In fact, for a long time, the United States has been a party outside the international rules. It either directly rejects the ruling of the International Court of Justice that is not in its own interests, or shirks or delays the implementation process. As early as more than 30 years ago, the United States refused to accept the ruling of the International Court of Justice.
At the end of 1983 and the beginning of 1984, in order to weaken Nicaragua, the United States sent people to lay mines near the ports of Bluff and corinto. Mine-laying activities seriously threaten Nicaragua's security and navigation. 1In April 1984, Nicaragua filed a lawsuit with the International Court of Justice, accusing the United States of ordering American soldiers and nationals of Latin American countries to lay mines in Nicaraguan ports, destroying Nicaraguan oil facilities and naval bases, violating Nicaraguan airspace, and organizing and financing military and paramilitary actions against Nicaraguan * * groups. Nicaragua requests the International Court of Justice to determine that the actions of the United States constitute illegal use of force and threat of use of force, interference in Nicaragua's internal affairs and infringement of Nicaragua's * * *, and requests the Court to order the United States to immediately stop the above actions and compensate Nicaragua and its nationals for their losses; And requested the International Court of Justice to indicate interim measures of protection.
The United States raised various objections to the court's jurisdiction over the case and asked the court to cancel the case from the court's list of cases. This request was rejected by the court. In June, 1984, 1 1, the court ended the preliminary trial of the case, and made a positive judgment on the jurisdiction of the court and whether to accept the case with 15 votes. The United States announced its withdrawal from the lawsuit in June 1985. According to relevant laws and regulations, the court continued to hear the case in absentia. 1986, the International Court of Justice in The Hague ruled in favour of Nicaragua. As a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, the United States vetoed the resolution requiring it to abide by the above ruling. It was not until 1988 that the United States stopped its aid to the Nicaraguan rebels because of the prevention of Congress.
Another case in which the United States refused to cooperate with the International Court of Justice was Germany v. LaGrand of the United States.
The story of LaGrand began more than 30 years ago. 1982 1, two brothers, Valtera Grant and Carl Lagrand, were arrested in Arizona, USA on suspicion of bank robbery and murder. The two brothers were subsequently convicted and sentenced to death, which was confirmed by the US Supreme Court. But both of them are German citizens and have the right to get help from the German consul. After the American law enforcement authorities arrested the two brothers and learned their German status, they should inform them of this right according to Article 36 of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations 1963, and at the same time inform the German consular officials of the case.
However, the United States has not done so. During the whole trial, the two brothers did not know that they had this right, and their lawyers did not mention it to them. Until1June, 1992, they had been in prison for more than 10 years. The Raglang brothers, who were awaiting death, learned about the provisions of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations from other prisoners held together and personally informed the local German consular officials of the case. Later, with the help of German consular officials, the LaGrand brothers applied to the US law enforcement authorities for retrial, but the Federal Supreme Court refused to retry the case with 1998. Despite Germany's efforts, Karl Lagrand was executed on February 24th, 1999 at/kloc-0.
Germany regarded this as a bad thing and filed a complaint with the International Court of Justice, claiming that the United States violated the provisions of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. At the same time, Germany also made an urgent request for interim measures, demanding that the United States suspend the execution of Valtera Grant before the trial of the case by the International Court of Justice is over, which is still a few hours away from the execution. The International Court of Justice granted this request and issued an order of provisional measures on March 3, 1999. However, the United States did not abide by this ruling and executed Valtera Grant on the same day.
Although people died, Germany really refused. Germany decided to continue the lawsuit in the International Court of Justice. In June, 20001,the International Court of Justice made a judgment in favor of Germany in the case of Germany v. LaGrand of the United States.
Subsequently, the International Court of Justice also accepted a case in which Mexico sued the United States for violating the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations in domestic criminal proceedings, namely the Avina case. In 2004, the International Court of Justice made a judgment on the Avina case and found that the United States violated the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. However, after the above judgment was made, courts at all levels in the United States refused to abide by and implement the judgment of the International Court of Justice for various reasons.