(1) customer requirements. That is, VOC can usually be represented by intimacy graph and tree graph. Different products have different customer needs. For example, a car, the customer's demand may be that the door is easy to open; For banks, the customer demand may be that there is no need to queue up for withdrawal. QFD is used to deploy) VOCs, not collect VOCs. Collecting VOC is another relatively independent process.
(2) product characteristics. They can also be represented by intimacy graph and tree graph. Product characteristics are the means we use to meet customer needs, and product characteristics vary from product to product. For example, for doors, the product characteristic may be the force required to close the door; For lawn mowers, the product characteristic may be the thrust required for rotating the shaft. Product characteristics must be expressed in a standardized way. In QFD, customer requirements are used to generate product features.
(3) The importance of customer demand. We should not only know what customers want, but also know the importance of these needs to customers.
(4) Planning matrix. The matrix contains the competitive analysis of the products of major competitors. There are three columns in the matrix, which respectively represent the improvement (improvement rate) of existing products, the possible increase in sales volume (point of sale) after improvement, and the score of each customer's demand.
(5) the relationship between customer demand and product characteristics. This is the ontology (middle part) of the matrix, indicating the contribution and influence degree of product characteristics to each customer's needs.
(6) the relationship between characteristics and characteristics. Generally speaking, the change of one characteristic often affects another. Usually this effect is negative, that is, the improvement of one characteristic often leads to the deterioration of another. The feature relation diagram enables us to distinguish the influence between these features in order to find a compromise.
(7) target value. This is the result of the influence of the above parts on product characteristics.
The house of quality was put forward by American scholars J.R.Hauser and d. c. 1 Yu 1988. "House of Quality" is the core of QFD. House of quality is a graphic method to determine the relationship between customer demand and the performance of corresponding products or services. House of quality has always been a classic tool to connect user needs and product attributes in product development. For example, in the development of a camera product, market research has obtained some requirements of users for the product, such as light weight, convenient use, reliability, easy handling and so on. Through the work of marketers and designers, the feasible ways to realize different needs are determined. At the same time, this process eliminates some requirements that cannot be realized by current technology, just like choosing furniture. A complete house of quality also includes the performance of competitors, the relationship between technical indicators, the importance score of technical indicators and other information.
Although the house of quality is a classic tool, it is only a basic tool and still has limitations in the complex product design system. For example, this tool is not a perfect tool for residential products. Because residential products are not the superposition of simple attributes, but comprehensive solutions. People's overall demand for housing products drives people's demand for housing space and its balance. In this way, there is a two-level mapping relationship between housing demand and housing products, on the one hand, the overall mapping, on the other hand, the mapping between various spatial attributes.
User-centered product development is based on the use of professional research technology to explore the deep needs of consumers. This demand is highly concentrated and is the original driving force needed by products in a certain period of time. If the research on consumer demand is to capture the erratic brain waves and establish an effective connection between marketing language and design language, we can decipher the password in consumers' hearts, so as to finally make demand information really play a role in product development.
House of quality is an intuitive expression of matrix framework and a tool of QFD method. Establish the basic framework of quality house, give input information, get output information through analysis and evaluation, and realize a demand conversion. As shown in figure 1, the usual house of quality consists of the following generalized matrix parts: what matrix indicates what is needed; How matrix, indicating how to do it in the cloud according to the demand; Correlation matrix, which represents the correlation of WHATS items; The correlation matrix of HOWS represents the correlation of each item in HOWS array; Evaluation matrix, indicating the degree of organization or technical cost evaluation of HOWS project; Competitive or competitive or feasibility analysis and comparison. After the establishment of the house of quality, the output item-HOWS item is obtained through qualitative and quantitative analysis, which completes the transformation from "what is needed" to "how to do it".