Legal Analysis: Dali Temple is an ancient judicial institution in China, similar to the modern Supreme Court. The person in charge of prison litigation in the Qin Dynasty was Ting Wei, who was changed to Dali in the Han Dynasty and later changed back. In the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was decided that Dali Temple was the official sign, the central judicial organ, the official of Dali Temple, the right doctrine (all generations after the Sui Dynasty were subordinate to the doctrine) and Shao Qing as the deputy. After that, it was caused by all previous dynasties except the Yuan Dynasty. Although Dali Temple is nominally the central judicial organ of past dynasties, its specific functions and powers have changed from time to time. In the Tang Dynasty, Dali Temple was mainly responsible for hearing the cases of more than 100 officials of the central government and the capital, and exercised judicial power together with the Ministry of Punishment. In Song Dynasty, Dali Temple exercised judicial power with the Ministry of Punishment and Yushitai. In the Ming Dynasty, Dali Temple, together with the Ministry of Punishment and Duchayuan, were also called the "three major legal departments", and their peers exercised judicial power. Among them, Dali Temple focuses on refuting peaceful and unjust cases; The Qing dynasty inherited the system of the three legal departments of the Ming dynasty, but the division of power among the three organs was very different from that of the Ming dynasty. Among them, the power of the Ministry of Punishment is relatively large, and the status of Dali Temple is far less than that of the previous generation. Its duty is only to examine cases in which the Ministry of Punishment intends to impose the death penalty. In the thirty-second year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1906), imitating the independence of western judicature, Dali Temple was changed into Dali Courtyard, whose authority was to interpret laws and supervise trials at all levels as the highest judicial organ.
Legal basis: Article 3 of the Criminal Procedure Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) is responsible for the investigation, detention, execution and pre-trial of criminal cases. The people's procuratorate shall be responsible for the prosecution, approval of arrest, investigation and prosecution of cases directly accepted by procuratorial organs. The people's court is responsible for the trial. Except as otherwise specified by law, no other organ, organization or individual has the right to exercise these powers.
In criminal proceedings, the people's courts, people's procuratorates and public security organs must strictly abide by the relevant provisions of this Law and other laws.