1. Dispatching automation: divided into national dispatching, provincial dispatching, local dispatching and county dispatching. It is used to dispatch and command the power generation and transmission of substations and power stations to realize automatic management;
2. Substation integrated automation: it is divided into 500KV0KV0KVKV level substations for local monitoring and data transmission to dispatching automation system; 3. Automation of distribution network: automatic management of distribution network monitoring in urban 10KV system, optimization of urban distribution network structure, rational and efficient management of electricity consumption, timely prevention of accidents and timely handling of faults;
4. Distribution automation; The automatic management of power distribution equipment for end users such as factories and buildings can improve the reliability of power distribution system operation, predict accidents in advance, improve work efficiency and achieve the purpose of economic operation. Taking the solution of Swire distribution automation system in the United States as an example, the principle and application of distribution automation are expounded. With the continuous development of power grid and the continuous growth of power load, various new types of loads are constantly emerging, users pay more attention to power quality issues, and at the same time put forward stricter requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction. Users need more effective power monitoring and management solutions to meet the challenges brought by the above changes, so as to realize the continuous, reliable, efficient and low-consumption operation of the distribution system. Power monitoring system is a complete power monitoring and management solution provided by Swire Electric Company according to the power management needs of users, which is used to realize the optimal management of power equipment and power system operation. ZEpower electric power monitoring system adopts modern communication technology and computer technology to realize various analysis and management functions of the distribution system, improve the management efficiency of the distribution system, ensure the reliable and safe operation of the distribution system, help users achieve the purpose of reducing electricity consumption, and thus create value for users. Power monitoring system plays an important role in power system, municipal medical treatment, intelligent building, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, light industry, public transportation, water treatment and other fields. In the design of multi-power supply system and multi-transformer distribution system, bus segmentation and wiring are all carried out by switches. There are many ways, not just to cut off the faulty line. Sometimes it is equipment maintenance, sometimes it is standby power supply, and sometimes it is line load adjustment. Reasonable distribution network is the basis of implementing distribution automation, and distribution network planning is the first step of implementing distribution automation. Distribution network planning should follow the following principles:
(1) Follow relevant standards and combine with the local power grid reality;
(2) The trunk line is connected by ring network and operates in an open mode, and the lines and equipment meet the requirements of load transfer;
(3) The trunk line shall be divided into 3~5 sections, and section switches shall be installed. Based on informatization, subsection main distribution automation integrates online and offline data of distribution system, distribution network data and user data, power grid structure and geography to form a complete automation system, which realizes the monitoring, protection and control of distribution network and its equipment in normal operation and the automation of power consumption and distribution management in accident state, and finally achieves the goal of greatly improving power supply reliability and power quality. The basic functions of distribution automation and comprehensive function optimization based on distribution network informatization are introduced below. CSDA2000 distribution automation system of Beijing Hardway Sifang Protection and Control Equipment Co., Ltd. is adopted.