1. Is there a comparative analysis method?
Comparative analysis refers to the comparative analysis of the social impact of the project. At the same time, the social impact caused by the project construction is subtracted from the absence of the project.
2. Stakeholder analysis method
The division of stakeholders is generally determined by the relationship between the parties concerned and the project and the degree and nature of their influence on the project or the degree and nature of their influence by the project.
Project stakeholders are generally divided into:
① Beneficiaries of the project; ② Project victims; ③ People affected by the project; ④ Other stakeholders, including construction units, design units, consulting units, government departments and non-governmental organizations related to the project.
The main contents of stakeholder analysis are:
According to the requirements of the project unit and the main objectives of the project, determine the main stakeholders to be included in the project; Clarify the interests of all stakeholders and their relationship with the project; Analyze the relationship between stakeholders; Analyze various possible ways for stakeholders to participate in project design and implementation.
Stakeholder analysis generally follows the following steps:
(1) Build a project stakeholder list. (2) Assess the importance of each stakeholder to the success of the project. ③ Evaluate the importance of all stakeholders according to the project objectives. ④ According to the analysis results of the above steps, put forward the measures that all stakeholders should take in the process of project implementation.
3. Sorting and scoring methods
The so-called sorting and scoring is to arrange the objects studied or analyzed in a certain order. The difference between sorting and grading is that sorting uses ordinal numbers, while grading uses cardinality to arrange the objects studied or analyzed. Ranking scoring method can be used to analyze external factors, such as the impact of the introduction of funds and technology on the project target group, as well as internal factors, such as the values and expectations of the target group, and their impact on the project implementation.
When applying this method, the following principles should generally be followed:
① Confirm that the sorted objects meet the needs of the studied problems and environment;
③ List the scoring indicators;
(4) Ask the stakeholders involved in the scoring to rate and rank different questions, for example, 1 stands for the best, 2 stands for the second best, and so on.
⑤ Analyze the reasons why raters give different scores to different factors;
⑥ Explore more scoring indicators;
⑦ Looking for different stakeholders to rank and sort some of the same problems;
⑧ Link the ranking of different factors with the interests of different stakeholders.
4. Wealth ranking method
Wealth ranking method is a tool to analyze the social stratification of village communities in a short time. The specific analysis steps are as follows: first, the analyst should list all the households in the analyzed village together with the local main information providers and write the names of all the households on different cards; Secondly, find some people who are familiar with all households, let everyone divide the cards with household names into several piles according to the wealth of each household, or ask some people who are familiar with all households to rank all households according to their own criteria for judging wealth. Different people will divide households into different piles or have different scoring orders because of different criteria for judging wealth. Finally, according to the ranking standards and results adopted by different information providers, the social stratification of the project area is analyzed. This method is mainly used for poverty alleviation projects.
5. Comprehensive analysis and evaluation methods
When analyzing the social feasibility of a project, it is usually necessary to consider many social factors of the project and the degree of realization of the goal. For this multi-objective evaluation decision-making problem, scientific multi-objective decision-making methods, such as Delphi method, matrix analysis method, analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and data envelopment analysis method, are usually chosen.
The conclusion of comprehensive analysis of social evaluation cannot be applied alone, but must be considered in combination with the social adaptability analysis of the project. Analyze the mutual adaptability between the project and society, and study how to take measures to make the project and society adapt to each other in order to achieve better investment results. Therefore, after comprehensive analysis and evaluation, the total social evaluation score of the project is obtained. In the comparison of schemes, we should not only look at the total score, but also look at the implementation difficulty, cost and risk of each scheme, so as to get the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme's social feasibility. Some projects may change their plans because of great social risks or a large number of people who are damaged, which is difficult to alleviate. For the social evaluation of projects, the results obtained by the comprehensive evaluation method of multi-objective analysis can only be used as reference data for analysis and summary, but not as the basis for decision-making.