In ancient China, the county yamen complex was surrounded by tall city walls, and the only entrance and exit of the city walls was the gate located on the south side of the central axis. This gate, also known as the "head gate", is not a simple doorway, but a building with a roof.
Fushun is a territory of ancient Jianyang. Because of the salt industry developed in 567 AD, it was established as a county, and it was a state, supervision and county system. In 136, Dr. Zhou Yanjun was elected as the magistrate of Fushun. Zhou attached importance to education and talents, and in 142, he trained Li Mian, the first scholar in Fushun. In the fourth year of the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 144), Zhou proposed to build the Confucian Temple (Palace), but it was 477 years after the county was founded, and the county structure had been built. In order to choose the site for the Confucian Temple, Zhou "reluctantly gave up what one favours" and set the original site in the official's son of the county, which is "Feng Shui" at the south gate! Location, Tengyang Jianwen Temple and the county government both retired to Guishan, but the goalkeeper had no choice but to open the door to the west, which was passed down as a story by later generations.
second, the "welcome building"
the place where people are greeted.
3. "Yimen"
Inside the "Yimen" is the lobby courtyard, which concentrates the functions of the government, so "Yimen" is also an important portal. The instrument gate is also a city gate with a top, with three openings and generally only one shelf in the depth.
Yimen is usually closed, and it will only be opened when the superior officials come or the elders of the local officials come, and the local officials are here to meet them. To get in and out of the lobby, you have to go to the specially opened doors on both sides of the gate. The gate is often just a simple doorway, also known as "foot gate" and "corner gate". It is mentioned in Volume 15 "He Daqing hates Yuanyang taeniasis" of Ming Dynasty novel "Awakening the World" that "every yamen has a rule of going east and going west". Generally, the east gate goes in and the west gate goes out, just like the rule of walking on the right now.
4. Great Hall
One hall, namely the main hall, or "hall" or "temple", is located in front of the courtyard, facing south, majestic and majestic, and belongs to the main hall in architecture.
The Great Hall, or "Hall" or "Court", is located in front of the Intermediate People's Court, facing south, majestic and majestic. In architecture, it is the most magnificent in the county government and the most important in function, and it is the place for litigation and trial.
5. East-West Wing
On both sides of the front lobby of the Intermediate People's Court are East-West Wing, and the west wing is "military", "criminal" and "industrial". "Gong" means "Li", "Hu" and "Li" in the east wing. They are called "Dongsi" and "Xisi" respectively with the money granary in the east and the two warehouses in the west, and are collectively called Dongqian granary and Xiwu reserve warehouse. Xiancheng (Zhengbapin) is in charge of the East Silo, and Shangshu (from Bapin) is in charge of the West Silo. The chief title of Liufang is "Jingcheng" and the deputy title is "Guannian".
6. The official room
manages the promotion and transfer of county officials, issues letters of appointment, and is responsible for the registration of titles such as Jinshi, Juren and Deputy List in the county, which is equivalent to the "Personnel Bureau".
7. Houses
Houses, also known as "grain houses", are in charge of converting the grain taxes collected by the county into silver and transporting them to the imperial treasury. In case of disasters, they also handle food relief matters. Houses are customarily called "money valley owners".
8. Li Cheng
mainly manages Confucianism, education, celebrations, festivals, etc., assists the county magistrate in teaching, organizes young students to take exams, supervises the field, issues examination papers, organizes various festival activities, and is in charge of county magistrate, patrol inspection, guards, drum music, etc.
9. Barracks
are responsible for recruiting soldiers, horses, training soldiers, and transporting soldiers to superior counties. Stations, soldiers storage, city defense, and bandits suppression are all under the jurisdiction of barracks.
X. torture room
is in charge of civil and criminal cases in the county, and is in charge of annual examination, deputy, executioner, jailer, post mortem examiner, etc.
11. The workshop
is in charge of sericulture, textile, building offices, the Yugoslav capital, an tang, temples, pagodas, water conservancy, casting silverware, casting firearms and equipment, carving and shaping, and destroying counterfeit money.
12. "Prison God Temple" (on the left side of the main hall)
"Prison God Temple" is a kind of temple or mystery in the prison in feudal times, and the so-called "prison god" enshrined in it got its name. Criminals who have just been sentenced to prison, or before being released from prison, should sacrifice to the prison god. Generally speaking, before the Ming Dynasty, the "prison god" was worshipped by Hao Tao, and it was changed to Xiao He in the early Qing Dynasty, so it was also called Xiaowang Temple.
XIII. Land Temple (on the right side of the main hall)
The land god is one of the oldest gods in China and the patron saint of the village compound. Land Lord is one of the oldest gods in China and the patron saint of village compound. The land god originated from the primitive land worship. People get food and other means of subsistence from the land, and the harvest is determined by the good year and the bad year. Therefore, people think that this is decided by the god in charge of the land, so they concentrate the land to worship the land god, hoping that the weather will be good and the grain will be plentiful. Later, the land god gradually evolved into a Tangut god among the people, which not only protected the bumper harvest of grain but also protected the safety of one party.
14. Chongwentai
Chongwentai was originally named Sizhao Building. In Song Dynasty, Dr. Zhou Yanjun was elected as the magistrate of Fushun. Under his advocacy, Fushun attached importance to education and built a Confucian temple. In order to commemorate Zhou Yanjun's enlightenment to Fushun culture, it was named Chongwentai.
15. Hall 2
Hall 2 is the daily office of the magistrate of a county. Except for the director of the early dynasty, the magistrate of a county works in Hall 2 every day, dealing with daily affairs, summoning subordinates individually and conducting small-scale research work. In addition, most civil cases are often heard here.
in Ming and Qing dynasties, civil cases were separated from criminal cases, with criminal cases in the lobby and civil cases in the second hall. When hearing a case in the Second Hall, the magistrate of a county usually tells the original and the defendant about the Three Cardinal Principles and the Five Permanent Principles, and educates them with these feudal ethics, so as to achieve the purpose of resolving disputes. Generally, punishment is rarely used unless the parties are ignorant and stubborn and cannot solve the problem by preaching.
16. My Body in Three Provinces
My Body in Three Provinces is from The Analects of Confucius. Zeng Zi said, "I save my body three times a day:" I save my body three times a day-is it cheating for others? Friends in the suburbs and don't believe it? Preaching without vulgarity? "The three provincial parks are the backyard of the county department for county officials to rest.
17. Duanjialou
was originally named Xihu Lou. During the four years from thirty-eight to forty-one years of Qianlong, Duan Yucai, a famous scholar, acted as a county official twice in Fushun. This building is the place where Duan Yucai studied after work, and it is also called "Duan Yucai Reading Building" among the people.
During his tenure in Fushun, Duan Yucai moved Wenchang Palace, erected a monument to Xueweng Ancestral Temple, built the Minglun Hall of the Confucian Temple, built more school buildings and renamed Xueyi Academy, which made great contributions to culture and education. In addition, during his tenure in Fushun, Duan Yucai presided over the compilation of Fushun County Records, completed Six Books Rhyme Table and Poetry Primary School, and began to write Notes on Explaining Words. It can be said that Duan Yucai's four years in Fushun was also a key four years in his academic history, and many of his theories and important works were conceived during this period.