The real estate appraisal industry is a part of the real estate intermediary industry. With the rapid development of economy and the deepening of reform and opening up, China's real estate appraisal industry has gradually grown up with the rapid development of the real estate market, and it has also been widely used. With the gradual improvement of the real estate market and the more detailed division of labor, people's demand for information, knowledge and professional services is increasing day by day, which also creates many business opportunities and provides development space for the real estate appraisal market. It is very important to face up to the present situation and problems of real estate appraisal industry, grasp its development trend, find development countermeasures and shorten the industry distance with developed countries as soon as possible. First, the development status of China real estate appraisal industry. China's real estate appraisal industry started in the mid-1980s. Due to the late start of the industry and China's special national conditions, the whole real estate appraisal industry has been in a state of government-led, with strong administrative color and relatively narrow scope of application. In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, real estate development, management, trading activities and the combination of real estate and capital market have become increasingly frequent, real estate appraisal business has been widely used, and the service objects and service forms have become increasingly diversified, making real estate appraisal services an indispensable basic work covering real estate development and management, corporate personal financing, judicial proceedings, demolition, taxation and other economic activities. The vigorous development of real estate appraisal industry objectively requires more and more professionals to join this industry. On the basis of learning from the experience of foreign countries and developed regions, China began to implement the certified appointment system for real estate appraisers in 1988, established the professional qualification system for real estate appraisers in 1992, and implemented the national unified professional qualification examination system for real estate appraisers in 1995. After years of development, there are more than 6,000 real estate agencies, more than 250,000 real estate appraisers, and more than 20,000 people have obtained professional qualifications as real estate appraisers. The vigorous development of the whole real estate appraisal industry has played an important role in the development of China's real estate market, capital market and property right transfer market. The real estate appraisal industry has become an important part of the real estate intermediary industry and plays a vital role in promoting the development of the real estate industry. Second, the main problems existing in the real estate appraisal industry (1) The legislation of the real estate appraisal industry is lagging behind, and the appraisal business lacks legal protection. As China's real estate appraisal industry has not started for a long time, it has been in the process of exploration and reference. It is inevitable that there are problems such as imperfect industry regulations and systems, lack of comprehensive and perfect professional norms and behavioral norms, and lack of self-discipline in the industry. There are no specific and operable laws and regulations for violations of discipline, and there is no real sense of "laws to follow and rules to follow". This lack of due legal protection makes real estate appraisers timid in the practice process, unable to give full play to their positive role, and their appraisal results are difficult to be recognized by the society, unable to play their due supervisory role in real estate intermediary activities of the whole society and industries. With the deepening of China's socialist market economic system and the gradual improvement of the real estate market, the existing documents and norms will not be able to adapt to the changing market demand if they are not supplemented and improved. (B) The offside management of the administrative department limits the effective competition in the market. At present, most of the assessment agencies registered in shanghai real estate appraisers association were originally affiliated to the administrative department and entered the market after decoupling and restructuring. In this transformation process, most appraisal agencies and real estate appraisers have won market reputation and established their own industry image with their quality and service. However, there are also some evaluation agencies that rely on the relationship with the original management department to conduct both business evaluation and intermediary evaluation, which deviates from the goal of decoupling and restructuring. However, in order to consolidate and protect the interests of the evaluation institutions originally affiliated to the management department, some administrative departments verbally or tacitly intervene in the practice activities or introduce customers to them. Some local administrative departments do not recognize the validity of the evaluation report of the evaluation agency that is not made by themselves. These behaviors have gone beyond the management authority of the administrative organ itself, which is a kind of unfair competition behavior that seriously violates the market rules, and also hinders the real estate appraisers from carrying out appraisal activities fairly and independently. (C) The overall quality and integrity of real estate appraisers are not high. Real estate appraisal is highly professional and depends on the experience and integrity of appraisers. An excellent appraiser needs not only professional knowledge of appraisal, but also knowledge of architecture, electromechanical, economy, law, finance, finance and project management.
Guangdong
Common sense of science and technology 196, in addition to having certain professional ability and experience, we should also abide by professional ethics and follow the principles of legality, independence, impartiality and objectivity. In foreign countries, it is very important to evaluate the credibility and integrity of employees in institutions, which is the core value of evaluating employees. At present, China has not yet formed a very complete and scientific mechanism for talent training, access and promotion, and the laws and regulations are not perfect, and there is a lack of strict constraints and assessment on employees, which leads to many appraisers' lack of understanding of real estate appraisal, and fierce market competition leads to a weak professional ethics of many employees. Compared with developed countries in Europe and America, the overall quality of personnel in China's real estate appraisal industry is low, which objectively restricts the further development of the real estate appraisal industry. Third, the development trend of real estate appraisal industry With the economic globalization sweeping through China, more and more foreign-funded enterprises and foreign-funded appraisal institutions have entered China, which has brought opportunities and challenges to the real estate appraisal industry in China. On the one hand, the diversification of investment subjects and the diversification of investment subjects have expanded the market and business fields of China's real estate appraisal industry. At the same time, however, the entry of foreign evaluation agencies has also brought advanced management mode, business philosophy, international service awareness and evaluation technology; On the other hand, the real estate appraisal industry in China is facing the competition from international appraisal agencies. How to shorten the gap with developed countries and how to grasp the future development trend of real estate appraisal industry is of great significance. In my opinion, the future of China real estate appraisal industry will be characterized by marketization, internationalization, informationization, specialization and standardization. (1) The market-oriented real estate appraisal industry provides the appraisal of the open market value of real estate, so the more objective and close to the market, the better its reputation and the greater its market share. Appraisers and agencies will gradually establish a good reputation in the market tempering. Modern society pays more and more attention to the image and business reputation of enterprises, and at the same time, the judgment standards of real estate appraisal institutions and individuals will change, paying more attention to the quality and reputation of appraisal institutions, and the competition is more intense, and the survival of the fittest is obvious. (II) Internationalization With the acceleration of economic globalization, more and more foreign funds are pouring into China, which is undoubtedly a good market opportunity for the development of the real estate appraisal industry in China. In order to meet this objective need, evaluation institutions should develop internationally in business types, evaluation concepts and evaluation talents. (3) The information-based real estate appraisal industry is an important part of the real estate industry, and the development of the real estate industry is closely related to the country's economic development and policy regulation. At the same time, because the real estate appraisal industry is a social service industry, it is very important for the real estate appraisal industry to master a large amount of real estate market information and establish a perfect customer information database, which is the premise and guarantee for the industry to provide quality services. The development of foreign real estate appraisal industry also proves this point, so informatization is the future development direction of real estate appraisal industry and even appraisal institutions. (IV) Specialization With the further refinement of social division of labor, the society requires that the services provided by evaluation agencies must be high-quality and professional in order to be invincible in the industry competition. At the same time, assessment agencies should constantly expand market space and business scope, change the situation of single business and small business volume, take assessment as the starting point, explore the market in all directions, improve the quality and ability of assessment personnel, better serve the market and occupy more. Therefore, "business diversification and service specialization" should be the goal pursued by many service organizations. (V) Standardization As the real estate appraisal industry has a long history of development, the industrial regulations and technical specifications of developed countries are sound, which has the advantages of scale and standardization. China's real estate appraisal industry must introduce and adopt internationally accepted appraisal standards, strengthen appraisal legislation and standardize appraisal technology if it wants to be in line with international standards and compete with international appraisal agencies. Standardization is the way for the healthy development of the real estate market. Four. Countermeasures for the development of real estate appraisal industry In recent years, China's macro-policy is stable and the economy is developing rapidly, and the market potential and development space of real estate appraisal industry are huge. In the future, the trend of marketization and internationalization of the real estate appraisal industry is obvious, and the service field and business content will also show a trend of diversification and specialization. The influx of international evaluation agencies will increase the competitive pressure of the industry. In view of the problems existing in China's real estate appraisal industry, combined with the future development trend of the real estate appraisal industry and the challenges of the international market, it is increasingly urgent and important to take effective measures and countermeasures to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the real estate industry. (1) Establishing and perfecting the legal norms of the real estate appraisal industry is the foundation and guarantee for the existence and development of the real estate appraisal industry. Only with clear legal support can we ensure that real estate appraisers can carry out their business independently, objectively and fairly, and truly realize their intermediary service functions. With the deepening of China's legalization process, the legal norms of various industries are constantly improving, and the real estate appraisal industry should also seize the opportunity to promote the promulgation and implementation of its legal norms. The legalization of the real estate appraisal industry is conducive to clarifying the rights, obligations and responsibilities of industry associations, real estate appraisal institutions and real estate appraisers, earnestly implementing the self-discipline standards of the industry, standardizing the professional ethics of the industry, and timely exposing illegal institutions and personnel. In particular, it is necessary to clarify the irregularities of various irregular behaviors, severely investigate and deal with typical cases of violations of laws and regulations in appraisal activities, improve punishment measures, damage the interests of violators and untrustworthy people, praise trustworthy people, set an industry model, establish a feedback mechanism to accept social supervision, and standardize the real estate appraisal market by legal means. (2) Strengthening the construction of self-regulatory organizations in the real estate appraisal industry and serving the development of the industry cannot be separated from the management and supervision of industry organizations. The self-discipline organization of real estate appraisal industry in China is a self-management and self-restraint social group composed of real estate appraisal institutions and real estate appraisers-China Society of Real Estate Appraisers and Real Estate Brokers (hereinafter referred to as China Real Estate Agency). Trade associations should not only maintain and establish economic and commercial circles.
Guangdong
The branch of academic or vocational research.
Technology 2008.09. The legitimate rights and interests of the total number of members 196, but also to deal with members who seriously damage the overall interests of the industry, and at the same time to reflect the voices of the majority of members in a timely manner. If there is a dispute within or between companies, the association can mediate. Self-discipline management at all levels can ensure the purification of the internal environment and even the external environment of the industry. Since the establishment of the professional qualification system for real estate appraisers, China Housing Department has played a certain role in communication, mediation and service, but the functions of supervision and supervision have not been effectively brought into play. In the future, we should give full play to the supervisory role of shanghai real estate appraisers association at all levels, on the one hand, we should supervise the honest behavior of real estate appraisers, on the other hand, we should supervise the credit of real estate appraisal intermediaries and severely punish all kinds of violations. Trade associations should also undertake certain credit service functions. At present, China's credit service industry is still in the primary stage, its operation is not standardized, and some even have their own credit problems. Therefore, in the early stage of the establishment of the credit system, it is very necessary for the association to undertake certain credit services in addition to assisting the competent departments of the industry in credit management. (3) Cultivate high-quality talents and improve the professional level of real estate appraisers. The development of real estate appraisal industry needs the continuous improvement of the overall quality of employees. At present, the overall quality of the real estate appraisal industry is low, and the reserve force is obviously insufficient. The contradiction between it and the new challenges and requirements of industry development is very prominent. Therefore, real estate appraisers should actively improve their professional quality, train and learn in theoretical research, practical analysis, policies and regulations, academic and foreign trends, and combine them with the qualification certification and registration of real estate appraisers, so as to urge real estate appraisers to continuously enrich new knowledge, new regulations and new technologies and cultivate the appraisal industry into a learning industry. Specifically, in terms of personnel training, on the one hand, it is required to strictly implement the qualification examination system for real estate appraisers and strictly control the entry point of incremental talent selection. In addition, publicity should be intensified to encourage and train more outstanding talents to join the team of real estate appraisers; On the other hand, with the help of self-regulatory organizations such as China Housing Department, we will carry out annual examination and follow-up education of real estate appraisers, strengthen the continuing education and training of existing talents in real estate policies and regulations and related evaluation techniques, and constantly improve our understanding and grasp of the current national real estate control policies. It should also be emphasized that as a real estate appraiser, we should not only learn business knowledge, but also strengthen legal awareness and strictly grasp the boundary between legality and illegality. Therefore, real estate appraisers must also learn civil law knowledge such as civil law, economic law, contract law and criminal law knowledge such as criminal law and criminal procedure law. It is an important measure for real estate appraisers to learn legal knowledge and understand legal responsibilities and illegal consequences. (4) Formulating the professional ethics of real estate appraisers and promoting honest management In the field of real estate appraisal, it is very difficult to truly and objectively understand the value of real estate due to the lack of information transparency and professional knowledge. Real estate appraisers can solve this problem by disclosing real estate value information to demanders in a professional role. In the process of evaluation, appraisers play the role of public trust. In this process, professional knowledge is important, but it is more important that appraisers have trustworthy conditions. Therefore, real estate appraisers must operate in good faith, strictly abide by the professional ethics of the industry, strictly control the quality of evaluation reports, and constantly improve and improve the technical level and service quality. The society can actively establish credit files of real estate appraisers when conditions permit, and Zhongfang Institute is responsible for organizing, comprehensively collecting and summarizing appraisers' practice information, establishing a credit publishing and opening system, and providing online inquiry services. According to these dynamic information, we can also calculate and divide the evaluation agencies with different credit ratings and accept the supervision of the public. (five) to accelerate the expansion of business areas, and actively innovate business varieties. At present, the business of most domestic appraisal agencies is relatively simple, and only real estate appraisal business is basically carried out. From the management of successful foreign evaluation agencies, we can see that their business scope covers many aspects, and the trend of diversification of business scope is becoming more and more obvious. Many domestic evaluation agencies must take the road of diversified development, broaden their business fields and innovate their business varieties. In addition to providing land pricing consulting services for government departments, we should also actively intervene in all kinds of real estate evaluation, consulting, planning, feasibility study and other related service markets to provide comprehensive and convenient one-stop services for developers and investment institutions. At the same time, give full play to the professional and technical advantages of appraisers, tap the market business potential, broaden business channels, and fully intervene in urban housing demolition, urban renewal and transformation, urban asset operation, enterprise asset operation, and enterprise mergers and acquisitions. (VI) Enhancing the competitiveness of appraisal institutions At present, most appraisal institutions in China are faced with a large number of appraisal institutions, but the scale is small, the competitiveness is weak, the survival pressure of appraisal institutions is great, and the vicious competition in the industry is fierce. Most of the international assessment agencies that are about to enter the China market have strong comprehensive strength, a long history of development and a high degree of service concept and specialization, which undoubtedly increases the competitive pressure of China assessment agencies. Therefore, China's evaluation agencies should look to the future, strengthen the cooperation ability between evaluation agencies, develop specialization and brand building, gradually integrate service concepts and technical standards with internationalization, realize enterprise collectivization through reorganization and merger, and enhance competitiveness. V. Summary Appraisal is not only a science, but also an art. Although it has gone through 100 years, it still needs to grow and develop, and it needs the joint efforts of administrative departments, industry self-regulatory organizations, appraisal institutions and appraisers. Only in this way can we adapt to the requirements of economic globalization. ■ (Author: Housing Management Office of Jiaxing Planning and Construction Bureau)
Hope to adopt, thank you.