Urumqi, commonly known as Urumqi, formerly known as Dihua, is the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the political, economic, cultural, scientific, technological, educational and transportation center of Xinjiang. The whole city covers an area of 142 16.3 square kilometers and governs 7 districts 1 county.
Urumqi is located in the northwest of China, in the middle of Xinjiang, at the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain, in the hinterland of Eurasia, adjacent to Central Asian countries, and has the title of "Asia Capital". It is the most inland city in the world and the farthest city from the ocean and coastline.
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Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, referred to as "Xin" for short, with Urumqi as its capital, is located in the northwest border of China, and is one of the five minority autonomous regions in China. With an area of16315.85 million square kilometers, it is the largest provincial administrative region in China, accounting for one sixth of the total land area of China. The resident population is 24,446,700 (at the end of 20 17).
Xinjiang is located in the hinterland of Eurasia, with a land border of more than 5,600 kilometers, bordering Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Mongolia, India and Afghanistan. Historically, it was an important passage of the ancient Silk Road, and now it is the only place where the second "Eurasian Continental Bridge" passes, and its strategic position is very important.
There are 47 ethnic groups in Xinjiang, mainly including Han, Uygur, Kazak, Hui, Mongolian, Kirgiz, Xibe, Tajik, Uzbek, Manchu, Daur, Tatar and Russian. It is one of the five minority autonomous regions in China. According to the results of the sixth national census, Xinjiang ranks fifth in the proportion of people with higher education in 24 provinces and cities. Xinjiang will fully implement the 14 free education policy in southern Xinjiang, promote 14 free education in other regions, and gradually realize 15 free education in the whole region, that is, 3 years before school, 6 years in primary school, 3 years in junior high school and 3 years in senior high school.
In 60 BC, the central government of the Western Han Dynasty established the Western Regions' Capital Protection House, and Xinjiang officially became a part of China's territory. 1884 Qing government established a province in Xinjiang. 1949 peaceful liberation of Xinjiang. 1 955 65438+1October1Xinjiang Autonomous Region was established. There are 14 prefectures, cities and 89 counties (cities) in Xinjiang, including 33 border counties (cities).
Baidu Encyclopedia-Urumqi