Luoyang issued a document that farmers who give up their land contracting rights and homestead use rights can settle in the city, with a maximum compensation of 6,543,800 yuan.
In terms of medical insurance and children's enrollment, they can enjoy the same treatment as urban residents, and finally hand over the recovered land to leading enterprises for unified management.
This document is the first in the province and the first in the country. Experts say that the direction is good, but the specialization of rural land is a long process and cannot be implemented too quickly.
Farmers can directly "transform" into urban residents by giving up land contracting rights or homestead use rights. Recently, Luoyang issued implementation opinions to encourage farmers to settle in cities. The biggest difference from the previous documents is that as long as you give up, you can not only get the highest government subsidy of 100 yuan, but also enjoy the same treatment as urban residents in terms of medical insurance and children's schooling.
■ Business Daily reporter Guo Fushou Intern Yin Nan
■ background
Encourage farmers to enter the city
Accelerate the process of urbanization
In fact, Luoyang has been considering this document for a long time.
Han Hongxian, deputy director of the Production Science and Technology Department of Luoyang Agriculture Committee, who participated in the drafting of the document, said that this year, the province issued 30 opinions to deal with the financial crisis and maintain steady and rapid economic growth, and Luoyang City issued 60 opinions to deal with the crisis according to the document. Among these 60 opinions, Article 49 is the content of encouraging farmers to settle in cities: give financial subsidies to farmers who give up their homestead and responsibility fields or only give up their responsibility fields, and solve the worries of farmers entering cities with policies such as employment security, housing, education and medical insurance-basic living security.
In fact, under the background of urbanization and urban-rural integration, what really made Luoyang take this step was the spirit of a conference on "accelerating the process of urbanization" held in Luoyang not long ago.
At the meeting, Luoyang set the goal of urbanization process: by 2020, the urbanization rate of Luoyang will reach about 65%. In the process of urbanization, the government can guide farmers to enter the city directly and take a "leap-forward" road of rural urbanization.
■ Policy
Give up the right to land contract
You can become a city resident.
According to the opinions issued by Luoyang City, farmers who transfer citizens to settle in the city can become urban citizens directly by giving up the contracted management right of land and the right to use homestead, or only giving up one of them, but the amount of subsidies they receive is different.
"The document is not mandatory, it is entirely voluntary for farmers." Han Hongxian said that as long as you give up one of them, you can convert your hukou into urban residents and get subsidies.
Farmers who give up the right to contracted management of land and the right to use homestead at the same time and become "double-giving" families to settle in cities can get subsidies of 8,000 yuan to 1 10,000 yuan each. Only give up the right to use the homestead subsidy of 5000 yuan per person, only give up the right to contracted management of land subsidy of 3000 yuan to 5000 yuan per person.
"This subsidy standard is calculated according to the rural economic income of Luoyang." Han Hongxian introduced that at present, the per capita land in Luoyang is 1.2 mu, and the per capita land area over 1.2 mu can only be subsidized by 5,000 yuan.
Meet family planning within 3 years and have a second child.
"As long as the hukou is transferred to the city and there is a discount for buying a house, the government can help find a job for free, and medical insurance can be the same as that of people in the city. Children will no longer pay borrowing fees when they enter school." Han Hongxian said that the unprecedented scope of preferential policies is a good opportunity for farmers to settle in cities.
Han Hongxian said that there is also a transition period for farmers to settle in cities. Within three years, all urban residents who "give up" or "give up" can refer to the Regulations of Henan Province on Population and Family Planning. Those who meet the requirements can have a second child according to family planning after approval. Within five years, you can continue to enjoy various incentive policies for rural family planning stipulated by the state, province and city.
■ willingness
Let farmers become real city dwellers.
If the government issues documents unilaterally without considering public opinion, the documents may eventually be aborted. Unless it is mandatory, is the document issued this time the wishful thinking of the local government?
Han Hongxian explained that before the publication of the document, it was not without investigation. Luoyang Municipal Bureau of Statistics conducted a detailed investigation on "farmers' willingness to enter the city".
In the survey, 97.6% migrant workers want their children to receive higher education, 77.3% migrant workers want their children to follow their parents to go to school in the city, and 32% migrant workers are most concerned about their children's education.
Moreover, the survey also found that in answering "what major problems do you want the government to help solve?" The first place is "enjoy the treatment of the city like a citizen", and nearly 30% of the farmers in the city put forward this hope. In other words, farmers are unwilling to be "second-class" citizens after entering the city.
"The opinions issued this time are fundamentally different from the previous documents, and it can also be said that they are fundamentally different from the documents of other provinces and cities. This time, instead of encouraging farmers to work or start businesses in cities, they actually turned farmers into urban citizens and settled down in cities. " Han Hongxian believes.
■ worry
What should I do if I can't afford a house in the city after losing my land?
After hearing that giving up the right to land contract can make you a city dweller, Rebecca, a 25-year-old farmer, works in a company in Jingsan Road, Zhengzhou City, and still has a homestead and an acre of land. What worries him is that he can't afford a house in the city. "I can't believe it when I hear so many preferential terms. It is really tempting. "
After thinking for a while, he said that the country's policy towards farmers is better now, and there are various subsidies. I feel that the rural hukou is good and I don't want to lose my hometown land. "There are too few subsidies. Now the housing prices in cities are too high and out of proportion. I also want to keep my homestead to build a house in the future. "
Lao Xue, a farmer from Luoyang who works at a construction site near Fengchan Road and Huayuan Road in Zhengzhou, said that he went out to work at the construction site during the slack season and saw that the city was really beautiful, but he could not settle here. He said that the neighbors in his hometown get along very well, and relatives and friends are all in the countryside. They are not used to living in the city and worry about what to eat after losing their land.
However, Gu Xin thought differently from them. He has been in Zhengzhou for 10 years. At present, the couple share a taxi and the whole family lives in Zhengzhou. "The land at home has not been planted for several years. I usually go home once a year and hand in the contracted land, but the subsidy is too small to buy a house in the city. "
Will it become a "second-class" citizen of the city?
Gu Xin's concern is that the hukou has been transferred to the city, but how to solve the problem of children's enrollment? Will it become a "second-class" citizen of the city? Can they enjoy medical insurance, social pooling and other benefits like city people? The opinion puts forward that as long as farmers settle in cities, as long as they become citizens, their children can enter schools nearby according to the area where their household registration is located, and they can be unified in management, unified in class, unified in teaching and unified in activities, and all borrowing fees are exempted.
Han Hongxian explained that in terms of housing, for farmers who have "given up" buying commercial housing, the registration fee will be halved when registering real estate; Meet the conditions of purchasing affordable housing, you can buy it with proof; In line with the conditions of low-rent housing security, the government will give subsidies according to regulations.
In terms of social security, whether it is "double exemption" or "single exemption", as long as they have registered as urban residents, they can participate in various social insurances in accordance with relevant policies and enjoy all the benefits enjoyed by citizens.
Han Hongxian introduced that those who did not participate in the medical insurance for urban workers and urban residents but participated in the new rural cooperative medical system can still enjoy the subsidy policy of the new rural cooperative medical system.
What if I can't find a job in the city?
According to the opinion, as long as the urban hukou is registered, public employment service agencies at all levels in Luoyang will provide free employment services such as policy consultation, employment guidance, employment information and employment introduction, which will be included in the city's "skills training plan" and vocational training subsidies will be given.
Moreover, those who have registered as urban residents and have difficulties in finding employment will be included in the "Employment Assistance Plan for People with Difficulties in Finding Employment in Cities and Towns" and enjoy employment assistance policies such as post subsidies and social insurance subsidies.
If their family members have the ability and desire to find employment within the legal working age, within three years from the date when all family members obtain the household registration of urban residents, the local government will provide 1 public welfare posts for their families, and the term of such public welfare posts is generally three years.
■ extension
This document is the first document of a state leader in this province.
In fact, the publication of such a document in Luoyang should be regarded as a pilot project in the whole province.
"The introduction of such a document is the first in the province and probably leading in the country." Han Hongxian said that it was still very difficult to draft documents at that time, and he wanted to refer to the regulations of other provinces and cities in China. However, he contacted many units and conducted relevant searches on the Internet, and found no relevant regulations, especially subsidy standards.
"Documents issued by other provinces and cities generally encourage farmers to enter the city, but there is no relevant content in terms of specific subsidies." Han Hongxian said.
In 2007, a similar document was published and aborted.
In fact, as early as 2007, Luoyang issued a similar document named "Notice on Printing and Distributing Opinions of Luoyang Municipality on Promoting Farmers to Settle in Cities and Accelerate the Process of Rural Urbanization (Trial)", but the document is basically equivalent to abortion.
At that time, the document also made relevant provisions for farmers to enter the city in terms of children's enrollment, settlement conditions, purchase of commercial housing, and establishment of enterprises. Among them, for farmers to give up their responsibility fields and homesteads, the policy of entering cities by households has been completely liberalized.
"But the effect is not obvious." Han Hongxian believes that the document published in 2007 aborted because there was no detailed subsidy and no good policy at that time. Farmers are worried about what to do if they lose their jobs after entering the city, whether they can enjoy the same treatment as people in the city, and so on. In other words, once farmers give up contracted land or homestead and enter cities, once they can't find jobs, there is no way out.
■ Outlook
Land is managed by leading enterprises in a unified way.
After farmers enter the city, what should be done with the originally contracted land and homestead? To whom? I believe many people will be puzzled by this problem.
"After farmers hand over their land, they can hand it over to the village first. The villagers' committee entrusts the reclaimed land to the industrialized leading enterprises designated by the government according to the overall planned use of land. "Han Hongxian said that according to the nature of the land, it belongs to basic farmland, and centralized farming is carried out, and other properties are managed in a unified manner. Han Hongxian said that this is also the direction and goal of future development. The ultimate goal is to let farmers live in cities, centralize land for unified management, and realize the urbanization process of society.
■ experts
The direction is good, but it cannot be implemented too quickly.
"The direction of the document is good, but the implementation steps should not be too fast." Zhang Zhancang, vice president of the Provincial Academy of Social Sciences and vice chairman of the Provincial Land Society, said that a large number of farmers should not be allowed to join the army of abandoned soil at once. After all, land is the basic livelihood guarantee of farmers, and the specialization of rural land is a long process.
Zhang Zhancang believes that the employment pressure in cities is relatively high at present, and it will be even more severe if more farmers concentrate on urban employment. "Now urban development is in a period of fluctuation. When the urban economy is good, more farmers can be absorbed to work in cities. However, once the urban economy fluctuates, the farmers are the first to lose their jobs, and the contracted land is their basic living guarantee and their retreat. "
"Of course, if you have the ability to find a long-term and stable job in the city, it is understandable to give up the homestead and contracted land." Zhang Zhancang said.