What is a civil servant?

Concept China's civil servants are formally called national civil servants, and both the central and local governments are national civil servants, which are specifically divided into central state organs and local state civil servants. The central civil service examination refers to the examination of the central organs, state organs, agencies stationed by the central state administrative organs, institutions affiliated to the vertical management system, and national civil servants. Local civil service examination refers to: local party and government organs at all levels, associations and other civil service-related cartoons for government staff and national civil servants; (2) Local examinations organized at all levels. The central and local examinations are conducted separately, and there is no affiliation. Candidates can choose the exam they want to take according to the government department they want to apply for, or they can apply for it at the same time without affecting each other. The nature of the examination is the same as that of the local examination, which belongs to recruitment. Candidates fill in the corresponding positions for examination, and once they are admitted, they will become the staff of the position. Local examinations are divided into qualification examinations and recruitment examinations. For example, the civil service examination in Beijing is a kind of qualification examination. Those who pass the examination will be issued with civil servant qualification certificates, and candidates can recruit in specific institutions such as Beijing, districts and counties with this certificate. Some need to take some exams in specific departments, and some need direct interviews. In other places, the civil service examination takes the form of recruitment. Candidates choose a position to register for the exam, and after passing the exam, they are directly admitted to the civil servants of the department, which is the same as the central civil servants. The central civil service examination is for the whole country, and the local civil service examination is mainly for local residents, local college students and college students in this province. But now most provinces do not require hukou, mainly in some developed coastal areas, such as Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Beijing and other places, which do not restrict hukou, but also face the whole country. [Edit this paragraph] The legal status of civil servants refers to the comprehensive performance of civil servants' rights and obligations in various legal relationships. Civil servants enjoy different legal status because of their dual legal status: on the one hand, civil servants are citizens. This status determines that civil servants first enjoy the legal status of natural persons. On the other hand, civil servants are civil servants of the country. This status determines the legal status of civil servants. The dual identity of civil servants often conflicts under certain circumstances. When a certain legal liability occurs, it should be accurately divided. [Edit this paragraph] The application process queries the recruitment brochure 1, and the application condition (1) has China nationality; (2) 18 years old and under 35 years old (born in197210/0/0/5 to199010/0/0. (3) Supporting the Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC); (4) Having good conduct; (5) Having the physical conditions to perform their duties normally; (6) Having a college education or above and working ability that meets the requirements of the post; (7) Having other qualifications required by the central competent department of civil servants. If the recruitment position clearly requires grassroots work experience, the applicants must have corresponding grass-roots and production front-line work experience. Grass-roots and production line work experience refers to the work experience in the grass-roots, production line and rural areas of county and township party and government organs, enterprises and institutions, other economic organizations and social organizations. I have worked in military regiments and units below the regiment level, which is considered as grassroots work experience. Those who apply for the central government and have worked in the local (city) directly under the government can also be regarded as grassroots work experience. Persons who have received criminal punishment for crimes and who have been dismissed from public office, and those who have been found to have committed fraud in the recruitment of civil servants at all levels, are not allowed to apply for civil servants, and those who have been dismissed for less than five years, active servicemen, civil servants during probation, non-fresh graduates who are studying, and other persons who are not allowed to be employed as civil servants as stipulated by law are not allowed to apply for examinations. Applicants are not allowed to apply for the positions avoided by civil servants in recruitment agencies listed in Article 68 of the Civil Service Law. 2. For details of the number of recruits, positions, examination categories and qualifications of each recruitment agency, please refer to the Recruitment Guide for Civil Servants Employed in the Annual Examination of xxxx for Central Authorities and Their Directly Affiliated Institutions (hereinafter referred to as the Recruitment Guide). Applicants can consult the recruitment brochure through the following websites after starting registration: If you need to consult the professional, educational background, degree, qualification, remarks and other information in the recruitment brochure, please contact the recruitment agency directly, and the telephone number of the recruitment agency can be inquired through the above websites. In order to facilitate candidates to apply for the exam, the competent department of civil servants has also compiled the "Guide to Applying for the Exam" on matters such as the policy of applying for the exam, the network technology of applying for the exam, and the arrangement of the examination room. Applicants can consult the "Guide" through the above website. "Recruitment Guide" and "Application Guide" will also be distributed in Xinhua Bookstore in provincial capitals and cities (prefectures) across the country. Online registration exams are all online registration, and there is no on-site registration. Submit an application: Applicants can log on to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security website to submit an application during registration. Applicants can only choose a position in a department or unit to register, and they cannot register with the old and new ID numbers at the same time. Registration must be consistent with the ID card used in the exam. At the time of registration, the applicant should carefully read the letter of commitment in good faith, and the application materials submitted should be true and accurate. Applicants who provide false application materials will be disqualified once verified. Whoever forges or alters relevant documents, materials and information to defraud the examination qualification shall be disqualified from the examination and shall not apply for civil servants for five years. Qualification examination 1, and query the qualification examination results; Applicants should log on to Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security website to check whether they have passed the qualification examination during the qualification examination. Those who have passed the qualification examination can no longer apply for other positions. During the period from 8: 00 on June 5, 18 to 24: 00 on October 24, 18, those who failed to apply for the examination or failed the qualification examination can be reported to other positions. During the period of 10:00- 10: 26 18: 00, if the application for registration has not been reviewed or the qualification examination is unqualified, it is not allowed to change to other positions. 2. Check the registration number: For those who have passed the qualification examination, please log on to Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security website to check the registration number. Registration serial number is an important basis and key word for applicants to confirm registration, download and print admission tickets, and query results. Please remember it. Applicants who have passed the qualification examination need to confirm their registration. Registration is confirmed by online confirmation. Applicants should make online registration confirmation and payment on the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security or the website of the examination institution in the selected examination area. Those who fail to attend the registration confirmation and pay the fee on time are deemed to have given up the exam automatically. After the online registration is confirmed, the applicants need to upload their recent 2-inch bareheaded electronic photos, the size of which is less than 20KB, in jpg format, and pay relevant fees online as required. Applicants from urban families and rural absolutely poor families who enjoy the national minimum living allowance can reduce or exempt the examination fee. Those who intend to enjoy the relevant examination fee reduction and exemption will not be confirmed online. Please call the consultation telephone number of the examination institutions in the selected examination area and confirm the registration according to the date, place and procedures specified by each examination institution. When confirming, you should go through the formalities of reduction and exemption with relevant certification materials. Proof materials include: urban family applicants who enjoy the national minimum living guarantee, certificates and low guarantees issued by the civil affairs departments of counties (districts, cities) where their families are located; The applicant of the absolutely poor family in rural areas, the poverty alleviation certificate issued by the poverty alleviation office (office) of the county (district, city) where his family is located, and the file card of the basic situation of the poor family (photocopy). The websites and telephone numbers of examination institutions in various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) can be inquired through the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. After the registration of the printed admission ticket is confirmed successfully, the applicants should log on to the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security or the website of the examination institution in the examination area to download and print the admission ticket. If you encounter any problems in printing, please log on to the above website or contact the local civil service examination institution to solve them. Written examination of civil servants (1) written examination of public subjects 1, content. The written examination of public subjects includes two subjects: administrative professional ability test and application. For details, please refer to the Examination Outline for Public Subjects of Civil Servants Employed by Central Authorities and Their Directly affiliated Institutions in 2009. 2. Time and place: as stipulated in the recruitment brochure of that year. The examination rooms are located in provincial capitals, autonomous regional capitals, municipalities directly under the Central Government and individual big cities. Candidates should take the exam at the time and place determined on the admission ticket. When taking the exam, you must bring your admission ticket and ID card at the same time. Candidates who lack documents are not allowed to take the exam. 3. Results query. The written test scores and minimum qualified scores of public subjects can be found on the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. When drawing the minimum qualified score line, preferential policies will be given to hard and remote areas, hard industries and special posts at the grassroots level. Interview and Professional Subject Examination The Central Organization Department and the National Civil Service Bureau will determine the list of candidates for the interview and professional subject examination according to the proportion of interviewees and the written test scores of public subjects from high to low as stipulated in the recruitment brochure, and publish them uniformly on the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. The setting of professional subject examinations and related matters are published on the websites of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and recruitment agencies. When the minimum number of qualified candidates in the written test of public subjects in the recruitment position can not reach the ratio of the planned number to the interview candidates, the recruitment agency can supplement the candidates through adjustment. The transferred position will be uniformly posted on the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. The transfer candidates are determined from the applicants with the same examination content in the order of high to low written test scores of public subjects. Applicants whose written test scores of public subjects must meet the minimum qualified scores and qualifications specified in the proposed transfer position can participate in the transfer. For specific matters such as the transfer of registration methods, after the written test results of public subjects are published, you can log on to the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. After the transfer, applicants can log on to the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security to check the interview announcement of the recruitment agency. During the interview, the applicant must provide his/her ID card, the original student ID card (work permit), the certificate of consent to enter the examination issued by the unit (stamped with the official seal) or the registration recommendation form and registration form stamped by the school. Those who lack the above materials may not participate in the interview in principle. For on-the-job applicants, with the consent of the recruitment agency, they can provide proof that the original unit agreed to apply for the exam during physical examination and inspection. The "three supports and one support" personnel provide the service certificate of "three supports and one support" for college graduates issued by the provincial "three supports and one support" work coordination management office (original and photocopy); Volunteers in the west need to provide the service certificate (original and photocopy) made by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and the appraisal form of college students' volunteer service in the west (original and photocopy). Registration recommendation form, registration form and other materials required for registration can be downloaded and printed from Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security website. In addition, those who pass the written test of civil aviation air police posts will undergo physical examination first, and those who pass the physical examination will participate in interviews, physical fitness tests and professional training according to a certain proportion. According to the interview, physical fitness test, professional training and investigation, the Civil Aviation Administration determines the candidates to be hired and publicizes them on the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. Interview procedure (1) Formulate interview implementation plan; (2) Preparing interview questions and relevant evaluation materials; (three) the establishment of an interview examiner group; (4) training interviewers; (5) conducting an interview; (6) announce the interview results. After the physical examination, investigation interview and professional subject examination, the candidates for physical examination and investigation are determined according to a certain proportion in the order of high comprehensive scores. The calculation method of comprehensive score is: 50% of the total written test score of public subjects (converted into a percentage system), and 50% of the test score and interview score of professional subjects. Publicize the list of candidates to be hired. The recruitment agency shall, in accordance with the prescribed procedures and standards, comprehensively consider those who pass the examination results, physical examination and inspection results, and select the best candidates, and publicize them on the website of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. [Edit this paragraph] Foreign classification In foreign countries, the concept of civil servants is large and small, and the scope is not consistent. Generally speaking, there are three types: the first type has a small number of civil servants. Civil servants only refer to non-elected and non-politically appointed officials in the central government, excluding elected or politically appointed cabinet members, political secretaries and other administrative officials. This scope is consistent with the scope of application of the National Civil Servants Ordinance, and Britain and many Commonwealth countries basically belong to this category. In Britain, civil servants refer to those who do not advance and retreat with the cabinet, are selected through public examinations, and can serve for a long time without fault. The second is the mid-range. All public officials of the Central People's Government, including administrative officers and civil servants, are called civil servants, but only civil servants are subject to the Regulations on State Civil Servants. The United States basically falls into this category. In the United States, civil servants are called "government employees", which is a wide range of terms, including all government employees except military personnel. The third category is the general category, which refers to the public officials from the central government to local government organs, the staff of the National Assembly except members of parliament, judges and prosecutors, and the staff of state-owned enterprises and institutions as civil servants, which are divided into "special posts" and "general posts" according to "national civil servants" and "local civil servants". The "general post" civil servants refer to the non-elected and non-government appointed staff in the government system, and they are the affairs officers in the national government system, that is, the non-elected and non-political appointed government staff, and they are only "general post" national civil servants who are subject to the national civil service regulations. Japan and France basically fall into this category. French civil servants refer to the staff appointed as permanent officials in the central organs and their subordinate organs, local administrative organs and public enterprises and institutions. Above three, it is not difficult to see that China basically belongs to the second concept division. [Edit this paragraph] Conditions of treatment Civil servants implement a unified national salary system combining positions and grades. The salary system of civil servants implements the principle of distribution according to work, reflects factors such as post responsibilities, work ability, work performance and qualifications, and maintains a reasonable wage gap between different posts and different levels. The salary of civil servants includes basic salary, allowance, subsidy and bonus. Civil servants related cartoons (3) Civil servants enjoy regional additional allowances, allowances for hard and remote areas, post allowances and other allowances in accordance with state regulations. Civil servants enjoy housing, medical care and other allowances and subsidies in accordance with state regulations. Civil servants who are determined to be excellent and competent through regular assessment shall enjoy year-end bonuses in accordance with state regulations. The salary level of civil servants should be coordinated with the development of national economy and adapt to social progress. The state implements a salary survey system, regularly surveys and compares the salary levels of civil servants and civil servants at the same level in enterprises, and takes the results of salary survey and comparison as the basis for adjusting the salary level of civil servants. Civil servants enjoy welfare benefits in accordance with state regulations. The state improves the welfare treatment of civil servants according to the level of economic and social development. Civil servants implement the working hours system stipulated by the state and enjoy vacations in accordance with state regulations. Civil servants who work overtime outside the statutory working days shall be given corresponding compensatory time off. The state establishes a civil servant insurance system to ensure that civil servants receive help and compensation in cases of retirement, illness, work injury, maternity and unemployment. Civil servants who are disabled in the line of duty enjoy the disability treatment stipulated by the state. If a civil servant dies or dies in the line of duty, his relatives shall enjoy pensions and preferential treatment prescribed by the state. The above contents are legal contents. Specifically, the treatment of civil servants in different provinces varies greatly, mainly depending on the local economic situation. [Edit this paragraph] Regular assessment The law stipulates that the results of regular assessment in Article 36 of the Civil Service Law are divided into four grades: excellent, competent, basically competent and incompetent. The results of regular assessment shall be notified to the civil servant himself in writing. Article 37 of the Civil Service Law: The results of regular assessment shall be used as the basis for adjusting the post, grade salary, reward, training and dismissal of civil servants. The evaluation grade interpreted in this article is a highly generalized evaluation form for the actual performance of civil servants. The Civil Service Law divides the assessment of civil servants into four grades: excellent, competent, basically competent and incompetent. Generally speaking, the basic requirements for Excellence are: civil servants have outstanding performance in morality, ability, diligence, performance and honesty, and have successfully completed various tasks with remarkable achievements; The basic requirements for being competent are: civil servants meet the post requirements in terms of morality, ability, diligence, performance and honesty, and complete their tasks better or better; The basic requirements of basic competence are: civil servants barely meet the post requirements in virtue, ability, diligence, performance and honesty, and barely complete the task; The basic requirements of incompetence are: civil servants' political and professional qualities are poor, they can't meet the requirements of their current posts, or they have outstanding problems in one aspect, they can't complete their tasks as required, or they have serious mistakes in their work. In actual implementation, the specific standards of each grade should be stipulated according to the different categories, departments, grades and positions of civil servants. China's civil servant law stipulates that the assessment results should be notified to me in writing. This reflects the principle of protecting the rights of civil servants and the openness of assessment, so that civil servants can understand the basic evaluation of themselves by authoritative organizations, see their own advantages and disadvantages, and make clear the direction of future efforts. In addition, in order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of civil servants and prevent unfair and unreasonable assessment results due to personal likes and dislikes, simple subjective impressions or other reasons, the Civil Service Law also gives civil servants the right to apply for review and appeal on the assessment results. In this regard, the fifteenth chapter of this law has made special provisions. The Civil Service Law takes the results of regular assessment as the basis for adjusting the position, rank and salary of civil servants, as well as the reward, training and dismissal of civil servants, so that the role of assessment is guaranteed by law. Article 47 of the Civil Service Law stipulates that if a civil servant is determined to be incompetent in the regular assessment, he will be downgraded by one post according to the prescribed procedures. Paragraph 4 of Article 74 stipulates that civil servants who are determined to be excellent and competent through regular assessment shall enjoy year-end bonuses in accordance with state regulations. Article 83, paragraph 1, stipulates that those who are determined to be incompetent in the annual assessment for two consecutive years shall be dismissed. For many management links of civil servants, even if an assessment grade is not clearly defined as the direct basis of a management project as mentioned above, it should actually be based on the assessment results. For example, the training of civil servants can be organized and implemented according to the advantages and disadvantages found in the assessment; For example, the post adjustment of civil servants should be carried out according to the assessment, so as to achieve the purpose of fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses and rationally using civil servants, and so on. In particular, it should be pointed out that the above provisions on the use of assessment results are only in principle, and the specific operation should be clarified through supporting laws and regulations. [Edit this paragraph] Professional Ethics Now, the professional ethics construction of national civil servants is moving towards standardization. Traditionally, it belongs to the professional ethics of party and government cadres, but some aspects have their own characteristics. First, national public servants are directly engaged in some official activities of the country, and their actions represent the laws and regulations of the country, so the professional ethics of public servants is first of all a strong sense of responsibility and legal awareness. The second is to have the knowledge and quality suitable for the official activities, so as to ensure that we can handle and solve the problems encountered in official activities well and maintain high efficiency. Third, we must have a strict sense of party spirit and policy level, do not practice favoritism and malpractice, and combine the power given by the state with [? Heir vault? Hey? Aim at unification. [Edit this paragraph] Classification level (1) Premier the State Council: level 1; (2) Vice Premier and State Councilor of the State Council: Level 2-3; (3) Ministerial level and provincial level: three to four levels; (4) Ministerial deputies and provincial deputies: four to five; (5) Division chief, division chief and inspector: five to seven levels; (6) Deputies at the departmental or departmental level. What is colored glaze? Think about it? (7) Division chief, county chief and researcher: 7- 10; (eight) division and county representatives. What's the matter with you? Suffer a sting? (9) Department level and township level, [Is the charming comfort garden fat? Ding? (10) Department-level deputy, township-level deputy and deputy director: 9- 13; (1 1) Clerk: Grade 9 to 14;