The power information market, which has been enthusiastically sought after by IT vendors, seems not to have been "detonated" with the advancement of power system reform. On the contrary, it is even more indifferent in the context of the increasingly serious "power shortage".
Power grid enterprises are busy dealing with the "power shortage", and the five major power generation groups are busy making information planning. Power generation enterprises have suspended many information projects because they have changed their "owners". Only the informationization of electric power marketing is advancing steadily. Where is the "crux" of the power information market? How long will the influence of power system reform on power informatization last?
On the basis of in-depth investigation, our reporter summed up five pairs of "contradictions" in the power information market: advanced automatic control system VS lagging management system, complex system VS blank standard, market virtual fire VS disorderly competition, heavy task VS weak organization, lack of planning VS system fragmentation, and thus thought that these five pairs of "contradictions" influenced and restricted each other, and * * * produced many problems in the power information market.
Advanced automatic control system and backward management system
Power informatization includes two parts: power production, dispatching automation and management informatization. Automation of power plants and power stations has always been the focus of power informatization. Most hydropower plants, thermal power plants and substations are equipped with computer monitoring systems. A considerable number of hydropower plants have also realized unattended and few people are on duty after transformation. The wide application of automatic monitoring system for power generation production has greatly improved the automation level of production process. The level of power dispatching automation is even more advanced in the world. At present, SCADA, AGC, ems and other power dispatching automation systems have been built, and all provincial power dispatching institutions have established SCADA systems, and the three-level dispatching of power grid is 100% automated. Director Guo Ziming of Automation Department of North China Electric Power Dispatching Bureau said that as early as the 1970s, North China Electric Power Dispatching Bureau used transistor computers to dispatch electricity, from domestic 12 1 machine to 176 machine, to 176 double machine, until/ At present, North China Electric Power Dispatching Bureau monitors the running state of each generator set of power generation enterprises in North China in real time, and then dispatches it in a unified way. In contrast, the construction of power industry management information system lags behind a lot. Even in State Grid Corporation and Huaneng Company, the construction of management information system (MIS) is still in the primary stage, which mainly realizes basic functions such as OA, financial management and human resource management. In the implementation of ERP, only Zhejiang Electric Power continues to adhere to the ERP project implemented by IBM, and power companies in Shandong, Liaoning, Hubei and other places have suspended relevant information plans.
An expert in electric power informatization who did not want to be named believes that the fundamental reason for this phenomenon lies in the constant adjustment of the management system of the electric power industry. After decades of development, electric power production has formed a set of strict processes, such as equipment 10 maintenance once a day and overhaul once every three months. No matter how the management system is adjusted, it must be scheduled and managed according to a unified process, otherwise there will be security risks. The reform of management system directly affects the construction of management information system. From the Ministry of Water and Electricity to the Ministry of Energy, State Power Company and State Grid Corporation, power plants belong to local governments today and to the central government tomorrow. Constantly adjusting the management system makes power enterprises lack relatively stable management ideas, management models and organizational structures. More importantly, the continuous adjustment of management system makes enterprise managers pay insufficient attention to management information system.
The person in charge of the information center of Shunyi District Power Supply Bureau in Beijing complained that the MIS management system had just been built. Soon after, with an order, the ownership changed, the business leaders changed, and the system changed again. Enterprises can't stand this kind of tossing. Another important reason for the lag of management information system is the long-term monopoly operation of power industry. The power of informatization comes from the pressure of market competition. Power enterprises not only monopolize sales, but also demand exceeds supply. As long as the generator set is running, the "printing machine" will not stop, and whether there is a management information system has little direct influence. The "natural shortage" of source power has seriously affected the attention of power enterprises to management informatization. The marketing director of an IT company said that in recent years, although some power companies have also started some information projects, it is often much cry and little rain. Because there is no pressure from the market and cost, the demands made are all empty and simply impossible to operate. Even informatization can only be regarded as a performance project.
However, with the deepening of power system reform, the demand for management information system in power enterprises is becoming stronger and stronger, which is mainly manifested in the need for power generation groups to strengthen the management of their subordinate power generation enterprises and the need for provincial and county power supply companies to improve enterprise efficiency. Xing Wu Ping, general manager of China Power Investment Puhua, gave an example to the reporter: At present, the power generation group urgently needs to know the operation of its subordinate enterprises on that day, but it can't monitor the operation of each unit. It is often unreliable to report data manually, such as planned or unplanned downtime, which will force the power generation group to speed up the pace of management information system construction.
Power generation enterprises not only need to strengthen the construction of management information system, but also need the integration of management information system and automatic control system. However, how to integrate management system with automatic control system is still controversial. One view is that the power plant MIS can directly extract data from the automatic control system, while the other view is that a CIS system should be established between the MIS system and the automatic control system. CIS system first extracts data from various decentralized automatic control systems, then sorts out the data, and then extracts some data into MIS system.
Complex system and blank standard
The blank of electric power informatization standard is also an important reason for the lag of management information system. Just like a building, if the decoration styles are different and the wiring settings are not connected, even if the decoration is perfect, the management of the whole building is still in chaos. The same is true of information construction. If there is no unified industry standard, it is impossible to share information between different units and cultivate first-class software companies. Conversely, if there is no first-class software company, the level of informatization construction of the whole industry will not be greatly improved.
From 65438 to 0984, China and France cooperated to build Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station. The first expert sent by France is not a nuclear power expert or a construction expert, but a document expert, who is responsible for writing the document code. At that time, many people didn't understand why a document expert was sent, and threatened to return the document expert, but the French side insisted on the standard first. Now, both Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station and Ling 'ao Nuclear Power Station have adopted the document standard compiled by that French expert. But power companies like Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station are a minority after all.
Wu Xingping, general manager of CLP Puhua, said that at present, a unified information standard system has not been formulated for the informationization of the power industry, and the information coding, technical standards and specifications of the internal information systems of power enterprises are not unified; For the same component, the purchasing department has a code, the inventory department has a code, and the production department has a code, even with different names. According to reports, at present, various application systems have formulated many coding systems according to their own needs, some of which are used within the scope of network provinces and some are used by municipal power enterprises, but they cannot be promoted nationwide.
Ma Yucheng, technical director of Neusoft Electric Power Division, has worked in the field of electric power informatization for many years. What bothers him most is not IT technology, but the lack of electric power informatization standards. Ma Yucheng said: "At present, there are some very scattered and unorganized rules or regulations in software development. I very much hope that the power industry can have a unified national industry standard. Even if it can't get the national standard, it can be obtained from a region, but it can't be obtained from a region. " Now, during the project, Ma Yucheng will work with the provincial power companies to formulate the standards of power marketing informatization in this province. However, Jilin Province will not think of the needs of Shandong Province and Liaoning Province will not think of the needs of Tianjin when formulating the standards, and the provinces will still not share information in the future.
An expert from Guodian Information Center said that many units in the power industry are making standards, but the fundamental reason for everyone's failure is the lack of user demand. Power enterprises are not as closely connected as manufacturing enterprises, and Gezhouba Hydropower Station and Xiaolangdi Hydropower Station do not meet the requirements and wishes of the same data standard. Second, there is a lack of unified leadership. Guodian group once discussed two standards, and later it actually became an acceptance method. No matter how the system is built, it will be accepted as long as it meets the requirements. At present, the research group led by the State Power Information Center and attended by Huaneng Company and Heilongjiang Electric Power Company is studying the standard system of electric power informatization. It was originally planned to publish the first draft at the end of this year and early next year, but it is difficult to see the progress of the work.
Virtual fire market and disorderly competition
The lack of standards not only makes it difficult for power companies to share information, but also causes disorderly competition in the power information market to some extent. It is said that in some regional markets, if three people set up a software company, they can get power information projects.
Previously, many people had high hopes for the reform of the power system, thinking that bidding online and cross-regional trade fairs would "detonate" the power information market; A domestic consulting company even predicted that the power system information procurement market will reach 8 billion yuan this year, but it turns out that the expected cake has not become a reality. From the perspective of the whole power information market, the demand for power marketing management system is strong, because the organizational structure from township power supply companies to provincial power supply companies is relatively stable, and the impact of this system reform is relatively small, and more importantly, the benefits are very obvious. In the past, there were watches without cards, cards without watches, and the phenomenon of inconsistent cards was very serious. Some users have used electricity for 10 years, but the power company never charges electricity because the power company doesn't know about the existence of that meter. After the implementation of the power marketing management system, these loopholes have been plugged. At present, Liaoning, Chongqing, Hebei and other provinces have entered the promotion stage, while Jilin and other provinces are still in the pilot stage.
Due to the large number of new power plants built this year, the procurement volume of IT equipment of power generation enterprises has increased significantly compared with that of 2003, but it may take two or three years for the whole information market of power generation enterprises to fully start. At present, the informatization projects implemented by power generation enterprises are mainly financial systems and asset management systems, but the serious power shortage has diverted the attention of power generation enterprises to informatization to some extent. At present, the leaders of power plants are most concerned about safe power generation and more power generation rather than informatization, because it doesn't matter whether each generator set is linked or not as long as the maximum efficiency is exerted.
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