What is the general situation of Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi?

Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province are located at the foot of Wuzhou Mountain in the west of Datong. They were excavated along the mountain and stretched for about 1 km from east to west. There are 53 existing old caves, with more than 51, statues of Buddha, Bodhisattva and Tian Fei, which are very large in scale. The grotto was first excavated in the first year of Heping in Wen Chengdi, Northern Wei Dynasty (46), and was basically completed in 494, which lasted more than 3 years. All caves can be roughly divided into three categories; In the early period, the plane of Cave 16 ~ 2 was oval, mainly in statues, and Cave 2 was the representative work of Yungang Grottoes. The cave in the middle is rectangular in plane and has two rooms. In addition to the Buddha statue carved in the middle, there are many reliefs on the wall and top. The third type is a square cave house, with a square tower column in the middle, embossed on it and carved with Buddha statues and niches on the wall. The sixth hole is the most typical one. The cave is 2 meters high and there is a big tower in the middle with a cross-sectional area of 6 square meters. There are countless reliefs in the grottoes, including large and small Buddha statues, bodhisattvas and flying sky. , but also engraved with the original story of Sakyamuni from birth to becoming a Buddha, which is really a treasure house of China sculpture art. Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan Province. This grotto is located about 12km south of Luoyang, where the north and south mountains face each other, and the Yi River flows through it, which looks like a natural gateway from a distance, so it is also called "Yi Que". Longmen Grottoes is here, and now it is a national key cultural relics protection unit.