Take comprehensive measures to strengthen elevator safety supervision
(1) Strictly supervise the quality and safety of elevator production. Supervise elevator manufacturing enterprises to establish the concept of "quality is life, life is only once", strictly implement the main responsibility of quality and safety, implement the "quality first system" of enterprises, and the first responsible person earnestly fulfill the first responsibility of quality and safety. Establish and improve the quality and safety management system of elevator product design, manufacture, installation, renovation and maintenance, carry out production and construction in strict accordance with relevant laws and regulations and safety technical standards, and regard improving product quality as the core competitiveness of enterprise development. If there are signs that endanger the safety of elevators due to reasons such as design and manufacture, elevator manufacturing enterprises should be urged to stop production immediately, recall according to law, and eliminate potential safety hazards in time. Organize the third party to supervise and spot check the quality of elevators and main parts, and promote the quality improvement of production and installation.
(2) Strengthen the quality and safety management of elevator use and maintenance. Implement the elevator use management unit to fulfill the main responsibility of safety management, strengthen the management and protection of elevators during the renovation of residents, and reduce the damage to elevators during the renovation. Strengthen the supervision of elevator maintenance units, urge them to maintain in strict accordance with safety technical specifications, and increase the frequency and items of elevator maintenance in schools, kindergartens, hospitals, stations, passenger terminals, shopping malls, stadiums, exhibition halls, parks and other public gathering places according to the actual operation. Actively promote elevator manufacturing enterprises to directly carry out elevator maintenance, and gradually establish an elevator maintenance system with elevator manufacturing enterprises as the main body. Housing and quality supervision (market supervision) departments should establish a joint inspection mechanism between property companies and elevator maintenance units, and take elevator use safety management and elevator maintenance quality as important assessment contents for property companies and elevator maintenance units.
(3) Do a good job in the investigation and management of elevator safety hazards. Strengthen the daily supervision of elevator safety, organize the daily investigation and management of elevator safety hazards, and focus on strengthening the investigation of hidden dangers in public gathering places and elevators with frequent failures. If the elevator does not clearly use the unit, it shall not be put into use. Quality supervision (market supervision) departments should establish and improve the "trinity" working mechanism of safety supervision, inspection and law enforcement, seal up elevators with serious hidden dangers according to law, and promote the timely "closed loop" of elevator safety hidden dangers. All localities should organize relevant departments to strengthen joint supervision, form a joint force of supervision, and timely discover and investigate illegal acts that affect elevator safety.
(four) to increase the maintenance and renovation of residential elevators. For residential elevators whose service life exceeds 15 years, or whose operation failure rate is obviously high, which cannot meet the requirements of safe use, the use management unit shall entrust the elevator inspection and testing institution to conduct safety risk assessment, and carry out overhaul, transformation or update according to the assessment results. To study and formulate relevant measures for elevator maintenance application to use residential special maintenance funds, simplify the examination and approval procedures and speed up the processing. For old residential areas that have not deposited special maintenance funds for houses, the required expenses shall be raised by the elevator owners themselves or the local government shall issue corresponding subsidy policies.
(5) Promote the construction of elevator emergency rescue platform and Internet of Things. Deepen the construction of "96333" and other elevator emergency rescue command platforms, and accelerate the improvement of the elevator emergency rescue system with elevator use management units as the main body, elevator maintenance units as the main force, and social rescue forces as the supplement. All localities should speed up the establishment of elevator emergency rescue platform and achieve full coverage of the whole city in 20 16 years. Build an elevator information system based on the Internet of Things, and give full play to the role of Internet of Things information technology in elevator dynamic monitoring, automatic alarm, rapid disposal and credit supervision. Actively carry out the collection, analysis and application of elevator operation big data, and regularly publish bad records of elevator maintenance units, elevators with frequent failures, elevator rescue and other information.
(6) Do a good job in elevator setting management. Strengthen the supervision and management of civil engineering related to elevator safety, and ensure that the design and construction of elevator machine room, shaft and pit meet relevant technical standards and specifications. Improve the tender for elevator procurement, improve the level of elevator configuration, and ensure that the number and parameter performance of elevator configuration meet the requirements of building structure and use, and meet the relevant national and provincial standards. Gradually increase the proportion of finely decorated houses.
(seven) the implementation of elevator classification supervision. Fully implement the classified supervision of elevator use management units. According to the comprehensive evaluation results of its safety management status and elevator risk characteristics, the elevator use management units ranked lower should be supervised, and work guidance and safety hazard supervision should be strengthened. Further promote the classified supervision of elevator maintenance units, deepen the star rating of elevator maintenance units in the city, establish a "blacklist" system for elevator maintenance units in the city, and increase the inspection frequency and investigation of elevator maintenance units that fail to implement the main responsibility, violate laws and regulations frequently, and rectify hidden dangers in time.
(eight) to build a socialized supervision pattern of elevator safety. Give full play to the role of the elevator industry chamber of commerce, further strengthen the construction of industry self-discipline and service integrity system, regularly publish elevator maintenance guidance prices, advocate a fair and orderly competitive environment, and guide the healthy development of the elevator industry. Smooth social supervision channels, carefully study and adopt the reasonable opinions and suggestions of the masses on elevator safety work in time, and encourage the public and news media to actively participate in elevator safety supervision. Encourage the implementation of elevator safety liability insurance, and give full play to the functions of the liability insurance mechanism such as prevention in advance, control in the process and compensation afterwards.
(nine) establish and improve the elevator quality and safety traceability and accountability mechanism. Aiming at elevator selection and configuration, civil engineering design and construction, procurement bidding, elevator production, operation, installation, inspection, maintenance and use management, a full supervision chain of elevator quality and safety is constructed. Establish a traceability mechanism for elevator quality and safety, improve the quality records of all links, and achieve "one ladder and one file". Improve the elevator safety accountability mechanism, carefully identify the reasons for elevator accidents or major elevator emergencies, and seriously investigate the legal responsibilities of relevant units according to law.
(ten) to strengthen the elevator safety publicity and education. Make full use of newspapers, radio, television, internet and other publicity channels, take on-site consultation, safety classes, emergency rescue drills and other ways, go deep into enterprises, schools, communities and crowded public places, extensively carry out publicity and education on elevator-related laws and regulations and safe use knowledge, and effectively improve the elevator safety awareness and emergency handling ability of the whole society.
Second, the importance of implementing elevator safety management
In order to prevent the elevator from being damaged or causing casualties due to improper use, it is necessary to strengthen the safety management of elevator use.
Elevator safety management mainly includes: safety education, elevator operator safety management, elevator passenger safety management and elevator rescue safety management.
1, implement safety education
The elevator administrator is responsible for the implementation of safety education for the personnel on duty in the elevator machine room, elevator managers and elevator passengers, so that they can establish the idea of safety first and be familiar with the safety operation procedures and safety rules of elevator equipment.
2. Safety management of elevator operators' operation
In order to ensure the safe operation of elevators, elevator drivers are all certified. And formulated the corresponding safety operation procedures for elevator personnel:
1) Ensure the normal operation of elevators, improve service quality and prevent accidents;
2) Require drivers to adhere to normal attendance and not to leave their posts without authorization;
3) The elevator does not run with illness or overload;
4) Do not smoke, chat, etc. During operation;
5) Implement the driver's operating procedures:
A, every time you open the hall door and get into the car, you have to try it out, and you can only carry people when it is normal;
B, when there is a fault in the operation of the elevator, immediately press the stop button and call the police. And ask for maintenance in time;
C. In case of power failure, passengers are forbidden to open the car door when the elevator is not leveled, and contact foreign aid in time;
D it is forbidden to transport oversized and overweight articles;
3. Strengthen the safety management of personnel going up and down stairs.
Make warning signs for elevator passengers to use the elevator safely and hang them in conspicuous places where passengers pass by. Tell elevator passengers the common sense of safe use of elevators. Instructions for taking the stairs should be brief and to the point. Warning signs should be obvious.
The contents of the instructions for taking the ladder are: press the button by hand, no bumping, no smoking and no leaning against the door. When running, don't enter the ladder, keep it clean, and don't spit or throw it around. If you are in danger, please press the alarm bell. When the overload bell rings, enter and exit. Children take ladders, adults carry them, and the building is on fire. Don't take the ladder.
4, elevator trapped rescue operation specification
(1) When the elevator is trapped, the elevator administrator and operator must arrive at the scene within 2 minutes;
(2) Get in touch with the trapped person as soon as possible. Be sure to keep him calm, don't panic, wait for the rescue of the rescuers carefully, and entrust the trapped person not to stick any part of his body out of the car;
(3) If the elevator car door is in a half-open state, the elevator administrator should try to completely close the car door;
(4) Judge the car position according to the indicator light, PC display, floor selector crossbar or door opening;
(5) Rescue when the car stops about 0.5m away from the hall door: Pull down the elevator power switch, open the hall door with a special hall door key, manually open the car door at the top of the car, assist passengers to leave the car and close the hall door again;
(6) Rescue method of stopping the car at a distance of 0.5m from the hall door: enter the machine room to cut off the power supply of the elevator, one person holds the screw and the other person holds the release lever, gently pry open the brake, and use the car to move forward automatically. (In order to avoid the danger of the car moving too fast, the car should move step by step when running until it is closest to the hall door. Make sure that the brakes are correct and loosen the rotating handwheel. )
(7) In case of other complicated situations, the elevator company shall be requested to assist in the rescue;
(8) After the rescue work for trapped people is completed, the elevator administrator shall record the situation completely and normatively.
(9) When encountering other complicated situations, please ask the elevator company for help. After the rescue, the elevator administrator fills in the rescue record and files it.
Third, China's regulations on the safe service life of elevators
1. Elevator users are responsible for the safety of elevator use, and are responsible for the safe operation of elevators and perform their duties. These include: the establishment of elevator safety management institutions, equipped with a sufficient number of full-time elevator safety management personnel who have obtained the "Special Equipment Operator Certificate" to ensure that at least one safety management personnel is on duty during elevator operation; Post and hang effective use signs, safety precautions, safety warning signs, 96333 two-dimensional code information signs, emergency rescue and complaint telephone numbers in prominent positions of elevator cars, escalators and moving sidewalks; Keep the elevator video monitoring facilities and emergency alarm devices intact and effective, and be able to contact the safety management organization or the personnel on duty at any time.
2. At present, there is no mandatory provision for elevator service life in China. Mainly lies in the maintenance and maintenance of management personnel. Generally, the service life of elevators is between 15- 18 years.