovation system and increase investment in technological innovation. The second is to create a good atmosphere for training, exploring and using talents. In the final analysis, all competition is the competition of talents and the competition of talents' quality. Various measures should be taken to cultivate and explore the introduction of high-quality talents. In the use of important talents, we should earnestly respect talents and knowledge, implement various talent policies, establish an incentive mechanism, reward talents who have made outstanding contributions, and form a good atmosphere in which people make full use of their talents and forge ahead.