First, expand reading, increase language input, and cultivate reading appreciation ability
Reading is the basis of writing, one of the important means to consolidate and master words, and an important way to improve students' writing ability. Primary school is an important period of basic education in China. Chinese reading should not only start with the existing textbooks, but also cultivate students' good habit of loving reading and expand extracurricular reading. In classroom teaching, we should increase interaction, stimulate students' interest in learning Chinese, arrange some excellent reading materials related to the author of the text after class, extend classroom teaching to extracurricular, list systematic reading training plans, and cultivate the appreciation ability of literary works.
1. Students are recommended to read Andersen's Fairy Tales, Pupils' Composition, Pupils' Books, Pupils' Essential Ancient Poems, San Zi Jing, Thousand Poems, Disciples' Rules and other reading periodicals and famous works at home and abroad. Classics have rich and profound power in influence, content and thought, and the works contain the author's unique opinions and thoughts everywhere. To a great extent, students can improve their writing ability quickly through reading, and at the same time, it also plays a good role in edifying students. Appreciate the world in the book from reading, and inherit the essence of Chinese studies in the study of China's classical literature, so as to be knowledgeable.
2. Choose to encourage students to develop the good habit of reading notes. In reading, when you encounter good epigrams or words, sentences and paragraphs describing people, scenery and experiences, you can extract them, and experience the beauty of language while reading, so as to deepen your impression and consolidate the use of these expressions. Perseverance, in reading, students can not only improve their reading appreciation ability, but also accumulate a large number of words and sentences, subtly enriching students' language database. Over time, in writing, students can freely use them to quote and borrow, adding luster to their writing expression.
3. Organize ancient poetry recitation competitions, poems and songs, reading notes appraisal and other activities. Primary school is the period when students have the strongest memory. During this period, it is very helpful to pay more attention to the cultivation of reading training, increase the reading of excellent works, increase the memory of famous sentences and paragraphs, and improve the writing ability by reciting. Encourage students to actively participate, stimulate students' enthusiasm for Chinese reading in the process of selecting materials and preparing to participate, and create a good atmosphere for Chinese reading and learning in memorizing. At the same time, students' language expression ability, emotional mobilization ability and perception ability will be improved to some extent.
Second, observe carefully, enrich thinking and imagination, and cultivate the ability of observation and association.
Pupils are sensitive and can make a keen response to external things. In this stage of Chinese teaching, students' observation ability, imagination and association ability should be fully mobilized.
1. Cultivate observation ability by keeping a diary
Composition teaching should stimulate students' emotions and inspire students' understanding. Cultivating students' observation ability in perception, everything in nature and ordinary little things in daily life can trigger our perception and thinking. But although the children think it is beautiful, they can't write it. There are so many things happening every day in life that children tend to ignore the little things around them that deserve attention, so they have nothing to say or write. Therefore, cultivate students' habit of keeping diaries and their ability to observe life. Write about graceful weeping willows in spring, cicadas in summer, maple leaves in autumn, snowflakes in winter, herringbone geese, small ants moving before it rains, and beautiful nature breeds all kinds of animals and plants. This is not only an intuitive teaching aid, but also an inexhaustible writing material for composition teaching. Teachers use this advantage to guide students to observe carefully and let students "see the scenery". Introducing this kind of situational education into composition teaching in primary schools will get twice the result with half the effort. You can also write about potted plants and pets kept at home, games with classmates, weekend outings, family reunions on holidays and so on. Teachers can also help them list propositions, so that students can observe purposefully, and they will not have nothing to say when writing. Let the students write down what happens every day in their diaries, talk about it and discuss it. Over time, students will know what is valuable. Size is not important. Instruct students to write about their real life instead of making it up out of thin air. Let students know that telling the truth, writing facts, and telling the truth is composition.
2. Stimulate relevant associations by observing life.
Imagination is more important than knowledge. Let students plug in the wings of imagination, and writing will be more colorful. Rich imagination can help students use rhetoric flexibly, so that the composition is no longer monotonous. But imagination can't be divorced from reality and careful observation of reality, otherwise it will be unconstrained and unconstrained.
For example, when students see autumn reeds, they will write "Autumn reeds are like rabbit feathers". Reed swaying in the wind is like a feather in the eyes of students, and it is also white, but rabbits have no feathers. This is to examine students' observation ability, let students observe the difference between rabbit hair and bird hair, help students correct their cognition of things, and cultivate their ability to observe things carefully. For example, if you write an imaginary composition of "If _ _ _" or "Future _ _ _", students can boldly join their imagination according to their current life and scientific and technological level, and build an ideal science fiction kingdom and fairy tale world, so that students can spread their imagination wings and fly freely in the imaginary world.
Third, accumulate a lot of hair, mobilize language output, and cultivate writing and expression skills.
Writing is to transform the language, vocabulary and knowledge acquired through input to express one's true feelings. Writing ability is a kind of written expression ability, which reflects students' comprehensive training and understanding of words, phrases, sentences and articles. Based on the above training ideas, the cultivation of reading, excerpting and reciting has accumulated the input of language vocabulary for students from three aspects and cultivated the ability of language appreciation; Keep students' keen observation and perception of the outside world through diary, and stimulate students' imagination based on life observation. In the cultivation of reading and writing, it is not difficult to keep the balance between students' language input and language transfer ability, so that students can freely express what they see, hear, feel and think by using the language skills acquired in reading.
In short, Chinese reading and writing teaching in primary schools should complement each other, be close to real life, entertain and entertain, and eliminate students' fear of writing. Through reading, students can broaden their horizons, enrich their knowledge, activate their imagination, pay attention to the inspiration and cultivation of daily writing, and complement each other in reading and writing practice.