Now the Qingxi River has been stolen, and the river is unforgivable, and Fang La has been redeemed for nothing) 19. B (the ancients came of age at 20 and were crowned, also known as "weak crown", not 18) 20. D (Hou Meng didn't suggest reforming the currency, but he really didn't know it, so he reprimanded the official in charge) IV. Translation and dictation. (Scoring points: Pushing Hub, Yi, Bai and Yi, each 65,438+0, sentence meaning 65,438+0, ***5) (2) Answer: "If Cai Jing can be upright, even the ancient sages can't compare with him!" The emperor nodded and asked him to find out what Cai Jing had done.
[Score: make (the previous "make"), although, how to add, how to go up, each 1, sentence meaning 1, ***5] Attachment: Classical Chinese reference translation Hou Meng, a native of Gaomi County, Michigan. When I was less than twenty, I had a good reputation. I am eager to pursue justice and like to save people in trouble. Sometimes it costs thousands of dollars a day.
After taking the Jinshi, he was transferred to Baoji County, and later served as the county magistrate of Baixiang. Other people's lawsuits are decided by the court, and the punished people have no complaints.
The transshipment made Huang Zhuo know his name, wanted to recommend it, and told him to report it to the yamen. Hou Meng refused to go because he crossed his own country. Huang Zhuo was very angry. A few days later, he went to Baixiang County to check the documents and files, trying to overturn the established case and convict him. After checking for a while, there is nothing to blame. Only then did he receive him as a guest and said, "You are really a capable official."
Huang Zhuo led the emissary to recommend him together. Gao Yongnian, the general of Zhenxi, was killed by Qiang people. The emperor was very angry. He personally wrote the names of Liu Zhong Wu, the General of the Fifth Route, and others 18, and ordered Hou Meng to go to Qin Zhou to arrest and punish them.
When Hou Meng arrived at Zhou Qin, Zhong and others were all dressed in prison uniforms waiting for orders. Hou Meng explained to them, "You are all on the same side of Hou Bo. You don't need to let the prison guard insult you, just answer truthfully. " He was promoted to suggestion officer before the verdict of the case was reported.
Hou Meng said, "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty killed Wang Hui, so it is better for Qin Mugong to pardon Meng Ming. Yu Zi's hanging made the marquis of Jin very happy, and the death of Kongming lightened the status of Shu.
Now the Qiang people killed one of our guards, but eighteen generals died. This is self-mutilation. Is it possible to be healthy? "The emperor woke up, put the matter aside, no longer pursue.
Moved the minister of punishment to the Ministry of housing. In recent years, the sacrifice of suburban temples was completed ahead of schedule, and Shangshu was in charge of political affairs.
At this time, the emperor told him this in secret. Hou Meng replied, "This is not something that the lieutenants dare to do, because they want money to ask the monarch to improve themselves."
One day, the emperor casually asked, "What kind of person is Cai Jing?" Hou Meng replied: "If Cai Jing can correct his mentality, even the ancient sages can't compare with him!" The emperor nodded and asked him to find out what Cai Jing had done. Cai Jing bears a grudge when he hears about it.
There are drawbacks in the circulation of large denomination coins, and the court negotiated a depreciation of seven tenths. The official in charge of the national treasury reported: "All departments use cars to load large denomination coins to the shops to buy goods, and they all doubt that the monetary system will change." Hou Meng said, "How many stores are there in our treasury?" The official replied, "Eight thousand."
Hou Meng rebuked: "How can there be changes and I don't know!" The next day, the decree was promulgated. There are a few things that Hou Meng accepted the imperial edict alone, and Cai Jing didn't know it; Detective Cai Jing noticed these things and told the emperor. The emperor said, "Is it the same in Hou Meng?" Hou Meng is known as Bozhou.
When Song Jiang invaded JD.COM, Hou Meng wrote: "Song Jiang ran across Lu Yu with thirty-six people, and tens of thousands of loyal ministers did not dare to compete with him, so he would be superior. Now that the thief of Qingxi is in trouble, it is better to pardon Song Jiang and let him pacify Fang La to atone. "
The emperor said, "Hou Meng is a giant who lives in a foreign country but never forgets the loyalty of the monarch." He was appointed as the magistrate of Dongping, and died before he took office at the age of 68.
2. Look at the following classical Chinese and ask 1 after writing the composition. B 2。 A 3。 D 4。 (1) Hou Meng explained to them: "You are all on the same side as Hou Bo. You don't need to let the jailer insult you. Just answer truthfully."
(2) All departments use cars to load large denomination coins to shops to buy goods, and they all doubt that the monetary system will change. Analysis of 1 Analysis of test questions: This question examines sentence breaks in classical Chinese.
First of all, we should return the sentence to the text and understand the general idea in combination with the context. Master the nouns "Jiang, Qi Wei, 36 people, loyalist, Qingxi, Fang La" first, and then go back to the original text to check the correctness.
Punctuation: Thirty-six men of Jiang ran wild in the Qi and Wei Dynasties, and tens of thousands of government troops dared not resist, so they would surpass others. If Qingxi is stolen today, if we don't forgive Jiang, Fang La will be redeemed for nothing.
The location of the test center is different from modern Chinese in sentence pattern and usage. The ability level is understanding B.
Famous teachers should not rush to answer questions about the types of broken sentences in classical Chinese. He should read this passage first and try to have a general understanding of the full text through reading. With a sense of language, he will first disconnect what can be broken and gradually narrow the scope, and then concentrate on analyzing the difficulties and follow the principle of easy before difficult. Find function words, investigate dialogues, distinguish sentence patterns according to total scores and rhetoric, symmetry and repetition.
Grasp the function words to see the position: ① words such as "fu, Wei, beggar, fan, thief, please, respect" and adverbs expressing respect are often placed at the beginning of sentences; The modal particles "Qi, Gai, Wei, Ai, Fu, Qi Fu, Ruofu" at the beginning of a sentence can be punctuated, which is often used in the Prime Minister's exclamations about independence, such as Fu, Hu and Ai. , you can punctuate before and after; Some related words are often used at the beginning of sentences, such as Gou, Zong, Shi, so, however, in any case, Zhi Ruo, even then, Ran Ze and so on. , can be used to break sentences. Time words that often appear at the beginning of a sentence, such as "know each other", "know each other", "in a few days", "must have", "must have" and "may have", also help to break sentences. ② Modal words such as "Hu, Zai, Ye, Yi, Yi, Yan" are often placed at the end of sentences; At the end of the sentence, the modal particle "Ye, Ye, Ye, Zai, Hu, Yan, Er, Jiu" can be broken with a sentence.
(3) Conjunctions such as "I, Yu, Wei, Er, Ze" are often put in sentences. (2) Marking of dialogues and quotations: Dialogues and quotations in classical Chinese are often marked by "Yue" and "Yun". When two people talk, the name usually appears in the first conversation, and then "Yue" is used instead of the subject.
Regarding the use of function words to break sentences, here is a formula that may be helpful to students: "Take it when you say it" (:), "Sigh when you say it" (! ), "husband" and "cover" are mostly at the beginning of the sentence. "Yu" and "er" are usually in sentences. Draw a circle after "one" and "er". )
"Yeah" and "Hu" often express doubts (? ), then the role of "ye" and "zhe" should stop. Or the sentence (. )
Or tease (,) expression, remember each position. 2. Analysis of test questions: This question examines students' mastery of common sense of culture and literature.
In item A, the ancients were crowned at the age of 20, also known as "weak crown", not 18 years old. Locate the test center and remember the common sense of literature.
The ability level is memorizing A. The first thing we need to know is the memory method of combining point and surface.
Whether it is the review of China literature common sense in the senior high school entrance examination or the college entrance examination, we should highlight the key points; At the same time, we should also pay attention to all-round review (that is, pay attention to relevant knowledge points). When doing college entrance examination review questions, some knowledge points are often the key nodes of a place. As long as you catch them, everything can be solved.
For example, several novels of Lu Xun are selected in the textbook, and it is difficult to remember where each novel comes from. If you remember that all novels except "Blessing" are from "Scream", it will save time and be easy to remember, and get twice the result with half the effort. Secondly: let's take a look again. Vertical and horizontal memory method.
Because each era is different, each writer's writing background is different, thus forming a horizontal connection; Different works in the same period also have their own characteristics, thus forming a horizontal connection. Therefore, we should combine these criss-crossing knowledge points to form our own knowledge system network and realize fast and firm memory.
For example, there are three peaks in the history of China's ancient drama, namely, the Four Masters of Yuan Zaju plus Wang Shifu, Four Dreams of Linchuan by Tang Xianzu, and Southern Confucius in Qing Dynasty. Why can't you remember the history of China's ancient dramas? Finally, focus on understanding different mnemonics.
When memorizing some literary common sense, we can classify the relevant knowledge points, and then gather them together in a certain order according to the same knowledge to strengthen memory. It can be divided into: test site classification, style classification, state evaluation classification, article genre classification, subject matter classification and so on.
For example: genre of style, such as "pastoral school", "frontier school", "graceful school" and "bold school". The genre of the article, such as novel, poetry, prose, drama, etc.
The above-mentioned memory methods can not only be used alone, but also often used comprehensively in the actual memory process. It is not only a multi-angle memory of literary common sense, but also a repeated memory of changes, and the effect will naturally be better.
3. Test analysis: This question examines students' understanding of the text. Hou Meng did not propose to reform the currency value. He really didn't know until he reprimanded the official in charge.
The location of the test center summarizes the main points of the content and the central meaning. The ability level is analytical synthesis C.
The title of the famous teacher's finishing touch is a summary of the article. The methods to solve this kind of problem are as follows: ① Grasp the stem of the problem and read correctly.
When reading the topic, you must read it completely and accurately, and don't skim it. The so-called complete reading refers to the analysis of all the requirements in the stem of the question without omission and truthfully; The so-called accurate reading is to accurately grasp the requirements put forward by the stem and see whether it is right or wrong, whether it is to summarize the content or analyze the point of view.
Only by comprehensive and accurate analysis and understanding of the question can we answer the question accurately. (2) put back the original and check whether it is right or wrong.
Especially in the aspects of time, place, official position, characters' behavior, actual effect, etc., we should carefully check the words and phrases of the original text, fully understand and analyze them comprehensively. The difference between them is the key to grasp the full text. For specious, we should have the consciousness of explaining the text by using the topic.
4. Test analysis: In the first sentence, the key words are function words: "nothing" is unnecessary, "insult" is insulting, and "first" is just. In the second sentence, the main notional noun "Qi" is used as an adverbial, the car is loaded, the noun "Shi" is used as a verb, and the adverbial "Buy something in Sili City" comes after it.
Translation of test center location.
3. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the feats of the characters. The Nanling people in Xuanzhou have1:c1:d1:b1:① At that time, there was still a phenomenon of forming a party alliance (making friends) between the DPRK and China, and people were disloyal and obstructed the New Deal.
(2) How can you easily change his requirements by going back to the province and staying in court? (3) Cai Jing returned to Beijing from Qiantang and touched Ji Xu with obscure words, saying, "Your grades are above Botong, and Botong has already taken the lead."
The adverbial 1: give makes the adverbial 1: a pronoun, he/she syllables, meaningless; B. conjunction, lai/preposition, use; C. table entry/table inversion; D Cai Xiaoyu 1: ② refers to Ji Xu's political achievements. ④ It refers to Ji Xu's suggestion on revising history.
Ji Xu served the emperor. Question 1: This question examines translation ability.
The key words are: ① time, and: friendship, disappointment, meaning. (2) Pay tribute, pay tribute, go and win one point each.
(3) Make a phone call, whisper, and answer correctly, and each of them will get one point. Ji Xu is from Nanling, Xuanzhou.
He was recommended as a Jinshi and was elected as a professor in Guizhou. The imperial army marched eastward to Jiaotuo (now Vietnam), and the transshipment made Ji Xu enlist in the army.
The road to transport military pay is dangerous and suffocating, and most people serving in the army avoid it. (The government) captured more than 1000 people, and the emissary ordered Ji Xu to beat the people with a stick. Ji Xu said, "These people are indeed guilty, but they are all hungry, thin and sleepy. They can't stand being beaten with a stick. Let's dye their arms to show vigilance. " The messenger was very angry and wanted to impeach Ji Xu. Ji Xu argued and insisted on his own opinion, and the messenger could not change it forcibly.
Shu Qi heard of his reputation and recommended him as a counselor. Ji Xu despised him and refused to respond. Ji Xu was appointed as the chief judge of Tongzhou, and there was a berm by the sea, which was abandoned and not rectified. Every year, the sea is flooded and the people are miserable.
Ji Xu personally urged the defensive soldiers to build dams, and the people relied on Ji Xu's merits and benefits. Hui Zong acceded to the throne, was promoted to the position of Sheren in Zhongshu, and revised the History of Zongshen.
At that time, North Korea still had the phenomenon of forming alliances (making friends) during Shao Sheng's rule, and some people were disloyal to obstruct the New Deal. The emperor said to Ji Xu, "Every time I listen to the advice of officials, I am either cheating or flattering. Only you are the minister of bones, and I rely on you. "
Imperial edicts and Cai Jing * * * revised the precepts of the Five Dynasties. Ji Xu refused to serve Beijing and resolutely refused.
Move to Hanlin Bachelor. The national history has not been compiled for a long time, and the achievement said: "Zongshen's official history has been compiled for 14 years (5 years? Twenty years? Please correct me)
Failed to write a book. This is because Mitchell's likes and dislikes were different during Yuan You's little saint period. Fan Zuyu and other special directors take notes by Sima Guang's collection, while Cai Jing brothers simply use Wang Anshi's Daily Record to write their own works, so the comments are very chaotic.
At that time, the auxiliary house, family records, which one can't? I think we should take them all and try to correct right and wrong and integrate the ceremony. "The emperor felt reasonable, so he ordered Ji Xu to draft letters, alert historians, and let them choose and discard them with their hearts, so as not to make the history books inaccurate.
Ji Xu and He Shen Zhi followed the emperor in the palace. Cai Jing used his status as the emperor's old palace to please them, but Ji Xu never relented. I asked to visit my sick relatives in the province. It was suggested that Academician Hanlin did not leave Beijing. The emperor said: "The performance requirement is only to return to the province, not to leave the imperial court. How can (you) easily change his demands? "
Three years of Grand View is the year of Taiping House. * * * Seeing this, I tried my best to explain that the tea salt law has become the pain of the people. The emperor said: "Because of the lack of financial expenditure, the tea salt law was implemented."
Ji replied: "There are good ways to make money, good ways to manage money and good ways to use money. Now that the national treasury is empty, it can be solved as long as your majesty explicitly orders the relevant departments to study and discuss. "
The emperor said, "I haven't seen you for a long time. I saw you today, and I heard the dedication of Meiqin." Cai Jing returned to Beijing from Qiantang and touched Ji Xu with obscure words, saying: "Your achievements are above (He Zhizhong, word, Cai is the left and right phase), and you are already in the phase."
Ji said with a smile: "Everyone has his own interests. How can I change because of my wealth? " Beijing is too ashamed to answer, and its political achievements have never been reused. He died of illness at the age of 79.
Integrity, especially praised by the emperor's courtesy, was not reused, and the discussion at that time felt sorry for him.
4.( 1) Reading in Classical Chinese (19) Read the following text and complete10/0. A 1 1。 D (mistakes of "ignoring human feelings" and "generalizing") 12. C ("at the risk of being cheated"
(Pi, Gu, Epiphany, Fu Gu, each 1, which means 1) (2) Checking the level of its production capacity and increasing or decreasing taxes not only completed the task, but also enriched the tax revenue, which is beneficial to both public and private. (Examination, profit and loss, class and defecation, 65,438+0 each, meaning 65,438+0) Reference translation: Wang Ziyu, a native of Funing, Fujian.
My father, Wang Jiweng, was appointed as People's Republic of China (PRC)'s ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary to Guo Xin. He went to Japan to issue an announcement and was killed at sea. When Du Zhong was seven years old, he and his mother went to the court to state that his father was killed at sea in Japan. The sai-jo was very sympathetic and gave them a trip back to the south. He also gave 8,000 mu of Pingjiang field and a house.
Soon, sai-jo was grateful for his father's achievements and specially awarded Wang Pingjiang Road General Manager to manage the middle school. At this time, both of them are only 17 years old. Because of his youth, he was looked down upon by his colleagues.
Everything encountered in the city is analyzed, and the key points are easy to grasp. So the family was shocked and didn't dare to hide it from him. Kunshan used deception to buy and sell official land, which was exposed, but it has not been decided for eight years.
To this end, they read the previous documents and files to find out the truth, and those people will confess. Wujiang schoolhouse was in disrepair, and the county magistrate was absent. It is said that "everyone abides by the way of saints." Why can only one county magistrate do it? " So first I raised money from the rich man's house to build a new ceremony hall.
After the expiration of his term of office, he was appointed as the general manager of Chenzhou Road. Chenzhou is located in the upper reaches of Chu, and Xigu Cave roams among the people. The people of Chenzhou are afraid of their toughness and cunning and dare not trade with them. The king loved them, gave them grace and frightened them with majesty, so they were completely convinced.
Influenced by the barbarian customs, Chenzhou people like to fight, so they all built learning houses, displayed beans, played piano instruments, taught the people to learn the rites and music of ancient kings, invited Su Ru to enlighten them with righteousness, and finally changed their customs. Transfer to Raozhou Road Manager.
In case of famine, the price of rice soared, and the rice in the official warehouse was divided into three parts, and the price of rice was reduced by two tenths, so that ordinary people could buy it. Some elders gave him two ears of wheat and six ears of rice, saying, "This is a blessing from the Lord, and I am not worthy."
Take the matter to court. People built a memorial hall for him because of his mother's funeral.
After the mourning, the official paid tribute to Ambassador Haibei Hainan Road. In this book, provincial ministers have played a more important role than salt in the national economy and people's livelihood.
Therefore, according to the old system, Yanting kitchen households were established and ranked once every three years. This is the old system of our ancestors. The person in charge of this matter is afraid of being disgusted and has not carried out it for a long time.
Du Zhong said, "If a courtier is afraid of being accused, how can he do anything?" So I visited 34 saltworks to check their production capacity and decide whether to reduce or increase taxes, which not only completed the task, but also enriched the tax revenue, which was beneficial to both public and private. He resigned due to illness and went home. He died in the first year of Zheng Zheng.
Posthumously presented to Zhao Wen University Museum, Qingxian, posthumous title. He has been an official for more than forty years, and his achievements everywhere are extremely remarkable. Even the ancient law-abiding officials have no better achievements in governing the county.
His naive feelings are handed down from his own family. In addition to the land and house given by the emperor, the grain and salary given by the court were given to his relatives and the poor among them, so people praised him more. When I was young, I stayed in the capital and studied with Xu Heng, thus establishing my life ambition.
In middle age, he devoted himself to basic research and wrote three volumes of poems.