Solving the employment problem depends on economic development. The "Program" proposes to do everything possible to stabilize and expand employment, adhere to the employment orientation of economic development, expand employment capacity, improve employment quality, promote full employment, and protect the treatment and rights and interests of workers. This fully shows that adhering to the priority position of employment in economic and social development is the concrete embodiment of our party's people-centered development thought. To implement this requirement, we need to build a virtuous circle of economic growth and employment promotion, and strive to expand the scale of employment, optimize the employment structure and improve the quality of employment while maintaining the steady growth of economic aggregate and the continuous upgrading of economic structure.
To adhere to the employment orientation of economic development, we must adhere to the employment priority in macro policies. Adhere to the implementation of macro-control focusing on stabilizing and expanding employment, take employment indicators as the basis for adjustment of macro-control orientation, and promote policies such as finance, finance, investment, consumption and industry to support employment. In the process of organizing and implementing development planning, adjusting economic structure and optimizing industrial layout, planning regional development and implementing major engineering projects, attention should be paid to strengthening employment impact assessment. Improve the employment demand survey and unemployment early warning and monitoring mechanism, promote the construction of employment information, dynamically observe and judge the employment trend, and provide strong support for macro-decision-making and formulating policies and measures.
To expand employment capacity and improve employment quality, we must highlight the employment-driven effect and promote the realization of more adequate and higher-quality employment. In the process of building a new development pattern based on smoothing the national economic cycle, give priority to the development of industries with strong ability to absorb employment; In the process of realizing innovation-driven connotative growth, cultivate new growth poles of employment and promote workers to achieve decent work; In deepening reform and promoting high-level opening up, we will stimulate the vitality of market players, stabilize employment and expand employment.
Improve the employment service system.
Employment service is an important carrier to promote market supply and demand matching, implement employment and unemployment management, and implement employment policy. After years of efforts, the employment service system in China has been gradually improved. At present, employment service agencies have been established at and above counties (districts), and more than 98% of streets and towns have set up service windows to provide free services such as registered recruitment, registered job search, career guidance, career introduction and entrepreneurship guidance, which has played an important role in the government's regulation of the market and helping the disadvantaged groups to find jobs. However, equalization is still not enough. The "Proposal" proposes that to improve the employment service system is to continuously build a convenient and efficient all-round employment service system that covers the whole people, runs through the whole process, radiates the whole region, and meets the needs of social job hunting, recruitment, entrepreneurship and other aspects.
First, we should promote the equalization of basic services, improve the service capacity of urban and rural public services, and break the restrictions of systems, departments and regions, so that workers can enjoy the same public services no matter where they come from or where they are employed and start businesses. Second, we should promote the intelligence of information services, establish a unified national information system, promote information interconnection and data sharing, and realize real-time matching and intelligent matching between supply and demand. Third, we must promote the precision of key group services, build a service model of accurate identification, fine classification and professional guidance according to the conditions and service needs of different workers, and provide personalized service measures and solutions. The fourth is to promote the diversification of service subjects, encourage and guide social forces to participate in employment services extensively and deeply, explore the establishment of volunteer teams such as entrepreneurial guidance experts and employment guidance experts, and provide professional services to workers through multiple channels. At the same time, formulate and publish new professional standards and actively guide workers to participate in training and market recruitment.
Pay more attention to alleviating structural employment contradictions.
At present and in the future, the total employment pressure in China still exists, but the structural employment contradiction is more prominent, which is manifested in the coexistence of recruitment difficulties and employment difficulties. This problem is becoming the main contradiction in the field of employment. The difficulty in recruiting workers is mainly due to the shortage of first-line production service personnel and technical personnel, and the recruitment rate of skilled personnel has remained above 1.5 for a long time. Employment difficulties are mainly due to the employment difficulties of some college graduates and older workers. This "dilemma" coexists because of the mismatch between labor demand and supply, and its crux lies in the lack of skills and skilled talents of some workers. With the improvement of development quality and efficiency, the continuous adjustment of economic structure and industrial transformation and upgrading, this phenomenon will become more prominent. The "Program" proposes to pay more attention to alleviating structural employment contradictions and accelerate the improvement of workers' skills and quality. This is not only an urgent task, but also a long-term solution, which has a very strong realistic pertinence. To implement this requirement, we need to focus on improving the skill level, ability and quality of workers, closely meet the development needs of society, industry, enterprises and individuals, and accelerate the development of skilled talents.
First, implement the "Skills China" action, promote the implementation of lifelong vocational skills training system, carry out large-scale and diversified vocational skills upgrading actions in a normalized way, and establish a long-term mechanism. The second is to improve the training, use, evaluation and incentive mechanism of skilled personnel, strengthen the basic capacity building of skilled personnel training, give full play to the main role of enterprises, establish and improve the support policies of technical colleges and secondary vocational schools, and smooth the career development channels of skilled personnel. Third, actively take measures to keep the enrollment scale of ordinary high schools, secondary vocational schools and technical colleges roughly the same, and improve the proportion of high-skilled personnel training from the source. Fourth, improve the vocational skills competition system, hold a comprehensive national skills competition, form a competition system with China characteristics, with national competitions as the main body and on-the-job training skills competition as the basis, give full play to the role of competition in promoting learning, training and evaluation, and actively create a good atmosphere of advocating skills and respecting talents in the whole society.
Improve the employment support system for key groups.
Stabilizing key groups will stabilize basic employment. The "Program" proposes to improve the employment support system for key groups. This requires more effective measures, more effective work, classified assistance, individualized policies, and all-out efforts to do a good job in the employment of key groups.
First, we should focus on the employment of young people such as college graduates. College graduates are the precious wealth of the country. Solving their employment problem is not only related to the realization of personal value and family happiness, but also related to the long-term development of the country and social harmony and stability. In the future, the scale of college graduates in China will remain high. Efforts should be made to improve demand and create more knowledge-based, technical and innovative jobs suitable for graduates; Efforts should be made to optimize supply and enhance the ability of graduates to adapt to the actual needs of the market and enterprises; Focusing on special activities, we will increase assistance to graduates who have left school without employment difficulties to help graduates find jobs better and faster. Second, we must actively promote the employment of migrant workers. Migrant workers are the main body of industrial workers in China and an important force in national modernization. It is necessary to further strengthen the trinity working mechanism of employment service, vocational training and rights protection, strengthen cross-regional labor cooperation, and guide migrant workers to go out for employment in an orderly manner; Support migrant workers to find jobs nearby and implement the policy of returning home to start businesses. Third, we must do a solid job in the employment of retired military personnel. Implement preferential support policies, strengthen targeted employment and entrepreneurship services, and stabilize and broaden employment channels; Enhance the effectiveness of vocational skills training, give policy support, and enhance the employability of retired soldiers. Fourth, improve the employment assistance system for vulnerable groups. Open the channels for the unemployed to seek help, provide targeted public employment services and vocational training, and promote the unemployed to achieve employment as soon as possible. For the disabled, family members with zero employment and other people with employment difficulties, in-depth arrangements, the establishment of ledger, dynamic management, to provide "one-on-one" refined services. It is difficult to achieve employment through market channels, and public welfare posts are used to support resettlement. Strengthen the basic living security of people with employment difficulties and keep the bottom line of people's livelihood.
Coordinating urban and rural employment policy system
Coordinating urban and rural employment is of great significance for actively guiding rural labor force to increase employment, promoting new urbanization and implementing rural revitalization strategy. The employment system for urban and rural workers to participate in market competition on an equal footing in China is being gradually established, and the employment organization system, public employment and entrepreneurship service system and vocational training system covering urban and rural areas are gradually improved, and the employment management and social security system for urban and rural workers are gradually improved. However, the wages of a large number of migrant workers are generally low, and the problems of poor employment stability and weak security still exist. The "Proposal" proposes to coordinate the urban and rural employment policy system. This is a clear requirement for the imbalance between urban and rural development. To implement this requirement, it is necessary to improve relevant systems and enhance the fairness of policies and measures.
First, we must promote the equality of employment system, eliminate all institutional obstacles that affect equal employment, such as household registration, region, identity, gender and industry, and create a fair employment environment that integrates urban and rural areas. Second, we must promote the equalization of employment services, implement the policy that migrant workers enjoy employment services equally in their places of employment, and treat them equally and fairly with local residents. The third is to strengthen the protection of rights and interests, improve the coordination mechanism of labor relations, strengthen the mediation of labor disputes, strengthen the supervision and enforcement of labor security, expand the coverage of social insurance, and promote the convergence of social security systems.
Improve the security system to promote entrepreneurship to drive employment and multi-channel flexible employment.
Entrepreneurship is the source of employment, and flexible employment is an important channel for employment, which is of great significance for stabilizing and expanding employment. The "Proposal" proposes to improve the guarantee system for promoting entrepreneurship to drive employment and multi-channel flexible employment, and support and standardize the development of new forms of employment. This is a deployment made according to the new situation, and we need to take active measures to promote it.
First, we must continue to optimize the business environment. Deepen the reform of the commercial system, actively broaden investment and financing channels, and implement inclusive and prudent supervision; Increase support for entrepreneurial entities and provide policy support such as venue support, rent reduction, tax incentives, and entrepreneurial subsidies. Second, we must continue to release the employment multiplier effect driven by entrepreneurship. Support the construction of a number of high-quality business incubation carriers and business parks, enhance the online and offline business service capabilities, and create an integrated business training system such as training and learning, business practice, consulting and guidance, and tracking and assistance; Carefully organize all kinds of entrepreneurial promotion activities at all levels, and cultivate and build a regional and comprehensive entrepreneurial ecosystem. Third, we must continue to promote multi-channel flexible employment. Encourage self-employment, increase part-time employment opportunities, support the development of new forms of employment, and clean up and remove unreasonable restrictions on flexible employment. Strengthen employment services, labor rights and basic living security for flexible employees.
Strengthening the employment priority policy, stabilizing and expanding employment is a systematic project, which needs to fully mobilize all forces. In accordance with the requirements of the "Proposal", we should put employment promotion in a more prominent position, strengthen organizational leadership, increase investment, improve the target responsibility system for employment work, and earnestly do a good job in this first-class livelihood event.