Since the Western Han Dynasty, Jinan has been called the country several times, and there are as many as 20 kings in the history of Jinan. The first king of Jinan was Liu Biguang of the Western Han Dynasty. "Han Shu. "Biography of Mourning Wang Hui in the State of Qi" records that in 164 BC, "Wendi pitied Wang Hui for having no suitable heir, so he divided Qi into six countries and tried his best to mourn for the prince, only to see six people in the field as kings." Nominally, it is to make the princes, especially the descendants of the kings who mourn the benefits, feel grateful to the emperor. In fact, there is another purpose. As Jia Yi, a master of Liang Wang, said, "If you want to maintain the public order and good customs in the world, you should establish a vassal without many lines. A small force is easy to be righteous, and a small one is dead. " In this way, apart from the divided Chengyang State, the State of Qi is divided into six parts: the King of Qi in Wei Liu, the King of Jibei in Andu, the King of Zichuan in Wucheng, the King of Jiaodong in Liuxiong Canal, and the King of Jiaoxi in Pingchang and Liu Mian in Jinan. Liu Biguang, the son of the King of Qi, lost his life as a blessing. "Qi mourning Liu Fei, high-impedance long Shu Ren also. His mother's wife is also called Cao Shi. In the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu, Li Fei was the king of Qi. " (historical records. The state of Qi mourns the Wangs) Liu Bang "wanted to seal the same surname to fill the world and punish Qin for his solitary death, because the world is early, his son is young and his brother is few", so he named his eldest son King of Qi, belonging to seven counties and seventy-three counties. "All the people who could speak in unison were given to the King of Qi." The State of Qi was later divided into seven parts, but this strategy of enfeoffment of vassal lands and "building vassals together" did not fundamentally solve the problem of chaos among vassals. According to Hanshu, Liu Ying, Zichuan, Jinan Biguang, Jiaoxishao, Jiaodong Xiongqu, Liu Sui, Wang Chu Liu Wu and others jointly rebelled under the pretext of "killing Chao Cuo and Qing Jun" in the third year of Emperor Jingdi's reign (154). The Emperor sent Qiu Zhou Yafu and the general to lead the army to quell the "Seven Kingdoms Rebellion". Liu Biguang, King of Jinan (also known as King of Ping Ling because of the capital of Ping Ling) committed suicide, leaving the country and "entering the Han Dynasty".
After the establishment of the Eastern Han regime, although the parallel system of counties and countries in the Western Han Dynasty was followed, on the whole, the vassals sealed the country, with narrow territory and no civil rights. In the 15th year of Jianwu (39), Emperor Guangwu made ten princes out of consideration of "supporting princes, respecting ancestral halls and attaching importance to the country", among which Queen Guo made Jin 'an Duke. In the seventeenth year of Jianwu (4 1), ten princes were promoted to kings and still attacked the old seals. In the 28th year of Jianwu (52), Liu Kang and others left Luoyang, the capital, and sealed their own kingdoms. In the 30th year of Jianwu (54), Liu Xiudong was the governor of Ping Ling, east of the capital of Jinan, and ordered six counties, including Pingchang and Chongqiu, to benefit Jinan. The number of state-owned counties in Jinan has increased from seven to thirteen, and the fief area has almost doubled, making it a big country in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the second year of the Central Plains (57), when he died, Zhuang ascended the throne and became Emperor Xiaoming. After Liu Xiu's death, Liu Kang fell out of favor, Ming Di and Liu Zhuang severely punished consorts and vassals, and Liu Kang was not spared. "The history of the later han dynasty. "Biography of Jin 'an" records: "Kang violated the national law and transported passengers. Later, someone reported to Kang that they had recruited cunning men, women, and Liu Zichan. From the counties, and left many books and cases, which is not good to discuss. In the next exam, the ancestors kissed each other and couldn't bear to be poor, but they broke the five counties of Jia, Yin Ji, Dong Chaoyang, Ande and Xipingchang. " In the eighteenth year of Yongping (75), he died, and Wei succeeded to the throne as emperor Su Zongxiao. Emperor Zhang returned the five counties he had cut down "with the respect of his uncle", and Jinan returned to the ranks of great powers. In Jin 'an, Liu Kang "doubled his wealth, overhauled his palace, had 1,400 handmaids, 2,200 ponies and 800 hectares of private land, which was extravagant and unrestrained." In the ninth year of Yongyuan (97), he died and his son Liu was wronged. Liu Cuo was established for six years, and died in the fifteenth year of Yongyuan (103), and his son Liu Jiwei. Liu died twenty years ago, childless and lost his country.
In the third year of Emperor Gaozu's Xi Ping (174), Jinan County was restored to Jinan State, and Liu Kang, son of Hejian King Liu Li, was the first king. This Liu Kang is not Liu Kang of Guangwudi. After Liu Kang's death, his son Liu Yun succeeded him. In October, 2007, Jian 'an was killed by the Yellow Scarf Army, and his son Liu succeeded him for thirteen years. In the first year of Yankang (220), Cao Pi, Emperor Wen of Wei, proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of Han, and Liu Kai was demoted as the Emperor of Chongde.
After the Han Dynasty, the three kingdoms stood in the balance, the dispute between the five lakes and sixteen countries and the confrontation between the northern and southern dynasties lasted for 500 years. During the Three Kingdoms period, Jinan was under the jurisdiction of Wei State, and it was Jinan County of Qingzhou. In the seventh year of Zheng Zhi (246), Jinan was nationalized and became the fief of Cao Kai, the son of Cao Cao. "The reflection of Cao Zhangchuan" contains: "Zi. In the seventh year, 3,000 households moved to Jinan. At the beginning of Jacky and Jingyuan, there were 4,400 households. "
In 265 AD, Wei was destroyed by abdication, and the Jin Dynasty was established, which was called Emperor Wu of Jin in history and Western Jin in history. Emperor Wu of Jin rebelled against the Han Dynasty, weakening the separatist regime of the princes, and established the royal family with the same surname as the king, so as to shield the royal family and combat the influence of the gentry. In the first year of Taishi (265), Sima Yan divided the whole country into thirteen states and made 27 people king. These kings have their own fiefs and armies, and have the power to appoint and dismiss civil and military officials. Prince Sui Sima was made King of Jinan. Then, I spread the news that my son was arrested and my brother was arrested. After three generations, the country split. Back to the county.
In A.D. 290, Emperor Wu of Jin died, and the new chaos of power struggle began to expand, extending from the imperial palace to the imperial kings, and the famous "Eight Kings Chaos" in the state of Jin appeared in history, which led to 300 years of great turmoil and great division between Han people and non-Han people. There are as many as five or six non-Hanwang in Jinan, which shows that regime changes frequently and people's lives are unstable. By the end of Yongjia (about 3 13), Jinan County was moved from Ping Ling to Licheng. Since then, Jinan (Licheng) has become the seat of state, state, county and government. During the Jianxing period of the Western Jin Dynasty (365,438+03-365,438+07), Sima Gu, the younger brother of Sima Ye, became Hanwang, Jinan.
In 439 AD, the Tuoba nationality in the Northern Wei Dynasty (later renamed Yuan nationality and Xianbei nationality) unified the North, and the Northern and Southern Dynasties were formally formed. In the second year of Xing 'an in the Northern Wei Dynasty (453), Prince Tuobaili of Jianning was made King of Jinan. Tuoba Chong, the king of Jianning, was the uncle of Emperor Tuoba Tao of the Northern Wei Dynasty. After Tabarly's execution, this country except. In the third year of Emperor Taishigong of the Song and Ming Dynasties, that is, the first year of Tuoba Hong of the Northern Wei Dynasty (467), Cui Jingcheng, the secretariat of Jizhou, rebelled against Liu Song, and Tuoba Hong ordered Murong Baiyao to discuss. Murong Baiyao was a famous soldier in the Northern Wei Dynasty. As a Xianbei ethnic group, Murong family established Qianyan, Houyan, Southern Yan and other countries. Murong Baiyao is the great-grandson of Murong Huangguang, the former prince of the State of Yan. His father Murong Xuan was known for his incorruptibility when he was an official, and was named Gao Duhou. Murong Baiyao, the official to the right servant of Shangshu, entered the south township of Jue and met with General Annan. Murong Baiyao led 50 thousand cavalry to attack Jinan, and Cui relied on a large number of soldiers and food to hold on. Murong Baiyao built a long line of defense to trap him in the city. In the second year of Xing (468), Murong Baiyao attacked and pulled the east profile of Licheng, but Cui could not support it and had to surrender. Murong Baiyao was named King of Jinan for his merits. In October of the 4th year of Xing Dynasty (470), Emperor Tuoba Hong of Xian Wen killed Murong Baiyao, thus abolishing the county for treason. Emperor Xiaowen Justin (47 1-500) rehabilitated him. In the first year of Emperor Xiaowen (476), Tuoba Barrow was the king of Jinan. "Licheng County Records" said: "Barrow first established Jin 'an Gong and became king in the first year of next year. In seven years, he was renamed Zhao Jun and died in Kang. " In 483 AD, the country was abolished, and it was still a county to govern Licheng. In Xuan Wudi (500-5 16), Tuoba Chang, the son of Tuoba Tan, the king of Linhuai (the fourth son of Tuoba Tao, the emperor of Taizu), attacked the seal, died without worshiping, saying that he was in good health, and later changed the seal to King Jinan and his son Mies. Tuoba GUI became the king of Jinan. Barto-Ti's "Less talents, Beauty at that time", when people compared it with An (whose country was sealed in Xinyang, Henan Province) and Zhongshan Wang (whose country was sealed in Dingzhou, Hebei Province), commented: "All three are beautiful, but not as round as Jinan." Lu Sidao, assistant minister of Sanshou, said to Cui Xiu, a doctor in the official department: "Although the three talents have no advantages or disadvantages, the blessings are less than expected, and there are too many white things in Zhongshan, which is not as elegant as Jinan." Later, the Northern Wei Dynasty was divided into the Eastern Wei and the Western Wei. In 550 AD, Gao Yang destroyed the Eastern Wei Dynasty and became the emperor of Qi. In 560, Yin Gao, the son of Gao Yang, Wen Xuandi, succeeded to the throne, and was called Princess Di. In the first year of Gan Ming (560), Taidi and Empress Dowager abolished it as the King of Jinan and ate it in a county.
During the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557-58 10), Jinan County was an important county in Shandong Province and had an irreplaceable strategic position. In the first year of Xiang Dynasty (579), Yu Wenyun, the emperor of the Zhou Dynasty, wrote that Jinan County was the State of Chen, and his son Yuchun arrived in Jinan County that year to guard the country. The next year, he was punished for treason. In the Tang Dynasty, there were Li Zhe, king of Jinan, and Li Jun, king of Jinan County. In the 24th year of Yuan Shizu Zhiyuan (1287), only the King of Jinan was granted. In the first year of Tianshun (1457), Ming Yingzong made his second son, Zhu, king of Germany, and made him a fief in Texas. Zhu Yide asked to move his household registration to Jinan on the grounds of barren grass and sandstorm. Yingzong doesn't allow it. The late Tang Xianzong Zhu Jianshen acceded to the throne, approved his request, and gave him the abandoned fields of King Qi and Hanwang in Dongchang and Yanzhou, as well as the fields of Baiyun, Jingyang and Guangping belonging to the Jinan government. Zhu Zaicheng came to Jinan from Beijing in the third year (1467) and became the de facto king of Jinan. The following year, Ming Xianzong "ordered King Dede to pay half of Jinan's city tax for Tang Mufei, at an annual rate of 56,000 yuan." (Biography of King De of Ming Dynasty). With Pearl Spring as the center, King Zhu of Germany built a large-scale construction project, which occupied one third of the city, including the traffic hall, the love hall, the intention hall, the main palace, the East Palace and the West Palace. There is a memorial archway in front of the gate, which says "I want to keep Zibung".