I. Bidding Method
According to the bidding law of our country, according to the degree of openness of competition, bidding can be divided into two ways: open bidding and invitation bidding.
1) open tender. It belongs to unrestricted competitive bidding, which fully embodies the openness of bidding information, the standardization of bidding procedures and the fairness of bidding competition, and greatly reduces the possibility of unfair transactions such as collusive bidding and bid promotion, which is most in line with the principles of survival of the fittest and "three publics" in bidding.
2) Invite public bidding. It belongs to limited competitive bidding, also known as selective bidding. Invited bidding is applicable to projects that cannot be publicly tendered due to reasons such as national security, state secrets, commercial secrets, tight construction period or supply cycle, and limited by natural geographical environment, or projects that are limited by technical complexity and special requirements of the project, and it is clearly known in advance that only a few specific potential bidders can respond to the bidding. Or the scale of the project subject to tender is small, and the bidding cost by open bidding accounts for a large proportion of the value of the project subject to tender.
According to the source of the target, bidding can be divided into: domestic bidding, including domestic open bidding and domestic invitation bidding; International bidding includes international public bidding and international invitation bidding. The compilation of international bidding documents should follow the international trade norms and practices.
The methods of government procurement include: open tender, invitation tender, competitive negotiation, single-source procurement, inquiry and other procurement methods recognized by the procurement supervision and administration department of the State Council government. Public bidding should be the main way of government procurement.
Second, the bidding methods and means
1) Two-stage bidding. It is suitable for bidding projects with uncertain technical design scheme or technical requirements or technical standards and specifications that are difficult to describe and determine. The first stage of bidding is to select the technical design scheme from the bidding scheme and unify the technical standards, specifications and requirements; In the second stage, according to the unified design scheme or technical standards, organize the final bidding and bidding quotation of the project.