Memorization, review, vocabulary selection and reproduction are four aspects that need to be improved. Before we talk about memorizing words formally, let's learn about the role of memorizing words in English learning from the psychological point of view. Only with psychological preparation can we put it into action. As long as you are willing to recite words and can't learn grammar at all, you can get 80%~90% of English in primary and junior high schools. As long as you can recognize 3,500 words in high school and get 80 points in the college entrance examination, you can pass the exam with a little grammar.
Memorizing words plays a great role. Only when we have a sufficient understanding of this point can we avoid detours in English learning.
Word memory method 1, time planning method
Memorizing English words involves a concept about memory psychology, called "memory cycle". Memory cycle refers to the longest memory time that we can try to remember a word without reviewing it. The longest memory cycle that most people can keep is 60 days. When you don't review a word for more than 60 days for the first time, your impression of the word will completely disappear.
Understanding this phenomenon will be of great help to our memory of words. This phenomenon reveals why many students forget the previous situation when memorizing words. Many teachers, parents and teachers in training classes will make students recite words step by step, such as 10 words every day. This method has been adopted by many people, and it sounds reasonable. You can simply do a multiplication, recite 10 words every day for 365 days a year, and you can master 3650 words a year.
However, this is not the case. Because it violates the principle of "memory cycle", when your memory cycle is too long, you can't plan to review any words you have recited during the memory cycle, and as a result, you forget the previous ones.
Therefore, taking 3500 English words in senior high school as an example, the correct way to recite words is: recite 100 words every day for 35 days, and then review 200 words every day for two consecutive rounds. In this way, any word you recite can be reviewed to 1 on the 36th day, and to the 2nd time on the 54th day, and any word you recite can be reviewed once and twice in the 60-day memory cycle. Solve the painful situation that "the back forgets the front, and the front forgets the back".
2, the use of muscle memory method
Reciting words should be good at using muscle memory. Many students only recite words with their eyes. Although the eyes are the windows to the soul, 90% of the information is obtained through the eyes, but the memory of the eyes is not good. Because the eyes get too much information, most of it will be selectively forgotten by the brain. Through the information seen by the eyes, the brain has no way to distinguish what is important and what is not. It needs to be emphasized in other ways, which can help the brain form long-term memory.
When it comes to muscle memory, the most important muscle memory is our mouth and ears. Any teacher with good English will tell everyone to open their mouth when reciting words. The function of opening his mouth is to use the muscles of his mouth to help you remember, and at the same time let your voice feed back to the brain through his ears, so that the brain knows that this is important information.
How strong is the role of opening your mouth? If you recite words and chew your mouth, you can get 10 times more memory than your eyes. There are more than 300 muscles in your mouth, which is a very powerful muscle group. As long as you are willing to speak, reading every muscle will increase your chances of memory. Through the emphasis of sound waves and ears on the brain, the brain knows that the words you are reading now are the key content you should master, and the brain will selectively keep such information in the brain to form medium-and long-term memory.
3. Use memory method to improve memory efficiency.
Even if many students know that they have to recite 100 words every day, they may choose to give up because they can't recite 100 words quickly. If you spend more than an hour on the word 100, then you are in a state of low memory efficiency. At this time, you should learn three ways to improve memory efficiency:
These three free methods can quickly improve your memory efficiency, so that you can remember 100 words in just one hour every day. These three methods can be used in combination. As long as you can put them in place, you can not only improve the memory efficiency, but also quickly change from the original short-term memory mode to medium-and long-term memory.
The method of reviewing words in primary and secondary schools, we learn English mainly to face the exam. It is meaningful to solve the test ability first, and then talk about other abilities. Without the ability to test, we will endorse our English ability with scores, so that others will not recognize our English ability.
In the English test, 70% of the scores are objective questions, and the requirements for new words in this part of the questions are recognized first. Therefore, we should review the strategies of words and grasp the recognition. Only by mastering this ability can we know the meaning when we see words, and then understand the meaning of articles and topics.
1, English reading and oral Chinese review test
When we use the three methods mentioned above to do "one back, four reviews" and four reviews, we should take out the vocabulary, cover the Chinese part of the words with opaque white cardboard, and watch English and speak Chinese. Train yourself to conditionally reflect the Chinese meaning when you see words. Find the forgotten and focus on the memory.
2. Students or parents should check "listening".
Memorizing words is not only the ability to know the meaning of words when you see them. Listening is a test in the exam, so you should also train yourself to know the meaning of Chinese when you hear words. So we can ask our classmates or parents to help us read English words, and then we can say the Chinese meaning on the word list with our mouths after hearing the words. It doesn't matter if parents don't understand English reading. You can look up words with the help of mobile phone software, and then click the pronunciation key. After hearing the pronunciation of words, you can say the Chinese meanings listed in the glossary. Find the forgotten and focus on the memory.
3. Overcome memorizing only words but not Chinese meanings.
The two review methods mentioned above are helpful to overcome the situation of "only remembering words and forgetting Chinese meaning". But in the process of memorizing words, we should actually take precautions against such a situation. The 1 method in the "three ways" emphasizes that words should be spelled alternately in Chinese and English and read aloud quickly. Like this: "Apple Apple A-P-P-L-E" can help "words", "Chinese meaning" and "spelling" form conditioned reflex associations in the brain.
As long as these three steps are achieved, the memory of words such as "time planning method", "three major memory methods", "one back and four reviews" and "weekend review" in cities can be transformed from short-term memory to long-term memory.
The choice of thesaurus will directly affect the effect of memory;
First of all, the sequential version, that is, the word list composed of letters from A to Z, is definitely not allowed!
90% of students who fail to recite words are not because of poor memory, but because of the wrong choice of words.
Because the sequential version of the word list is selected, this word list, adjacent words are very close, and it is very easy to be confused in the process of memorizing. Always recite words that start with the same letter. The process of memorizing is very boring and difficult to stick to. I often recite words with the same letter for a week, which leads to frustration and finally gives up. Reciting this vocabulary is also easy to cause false memory. The spelling of words is deduced according to the positional relationship between adjacent words, so that the memorized words will not be remembered at all as long as they leave the vocabulary, which has no effect. The selection of thesaurus follows the principles of disorder, conciseness and large capacity per page.
Most word books on the market have many pages and complex contents, and are still in the memory stage of words, so they bring too much content, which leads to the memory process being disturbed by all kinds of irrelevant information. These contents are only to increase the number of pages and the price of the book, which is not helpful for our word memory. Related content may play a role after you recite the words, but before you recite the words, such a vocabulary will only affect your memory effect.
Therefore, the word list can be made by yourself:
High school vocabulary has a single-page large-capacity version. The first of the "three methods" is to provide a 3,500-word disordered vocabulary, which can be downloaded and printed by yourself, in PDF format, with 39 pages and 20 sheets, and printed on both sides. Very concise.
Junior high school students can make their own vocabulary: just copy each unit of after-school words in junior high school textbooks and bind them into a book. Such a glossary is single-page and has a large capacity. (In fact, the after-school word setting in the textbook is the most in line with memory psychology, but no one noticed it. )
There are not many words in primary schools, and the syllabus has only 500 words. So these 500 words can be realized by buying ready-made word books or copying after-school words at the back of textbooks. The workload of 500 words is not much, so you can copy it yourself or design it yourself.
Reproduction of words If the remembered words want to form a lifelong memory, it is recognized that the most effective method is "reproduction of words". Many students have this experience, that is, memorizing words. If you find that you have forgotten in the process of doing a problem or reading, then find out the word and strengthen it, and the word will never be forgotten again. This phenomenon is the reproduction of words.
1, make full use of words
Reciting words must be done in advance. Only by memorizing words in advance can reading the text become a cyclical process.
Primary school should recite all the words in junior high school, junior high school should recite all the words in senior high school, and ensure that 3500 words in senior high school have been recited before grade one. At this time, in the course of our class, the process of the teacher's lecture is to reproduce the words you have recited before. In the process of reading the text, the words you recited will appear in front of you again, and you will use the meanings of the words you recited to understand the text and form a reproduction. In this process, if you find yourself forgetting words and then focus on strengthening your memory, you will be deeply impressed.
2. Reproduce the problem by doing this.
The usual English problem solving is the process of word reproduction. We can make a complete English simulation test paper every week, and the difficulty of the test paper should reach the difficulty of the entrance examination. For example, if you are a primary school student, you should make a simulation test paper for junior high school entrance examination, and if you are a high school student, you should make a simulation test paper for college entrance examination. There are not many problems in doing the problem. We must never brush the questions. We should do it once a week. Every time we finish one, we should carefully analyze every sentence on the paper, make sure that every sentence can be understood, find out those sentences that you don't understand, and solve the factors (words, phrases, etc. ) those that affect your understanding. This process is also a process of reproducing the memorized words, which can produce a good memory effect.
3. Extracurricular reading reappears.
Proper extracurricular reading can improve the repetition rate of words and knowledge by the way. Long-term good extracurricular English reading habits may even make you encounter articles you have read in the college entrance examination. For senior high school students, I have prepared these common English reading resources for everyone, and I suggest collecting and implementing them:
4. High school students must learn morphology.
High school students only recite words. No matter how much you recite, your score will always be in the score range of 80~ 1 10. The reason is that the focus of his high school investigation is not the word itself, but the usage of the word, and various phrases and fixed collocations are the most important things to get points. When we recite words, if we can deeply study the usage of each word, the research process itself is to strengthen the memory of keywords twice, and it is also a process of reproducing keywords, which can make our memory form multiple levels: "keywords can be used and ordinary words can be recognized."
Phrases and phrases can be sorted by yourself, or you can choose to memorize ready-made materials, and relevant materials can be collected:
By comprehensively applying the four steps I mentioned above, the effect of memorizing words will be obviously improved, which will not only save time, but also reduce forgetting.