Small and medium-sized enterprises, because of their small scale and relatively limited manpower, financial resources and material resources, cannot manage a variety of products to spread risks, nor can they compete with large enterprises in the large-scale production of a certain product.
Therefore, the limited manpower, financial resources and material resources are often put into the small market neglected by large enterprises, and they focus on the operation of a small product to continuously improve the product quality and production efficiency, so as to gain a firm foothold in the market competition and further achieve greater development.
Judging from the similar successful experiences of countries all over the world, it is one of the most effective ways for many small and medium-sized enterprises to survive and develop in the fierce competition to choose market segments that can enable enterprises to give full play to their own advantages and take the growth path of making up for deficiencies with small ones and winning with special ones.
In addition, with the professional and cooperative development of social production, more and more enterprises have got rid of the organizational forms of "big and comprehensive" and "small and comprehensive". Small and medium-sized enterprises have established close cooperative relations with large enterprises through specialized production, which not only objectively and strongly supports and promotes the development of large enterprises, but also provides a reliable foundation for their own survival and development.
(2) The business scope is wide, the industry is complete and various; The cost is high and the task of improving economic benefits is arduous.
Generally speaking, large-scale, single product production can give full play to the advantages of equipment and technology, and the investment is huge, but large-scale, single variety can only meet the needs of social production and people's daily life. When some small-scale personalized needs appear, large enterprises are often difficult to meet.
Therefore, in the face of the increasingly prominent consumer demand in today's era, the production of consumer goods has changed from large-scale and single to small-scale and diversified.
As individuals, small and medium-sized enterprises generally have the shortcomings of single business variety and low production capacity, but on the whole, they have the business advantages of being close to the market, close to customers, flexible mechanism and quick response, so they are conducive to adapting to diversified and ever-changing consumer demand;
In the field of retail business, the sporadic and diverse daily consumption needs of residents can be met through the flexible service methods of thousands of small and medium-sized enterprises.
(3) Small and medium-sized enterprises are the fastest growing force in scientific and technological innovation.
Modern science and technology have two influences on the development direction of industrial technology, equipment and products. On the one hand, it is developing in the direction of large-scale and centralization; On the other hand, it is developing towards miniaturization and decentralization. The miniaturization and decentralized production of products provide favorable conditions for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Under the condition of new technological revolution, the founders of many small and medium-sized enterprises are often scientific and technological personnel of large enterprises and research institutes, or university professors. They are often managers, owners and inventors, and can immediately put new technological inventions into practice.
Because of this, since the 1970s, small and medium-sized enterprises with new technologies have mushroomed, and they have achieved great success in the fields of microcomputers, information systems, semiconductor components, electronic printing and new materials. Many small and medium-sized enterprises have rapidly grown into world-famous large companies such as Hewlett-Packard, Microsoft, Yahoo, Sony and Xerox in just a few years or longer.
(4) Poor ability to resist business risks; Weak funds and poor fund-raising ability
Liquidity accounts for a high proportion of GDP.
In China's economy, compared with the world situation, China is one of the countries with the highest proportion of liquidity provided by commercial banks, and liquidity is also risky, such as whether products can be sold. In China, the concept that liquidity can be completely dependent on banks has been formed. In China, liquidity accounts for more than 70% of GDP, while in some countries it is only about half that of China, and in China it is only 1/3.
There are two main reasons why the working capital loan is so large: the inventory of raw materials and intermediate materials is very large; Enterprises' own funds, such as provident fund and retained profits, are used to expand investment in reproduction and capital construction, which leads to a large dependence on banks for liquidity. However, according to incomplete statistics, the rejection rate of SME loan applications reached 56%.
Extended data:
The role of small and medium enterprises:
1, fill in the gaps
Small and medium-sized enterprises can play a unique role in meeting customers' small or special needs for certain products.
2. Employment reservoir
Small and medium-sized enterprises are not as strict as large enterprises in labor skills and quality, and can absorb a lot of labor.
3. Promote technological innovation.
The pressure of competition urges small and medium-sized enterprises to develop competitive products and occupy various market gaps, thus making many small and medium-sized enterprises an important source of new technology development.
strategic thinking
1, the idea of centralized management; Focus limited resources on key business areas and increase market share.
2. The management concept of quick response; Another important idea that small and medium-sized enterprises should establish is that the ship should turn around.
3. The idea of filling the vacancy;
4. The concept of characteristic management; Develop products that are different from large enterprises and have their own characteristics to meet customer needs.
5. The concept of flexible management; Make full use of the characteristics of strong adaptability to market changes.
6, the idea of joint operation, the implementation of joint operation is an important idea that small and medium-sized enterprises should establish.
Baidu encyclopedia-small and medium-sized enterprises