Lao She (1899 ~ 1966) is a modern novelist and playwright. Formerly known as Shu Qingchun, the word Sheyu. Lao She is his most commonly used pen name, and there are other pen names such as □ Qing, Hongse, □ Yu, She She, Feizi, etc. Manchu, Zhenghongqi people.
Life Experience and Creative Path Lao She was born in a poor family in Beijing on February 3, 1999. My father is a bodyguard guarding the imperial city. 1900 died in street fighting against Eight-Nation Alliance's invasion. Since then, the whole family has relied on the meager income of mother sewing clothes and doing odd jobs. Lao She spent a difficult childhood and adolescence in painting. The daily life of the complex made him familiar with drivers, handicraft workers, small traders, inferior artists, prostitutes and other urban poor struggling at the bottom of society, and knew their joys and sorrows. Influenced by the art of pavilions, he loved the traditional arts (such as Quyi and drama) circulating in the streets and lanes since childhood, and was attracted by its charm. From this environment, he received a different life education and artistic enlightenment from most modern writers in China. All these have had a great influence on him and left a distinct mark on his creation.
1906, with the support of others, Lao She went to a private school to study. Three years later, I transferred to another school. 19 12, studied in an ordinary middle school for half a year after graduating from primary school; In the second year, I was admitted to Beijing Normal School, and all the accommodation was provided by the state. 19 18. After graduating with honors, Lao She was appointed as the principal of the 17th public primary school and ethnic school in Beijing. From September, 65438 to September, 0920, he was promoted to the northern suburb to persuade students, and concurrently served as a private primary school teacher and manager of the Mandarin Counseling Society.
In the second year when Lao She was the principal of a primary school, the May 4th Movement broke out. He claimed that he only "saw the May 4th Movement, but didn't participate in it ... and was a bystander of this great movement" (How I Write Zhao Ziyue). This really made him have some estrangements and misunderstandings about young students and their activities for a period of time. However, the new trend of the times, including the literary revolution during the May 4th Movement, still impacted his thoughts. Originally, in the eyes of this young man who just came from the bottom of society, the corruption of the grassroots institutions of the warlord government and the hypocrisy of the defenders involved are all flaws and ugliness, and it is difficult to get along with them safely. When the May 4th Movement called for democracy, science and personality liberation, he was awakened from the life creed of "running a primary school conscientiously, respectfully obeying his mother, getting married and having children properly" ("What the May 4th Movement gave me"), and he made a new choice. 1September, 922, Lao She resigned from all her posts and went to the middle school of Tianjin Nankai School, which is famous for its enlightened new school, as a teacher of Guo Wen, where she wrote the first new literary work Jason Chung. Before that, I resolutely withdrew the engagement arranged by my mother. The following year, I returned to Beijing, where I served as a document sponsored by Beijing Education Association. At the same time, I work part-time in No.1 Middle School and go to yenching university to study English in my spare time. I once believed in Christianity. Although the road was not smooth sailing, the May 4th Movement urged him to get rid of the fetters of feudalism and secularism and seek a more meaningful life than he had already got.
1924, Lao She went to England and worked as a Chinese lecturer at Oriental College of London University. In order to improve my English, I read a lot of English works. Life and books opened a wider and more colorful world for him than he had ever seen before. Reading works further aroused his interest in literature. The loneliness of living in a foreign country and the growing homesickness need to be pinned and vented. Several factors are intertwined, prompting him to write down the people and things he saw in the form of literature and art. Lao Zhang's philosophy and the novel written by 1926 are based on what he learned in the field of education. Then he wrote the novels Zhao Ziyue (1926) and Ermayina (1929). The three works have been serialized in the publication of the Literature Research Association, Novel Monthly, and they are easy to write at once, full of Beijing local color, good at depicting the life and psychology of citizens, and attracting readers' attention. From the very beginning, his creation showed the characteristics of realism, with distinct artistic personality from language, style, content and theme. 1926, Lao She joined the Literature Research Association. He finally found a job and spent a full life in literature.
Lao She lived in England for five years. /kloc-in the summer of 0/929, France, Germany, Italy and other countries returned to China. On the way, I taught in an overseas Chinese middle school in Singapore for half a year because I raised the travelling expenses. When he was in England, he was excited about the domestic northern expedition. In Singapore, I felt the climax of the national liberation movement from the revolutionary enthusiasm of young students. Therefore, he interrupted the novel writing about the love between young men and women and wrote the novella Xiaopo's Birthday (1930) reflecting the awakening of the oppressed nation.
1930 In March, Lao She returned to the motherland. In July of the same year, he taught in cheeloo university. The following summer, he married Hu Yongqing, who later became a painter in China. 1934 was hired as a professor at Qingdao Shandong University. In these two universities, he successively offered courses such as introduction to literature, European literary trend of thought, foreign literary history and writing. Continue writing novels after school. A Tale of Cat City (1932) exposes the corruption in old China in the form of fables, and criticizes the conservative and ignorant national habits and the slave psychology of fear of foreigners. At the same time, it reveals pessimism about state affairs and misunderstanding about the revolution. This is a controversial work. Divorce (1933) describes the mediocre life of a group of civil servants, mocking and joking about it, fully showing his characteristics as a performer, critic and humorous writer in Beijing civil society, and it is a work that can well represent Lao She's style. The Biography of Niu Tianci (1934), the novella Crescent Moon (1935) and My Life (1937) all shoot the life scenes of ordinary people from the streets. The former is a mockery of secular life and citizen psychology, full of jokes; The latter two are attacks on human injustice, full of resentment and mourning, and the style of the works becomes heavy. A huge forest
Daxing 'anling District is located on the northeast slope of Daxing 'anling, facing the Russian Federation across the river, and is one of the areas with the highest latitude in the northern frontier of the motherland. The mountains here are green and the sea is blue; Rivers and lakes, surrounded by water and light, are quiet and fresh, and the natural scenery is simple and rough. The tourism resources in Daxinganling region have unique advantages in the distribution system of tourism resources in northern China.
The unique border scenery, Heilongjiang, the great border river between China and Russia, is the only unpolluted river between the two countries in the world today. Arctic Village in Mohe County is the only place in China where you can see the Northern Lights and the phenomena of extreme day and night.
Wild forest scenery. There are 7.3 million hectares of forests in Daxinganling, with a total area of 84,600 square kilometers, and the forest coverage rate reaches 7 1. 1%, there are more than 400 species of wild animals and more than 0/000 species of wild plants in the forest, making it a rare paradise for wild animals and plants in high latitudes in China.
Unique climatic conditions and geological landscape. Affected by the continental monsoon climate, the northern side of Ilhuli Mountain in Daxing 'anling region is high in mountains, deep in snow and cold in climate, especially in Huzhong National Nature Reserve, the largest forest ecological nature reserve in the northern temperate zone, where there is not only much snowfall in winter, but also high in mountains and wide in valleys, which is very suitable for special tourism activities such as scientific research, exploration and skiing. Affected by the long-term natural geographical environment, there are many landscapes in the reserve, such as "periglacial rock pillars", "Laotoulin" and "gravel slopes".
The long history of mankind. As early as the end of primitive society, that is, the late Paleolithic period, our ancestors had tribes living in this land. From Sushen, Xianbei to Shiwei people, there are many historical stories and touching legends of northern minorities, some of which can still be pursued today.
A very advantageous border crossing. The border line of Daxinganling area is 79 1. 5 kilometers, there are 19 pairs of villages corresponding to Russia. Mohe and Huma, two national first-class ports in Daxing 'anling region, have an economic radiation range of more than 2,000 square kilometers in five states, frontier regions or autonomous prefectures such as Chita, Amur, Primorsky Krai, Yakutia and Khabarovsk, and are "open from south to north" in our province and five countries including Russia, China, Mongolia and Japan.
Daxinganling is rich in forest eco-tourism resources: Huzhong Nature Reserve, the source of Heilongjiang, Dabaishan, the first peak in north-central China, Mohe Village, China Arctic, and Wusuli, the "China Arctic". It has a strong uniqueness and monopoly in China. The tourism resources in Daxing 'anling are embodied in four characteristics: big forest, big ice and snow, Northern Lights and Dajie River, which are the best forms of eco-tourism.
Daxinganling forest region is located in the northern border of China, which is the first of golden rooster and swan. Xiaoxing 'anling in the east, Hulunbeier grassland in the west, fertile Songnen Plain in the south and the Russian Federation across the Heilongjiang River in the north. The territory is mountainous and gray in Lin Mang, and it is known as the "Emerald on the Golden Crown". The spring tide is surging in Xing 'an, and the refreshing azaleas in Xing 'an Mountains are everywhere. In summer, Lin Mang is full of flowers, and the dense green forest is a summer resort and holiday resort. In autumn, the forest is fully dyed, the mountain fruit is fragrant, and the "Wuhuashan Mountain" with red, white, yellow, brown and green is in full view; Going to Xing 'an in winter is the most poetic, and the beautiful pines that are evergreen all year round set off the bright and crystal world of ice and snow, which is the best place for ice and snow tourism. In the vast green ocean, there are more than 400 kinds of rare birds and animals, such as red deer, reindeer, moose, sika deer, brown bear, sable, pheasant, hazel chicken, swan, mountain rabbit and musk deer. It is a natural hunting ground for hunting in four seasons. There are more than 20 rivers in Qian Shan, such as Ganhe River, Duo bucur River, Naduli River, Huma River and Ergon River, which are rich in rare cold-water fish such as sturgeon, hucho fish, mackerel and Jiang Xue fish. It is a good place for fishing. Starting from the source of Heilongjiang where Shileka River and Ergon River meet, there are pines, cypresses and pines on both sides, rapids and rapids, with beautiful scenery and endless dangers. Along the way, you can visit Gucheng Island, the site of the ancient battlefield of the Sino-Russian Jacques War, and appreciate the exotic customs of Russia on the other side. In China's famous "Arctic Village", visitors can take photos under the stone tablet of "China's Arctic" and enjoy the "white night" landscape of "Arctic Village" around the summer solstice. You can also see the magnificent natural scenery of China, which is the only place where you can enjoy the Northern Lights.
Huzhong Nature Reserve, a national nature reserve in cold temperate zone, is located at the highest peak of Daxing 'anling, with beautiful scenery, towering old trees and deep valleys. Among them, rare birds are in the sky, rare animals are in the mountains, and brocade scales show the original charm of the big forest in the depths.
The "Gaxian Cave", 45 kilometers west of Jiagedaqi, the "Capital of Linhai", not only has a beautiful and moving legend, but also is the earliest paleolithic market where the ancestors of Tuoba Xianbei lived. The stone wall in the cave can clearly distinguish the inscription of Tuoba Road's music stone for ancestor worship. From here, the Xianbei people in the Northern Wei Dynasty were moved to the south, which made immortal contributions to the great national integration and the reunification of the motherland. The natural scenery and unpredictable human history of Gaxian Cave attract tourists from home and abroad to visit ancient times. The Oroqen people who can ride well and shoot well are one of the Xianbei people who have not moved south. Their folk songs and dances and folk customs are famous at home and abroad. Under Yixian Cave and beside the bonfire, tourists can dance and eat meat with the Oroqen people, stay in the "Cuozi" for one night and enjoy the simple and heavy wind of the Oroqen people.
Our region is located on the northeast slope of Daxinganling, facing the Russian Federation across the river, and is one of the regions with the highest latitude in the northern frontier of the motherland. The mountains here are green and the sea is blue; Rivers and lakes, surrounded by water and light, are quiet and fresh, and the natural scenery is simple and rough. The tourism resources in our region have very unique advantages in the distribution system of tourism resources in northern China.
The unique border scenery, Heilongjiang, the great border river between China and Russia, is the only unpolluted river between the two countries in the world today. Arctic Village in Mohe County is the only place in China where you can see the Northern Lights and the phenomena of extreme day and night.
Wild forest scenery. There are 7.3 million hectares of forests in Daxinganling, with a total area of 84,600 square kilometers, and the forest coverage rate reaches 7 1. 1%, there are more than 400 species of wild animals and more than 0/000 species of wild plants in the forest, making it a rare paradise for wild animals and plants in high latitudes in China.
Unique climatic conditions and geological landscape. Affected by the continental monsoon climate, the mountains on the north side of Ilhuli Mountain in our region are cold in Gao Xue, especially the Huzhong National Nature Reserve, the largest forest ecological nature reserve in the north temperate zone, where there is not only much snowfall in winter, but also the mountains are high and the valleys are wide, which is very suitable for special tourism activities such as scientific research, exploration and skiing. Affected by the long-term natural geographical environment, there are many landscapes in the reserve, such as "periglacial rock pillars", "Laotoulin" and "gravel slopes".
The long history of mankind. As early as the end of primitive society, that is, the late Paleolithic period, our ancestors had tribes living in this land. From Sushen, Xianbei to Shiwei people, there are many historical stories and touching legends of northern minorities, some of which can still be pursued today.
A very advantageous border crossing. The boundary of our region is 79 1. 5 kilometers, there are 19 pairs of villages corresponding to Russia. Mohe and Huma, the first-class ports of two countries in our region, have an economic radiation range of more than 2,000 square kilometers in five states, frontier regions or autonomous prefectures, such as Chita, Amur, Primorsky Krai, Yakutia and Khabarovsk. In our province, it is "linked to the south and opened to the north" with five countries, including Russia, China, Mongolia and Japan.
The forest eco-tourism resources in our region are very rich: Huzhong Nature Reserve at the source of Heilongjiang, Dabie Mountain, the first peak in Central and North China, Mohe Village in China Arctic, Wusuli in China Arctic, etc., which have strong uniqueness and monopoly in China. The tourism resources in Daxing 'anling are embodied in four characteristics: big forest, big ice and snow, Northern Lights and Dajie River, which are the best forms of eco-tourism.