Answer: According to the national standard "Code for Valuation of Bill of Quantities of Construction Projects (GB 50500—2003)" (hereinafter referred to as the valuation code), Jiangsu Province's valuation table for building decoration, installation and municipal engineering (hereinafter referred to as the valuation table), cost calculation rules and engineering guidelines are adopted. The tenderee (the employer) provides the engineering quantity, and the bidder (the contractor) independently quotes and evaluates the bid according to the prescribed bid evaluation method.
2, what is the bill of quantities?
Answer: The bill of quantities is a detailed list showing the names and measures of partial projects, other projects and corresponding quantities of the proposed project.
3. When will the bill of quantities valuation specification be released? What is the execution time of bill of quantities valuation in our province?
Answer: The Code for Valuation with Bill of Quantities of Construction Projects is a national standard, which was promulgated and implemented on July 1 2003. Our province has implemented it since April 1 day, 2004.
4. What are the requirements of the bill of quantities valuation method for the cost management department?
Answer: (1) Do a good job in compiling consumption quotas, and guide and standardize the market with consumption quotas that reflect the average social productivity level.
(2) Do a good job in dynamic management of project cost, and establish the project cost management information system. Regularly publish the prices of various equipment, materials and machinery, as well as various project cost indexes.
(3) Further strengthen the supervision and management of the construction market. Do a good job in government macro-control and supervision of government investment projects.
5. What measures have been taken to carry out the valuation standard of bill of quantities in our province?
A: (1) Set up a special leading group to publicize the bill of quantities, with the leaders in charge of the provincial construction department as the team leader.
(2) The introduction of supporting valuation tables, guidelines, cost calculation rules and related implementation documents provides a basis for the implementation of bill of quantities valuation in our province.
(3) Actively do a good job in the publicity and training of pricing norms. The province has trained more than 5,700 cost engineers and more than 30,000 cost editors. (4) Fully do the research work before and after the implementation of the list, grasp the implementation of the list, and solve related problems in time.
(5) In order to further promote the pricing reform of bill of quantities in our province, we will intensify publicity and carry out the activities of learning and publicity month to let all parties know the significance of implementing the bill of quantities specification.
6. What is the current international cost-based management model?
A: At present, there are two main cost management modes in the world:
(1) Anglo-American model: the quota is formulated and announced by the government entrusted by industry associations and social intermediary institutions. For example, the Rules for Calculation of Construction Engineering Quantity formulated by the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors, and the engineering news-record published by the American cost consulting company; In addition, local governments in the United States have also formulated some relevant standards and rules for government investment projects, such as hourly labor price, unit price table of labor materials, and construction cost guide issued by California government.
(2) Japanese model: the government uniformly issues quota standards. For example, the Ministry of Construction has formulated and issued such quota standards as Cumulative Benchmark of Construction Projects, Standard Quota of Construction Projects and Calculation Benchmark of Construction Quantity.
It can be seen that in countries with developed market economy, quota is still an important basis for determining project cost, and its management difference is limited to the institutions that formulate and publish it.
7. What is the purpose of implementing bill of quantities valuation?
A: (1) Standardize the construction of market order to meet the needs of socialist development.
(2) Promote orderly competition in the construction market and healthy development of enterprises.
(3) Transforming the management function of our government. In the past, the mandatory quota pricing controlled by the government has been transformed into the bill of quantities pricing method that meets the needs of market economy laws, and the government's macro-control has been effectively strengthened.
(four) to create a market competition environment in line with international practice and cultivate market players.
8. What is the significance of implementing bill of quantities valuation?
A: (1) is conducive to the implementation of the principle of "justice, fairness and openness". Bidding and tendering are conducted by both parties on the basis of unified bill of quantities, so the contracting work is easier to operate and is conducive to preventing corruption in the construction field.
(2) The quotation of bill of quantities can be carried out in the middle of design, which shortens the construction period and brings obvious economic benefits to the owner.
(3) Bidders are required to prepare enterprise quotas, conduct project cost accounting, and improve management level and competitiveness.
(4) The list items are concise and clear, which is beneficial to the project measurement of the supervision engineer, the project settlement of the cost engineer and the settlement progress.
(5) The bill of quantities clearly divides the engineering risks of the owner and the contractor. The owner bears the risk of engineering quantity change and the contractor bears the risk of price fluctuation, which embodies the principle of risk sharing.
9. What are the shortcomings of the original budget quota valuation method?
Answer: (1) The combination of quantity and price makes the price lag behind, which can't reflect the price of construction products on the market in time and effectively.
(2) The comprehensive quota is comprehensive, and there is no division of the consumption and measures of construction entities, which is not conducive to enterprises to give full play to their advantages, actively improve the construction scheme and enhance their competitiveness.
(3) Calculate the engineering quantity according to the drawings, apply the corresponding subheads, charge according to the prescribed rates, and adjust the document policy, so the enterprise has little independent pricing power. Bidding often becomes actual rate bidding. It can not fully reflect the fair competition in the market, and it is difficult to evaluate whether it is lower than the cost price.
10, what is the basic principle of bill of quantities valuation activities?
Answer: The valuation activities of bill of quantities should follow the principles of objectivity, fairness and impartiality.
(1) The compilation of the bill of quantities should be realistic, not fraudulent, and the bidders should be treated equally and fairly.
(2) The bidder shall proceed from the actual situation of the enterprise, and shall not quote below the cost, and shall not collude with the quotation.
(3) The contracting parties shall solve the project problems in an honest and credible way.
1 1, which projects is the bill of quantities valuation applicable to?
Answer: (1) All large and medium-sized construction projects invested by state-owned funds or mainly invested by state-owned enterprises must be priced by bill of quantities; Other construction projects that must be subject to tender according to law shall be priced by bill of quantities.
Construction projects that are not subject to tender according to law can be priced by bill of quantities or pricing table.
(2) Where the bill of quantities valuation method is adopted, no matter whether the source of funds is state-owned funds, foreign funds, loans, aid funds or private funds, the provisions of the valuation norms must be observed.
12. What are the main features of bill of quantities valuation?
Answer: (1) is mainly applicable to the bidding activities of construction projects.
(2) Require the tenderer to provide the bill of quantities and bear the risks of the bill of quantities.
(3) On the premise of meeting the tender documents, the bidder will set the consumption and price of labor, materials and machinery according to the enterprise quota or the consumption quota issued by the construction administrative department, and the market will form the price.
13. What's the difference between the bill of quantities and the original pricing method in the pricing procedure?
Answer: The original pricing method is to calculate the direct cost and material adjustment cost of each subproject according to the budget quota, and calculate the comprehensive indirect cost, fees, other expenses and taxes on the basis of fixed direct cost or labor cost to form the total cost of the project.
According to the principle of "separation of quantity and price", the valuation of bill of quantities separates the substantial consumption of the project from the consumption of construction measures, and consists of partial project fees, measures project fees, other project fees, fees and taxes.
14, the characteristics of the bill of quantities valuation specification?
Answer: (1) Mandatory: The clauses marked in bold in the specification are mandatory and must be strictly implemented. According to the provisions of the valuation standard, all large and medium-sized construction projects invested by state-owned funds or state-owned funds must adopt the bill of quantities valuation method; Other construction projects that must be subject to tender according to law shall be priced by bill of quantities.
(2) Unification: four unifications, that is, unifying project codes, unifying project names, unifying units of measurement, and unifying engineering quantity calculation rules.
(3) Competitiveness: The consumption and unit price of labor, materials and machinery in the bill of quantities shall be quoted by the enterprise according to the enterprise quota and market price information, and with reference to the social average consumption quota issued by the competent construction department.
(4) Practicality: In the valuation specification, the project name is clear and clear, the calculation rules of engineering quantity are concise and clear, and the characteristics and contents of the project are listed, which is convenient for determining the project cost.
(5) Universality: in line with international practice, in line with the requirements of standardization of engineering quantity calculation methods, unification of engineering quantity calculation rules and marketization of project cost determination.
15, what is the consumption quota issued by the construction administrative director? What is enterprise quota? Where is the level difference between the two?
Answer: (1) Consumption quota refers to the average social consumption of labor, materials and machinery required by the construction administrative department to produce a qualified unit engineering product under normal construction conditions according to reasonable construction organization design.
(2) Enterprise quota refers to the consumption of labor, materials and machinery set by the construction enterprise for the use of the enterprise according to the construction technology and management level of the enterprise and combined with relevant project cost information.
(3) Consumption quota reflects the average production management level of the society, and enterprise quota reflects the average production management level within each enterprise.
16, the guiding ideology of the compilation of the bill of quantities valuation specification?
A: (1) The government makes macro-control, enterprises make independent quotations, and market competition forms prices.
(2) The principle of organic combination and difference with the current budget quota.
(3) Considering the current situation of project cost management in China, the principle of integrating with international practices as far as possible.
17. what is the basis and principle for the compilation of the bill of quantities valuation specification?
Answer: The bill of quantities valuation standard is formulated according to the Bidding Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Measures for the Administration of Construction Project Contracting (OrderNo. 107 of the Ministry of Construction), according to the needs of China's project cost management reform, and in line with the principle of national macro-control and market competition to form prices.
18. What is the function of supporting the pricing table after the enterprise implements the bill of quantities pricing and independent quotation?
A: The pricing table in our province is consumption quota, which reflects the average social labor productivity level. It is the reference of bidding quotation and settlement audit, and the basis for compiling pre-tender estimate and handling cost disputes. The subtitle division of the pricing table is closer to the division of the engineering content in the list specification. Therefore, when an enterprise bids, it is required to fill in the quota number in the project content column, and the process quantities in the project content are calculated according to the calculation rules of quantities and the unit of measurement of the valuation table, so that bidders have a unified principle of comprehensive unit price group price, which is the basis for the bid evaluation committee to evaluate whether to win the bid at a low price, and also the basis for the settlement audit work.
19. What is the difference between the project settlement method after the implementation of the bill of quantities and the original quota method?
Answer: The difference between the engineering settlement method based on bill of quantities and the engineering settlement method based on quota pricing is that the comprehensive unit price is generally unchanged, there is no price difference, and there is no need to adjust various rates.
20. What are the requirements for the preparation of pre-tender estimate after the implementation of the bill of quantities?
Answer: According to the Bidding Law, if there is a pre-tender price for a project subject to tender, the pre-tender price shall be referred to when evaluating bids. The reference function of the pre-tender estimate determines that the preparation of the pre-tender estimate should be mandatory, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects: the preparation of the pre-tender estimate should be based on the consideration of a reasonable construction scheme, priced according to the provisions of the pricing specification, pricing table and cost quota, and the material price should be determined according to the market guidance price issued by the municipal cost management department.
2 1, using the bill of quantities to prepare the base price, we must first determine the construction plan step by step. How do tenderers or intermediary consulting agencies work out reasonable construction plans? What are the bases?
Answer: Pre-tender estimate refers to an expected price compiled by the tenderee or the entrusted engineering cost consulting unit on the basis of the bill of quantities, which is the tenderee's expectation of the construction project budget. The pre-tender estimate is not the standard price to determine whether the bid can be won, but only a reference price when evaluating and comparing bids. Therefore, when preparing the pre-tender estimate, the tenderee or intermediary consulting agency must consider the mandatory standards and specifications related to the quality, safety and environmental protection of the project cost according to the specific conditions of the project, and prepare it according to the normal and reasonable construction methods and schemes.
22, which units can prepare the bill of quantities and pre-tender estimate?
Answer: Article 9 of the Management Measures for Construction Contracts and Contract Valuation (No.107) promulgated by People's Republic of China (PRC) * * * and the Ministry of Construction stipulates that "the pre-tender estimate and bill of quantities shall be prepared by the tenderee who has the ability to prepare the tender documents or the qualified engineering cost consulting agency and tendering agency entrusted by him". The "intermediary agency" referred to in Article 3. 1. 1 of the Valuation Specification is consistent with the ministerial order.
23, the requirements of the bill of quantities?
The bill of quantities is the basis of the bidder's quotation, and it is an inseparable part of the bidding documents, which is binding on both the tenderer and the bidder.
(1) shall reflect the project that the tenderer requires the bidder to complete, the corresponding quantities and other work carried out to realize these project contents, and fully reflect the bidding requirements.
(2) The expression of project characteristics should be concise and clear. The quantity provided is accurate and there is no omission.
24, the implementation of bill of quantities valuation, how to determine the contract price?
A: The contract price includes fixed price, adjustable price and cost plus remuneration. Bill of quantities pricing is a pricing method. This is the concept of two categories. According to the bill of quantities, the contract price can be any one of fixed price, adjustable price and cost plus fee.
Fixed unit price contract shall be adopted for the valuation method of bill of quantities.
If the fixed lump sum contract is adopted, after the bill of quantities in the contract is wrong, both parties to the contract shall determine the accuracy of the bill of quantities or clarify the price adjustment method.
For projects with a long construction period, after determining the benchmark price at the time of bidding, both parties shall agree on the adjustment method of the contract price in the special terms and conditions.
25, partial bill of quantities project code how to set up?
A: One to nine digits are national unified codes. When compiling the bill of quantities, it shall be set according to the corresponding codes specified in the appendix of the valuation specification and shall not be changed. In turn, there are two appendix sequence numbers, two professional engineering sequence numbers, two divisional engineering sequence numbers and three sectional engineering sequence numbers. The sequence code with ten to twelve digits for the name of the list item shall be set by the list maker according to the name of the bill of quantities item of the proposed project, and shall be compiled in turn from 00 1.
26, the composition of the bill of quantities valuation specification?
A: There are five chapters in the valuation specification, namely, general rules, terminology, compilation of bill of quantities, bill of quantities valuation, bill of quantities and its valuation format, and five professional appendices.
27, the composition of the bill of quantities format in the tender documents?
Answer: (1) cover, (2) instructions for filling in the form, (3) general instructions, (4) partial bill of quantities, (4) list of measures and projects, (5) list of other projects, (6) list of materials supplied by Party A and (7) list of sporadic work projects.
28, the composition of the bill of quantities valuation format in the tender documents?
Answer: (1) cover, (2) total bid price, (3) total project price table, (4) single project cost summary table, (5) unit project cost summary table, (6) partial bill of quantities valuation table, (7) measures project list valuation table, (8) other project list valuation table and (9) sporadic work project valuation table.
29. What should be included in the general description in the bill of quantities?
Answer: (1) General situation of the project: construction scale, engineering characteristics, planned construction period, actual situation of the construction site, transportation situation, natural and geographical conditions, environmental protection requirements, etc.
(2) Project bidding and subcontracting scope.
(3) Basis for compiling the bill of quantities.
(4) Special requirements of engineering quality, materials and construction.
(5) The name, specification and model of the materials purchased by the tenderer.
(6) Reserve fund.
(7) Other issues that need to be explained.
30. If the contract is unit price contract, can the quantities be recalculated according to the as-built drawings and the actual situation on site?
Answer: (1) According to the contract.
(2) When Party B finds that the actual quantities are different from those provided in the bill of quantities, it shall negotiate with Party A for visa approval at any time, then make changes and make adjustments at the time of settlement.
3 1, the composition of the comprehensive unit price?
Answer: In the bill of quantities, the labor cost, material cost, machinery use fee, management fee and profit required to complete a specified unit project are taken into account, and risk factors are considered.
32. Is the risk in the comprehensive unit price?
A: According to Article 2.0.3 of the pricing specification, risk factors should be considered in the comprehensive unit price.
33, the implementation of bill of quantities quotation, the comprehensive unit price is no longer adjusted within the agreed risk range, but under what circumstances can it be adjusted?
Answer: (1) Changes in design and construction conditions should not be included in the contractor's risk scope, and the price adjustment method should be agreed in the special terms and conditions.
(2) If there is no explicit agreement in the contract, the variation of partial quantities exceeds 15%, and the partial project cost exceeds 1% of the total project cost, the comprehensive unit price can be appropriately adjusted. When the quantities of the partial bill of quantities project change, the quantities of the corresponding templates and scaffolding in the project fee should be adjusted.
(3) New BOQ projects caused by BOQ omissions or design changes shall be proposed by the contractor and confirmed by the Employer as the basis for settlement.
(4) The employer requires the contractor to complete the employment outside the contract. , the contractor put forward the site visa, signed by the employer's site engineer (chief supervision engineer or the employer's representative) before implementation. On-site visa fees are priced on a piecemeal basis.
34. The provisions of the "four unifications" project required in Appendix C are not clear. Can it be supplemented and improved according to the local quota?
Answer: For the items not included in the appendix of the valuation specification, the preparer can make corresponding supplements and report them to the provincial and municipal cost management departments for the record. Where the provisions of the "four unification" project are not clear, the editor-in-chief of the "Valuation Code" shall give a unified explanation.
If the engineering quantity calculation rules are not clear, before the Ministry of Construction has a clear answer, it can be temporarily implemented according to the provisions of the valuation table.
35, the preparation of the bill of quantities, project characteristics should be how to describe?
A: Project characteristics are an important part of describing the listed projects. The tenderee shall describe the characteristics of the project in detail in accordance with the requirements of the valuation specification, and shall not simply point to the construction drawing, so that the bidder can quote and the judges can evaluate the bid.
36. If the work content and characteristics described in the bidder's construction plan are different from those of the tenderee, is it allowed to modify and supplement the project content and characteristics described in the bill of quantities?
Answer: The engineering features described in the bill of quantities provided by the tenderer express the contents of the engineering entity, and have nothing to do with the construction method and scheme. It is up to the bidder to decide which construction method and scheme to adopt to complete the construction of the entity. The content of an entity cannot be modified or supplemented.
37. How to adjust the comprehensive unit price caused by inaccurate description of project features or changes?
Answer: Inaccurate description of project characteristics occurs in the bidding stage, and bidders can put forward it in time before answering questions and bidding; In the settlement stage, the contract shall prevail if there is an agreement in the contract; If there is no agreement in the contract, it shall be implemented according to Article 4.0.9 of the Pricing Specification.
38. The quantities due in the future shall be verified according to the actual conditions. When compiling the bill of quantities, can we use temporary valuation to save the employer's labor input?
Answer: If the project has only preliminary design drawings and no construction drawings, it can be calculated according to the provisional estimate. If there is a construction drawing, the engineering quantity must be calculated, and the increase or decrease can be adjusted due to the increase or decrease of the project during settlement. The bidder shall provide the engineering quantity as accurately as possible. If there is a big error between the engineering quantity provided by the tenderer and the actual engineering quantity, the bidder may lodge a claim or make a strategic quotation.
39, the bill of quantities valuation, whether there is the concept of independent fees?
A: After the implementation of the bill of quantities, there should be no concept of independent fees.
In the original pricing behavior, the employer often subcontracts earthwork, aluminum alloy doors and windows, exterior wall coatings, etc. It is an irregular performance of the construction market to list it separately and list it as an independent fee to avoid charging.
Using the bill of quantities, the enterprise can quote independently, and the employer shall not decompose the project. If the drawings are inaccurate and the prices of materials supplied by Party A are not clear, they can be included in the provisional estimate and the quantities, and should not be listed as expenses separately.
40. What if there is an error in the bill of quantities?
Answer: If there is an error in the engineering quantity found before the bid selection, the bidder shall promptly raise it with the tenderer to correct the wrong engineering quantity. After the calibration, it is found that there is an error in the engineering quantity, and if there are provisions in the contract, it shall be handled according to the provisions of the contract; Otherwise, it shall be implemented according to Article 4.0.9 of the Valuation Specification.
4 1. If the bill of quantities provided by Party A is missing and the total price is required by the tender, does Party B need to supplement the quotation? If not, will Party A think that the cost of the missing item has been included in other projects?
Answer: It should be determined according to the contract scope required by the tender documents.
(1) If the contract scope is only for the bill of quantities provided by Party A, Party A shall be responsible for the omission of the bill of quantities provided by Party A and add it to the corresponding expenses.
(2) If the lump-sum scope refers to the completion of the project, Party B shall put forward the missing items in time and negotiate with Party A to include them in the corresponding expenses.
42. Only the model contract can be listed in the tender documents, and the specific terms will be signed by the owner and the winning bidder after winning the bid?
A: No, the bill of quantities requires matching with the contract, and the pricing method of the contract is clear, so that the bidding decision can be made. If only the model contract is listed in the bidding documents, and the specific terms are signed by the owner and the winning bidder after winning the bid, such bidding documents are imperfect and violate the bidding law, and the risk of bidders is obviously greater than that of the owner, so the special terms in the model contract should be specifically included in the bidding documents. The Ministry of Construction's "Model Bidding Document for Housing Construction and Municipal Infrastructure Project Construction" also requires that specific terms (that is, special terms) be included in the bidding document.
43. In the list of measures, the list of measures provided by the owner is not necessarily the best scheme. What should bidders do?
Answer: According to Article 3.3. 1 of the valuation specification, the tenderer only needs to list the project name when preparing the list of measures, and does not need to provide a specific construction plan. Bidders can quote according to the projects listed by the tenderee and their own construction plans, and the division of cost content and project name of measures shall be implemented according to the cost calculation rules of the valuation table.
44. Are Party A's materials included in the tender offer or other expenses of the tenderee? The materials purchased by Party A are not sure how much they need at the bidding stage. Can they be excluded from the quotation?
Answer: The materials provided by Party A should be included in the tender offer and reflected in the comprehensive unit price. If it is impossible to accurately price in the bidding stage, it should refer to the information guidance price issued by the local cost management department and be included in the provisional valuation.
45. How to set up the project for the premium of materials provided by Party A?
Answer: The mining premium of materials supplied by Party A should be included in the comprehensive unit price. Both parties to the contract must agree in the contract on the way to bear the storage fee for purchasing materials provided by Party A. ..
46. What are the uncompetitive expenses in the expense calculation rules?
Answer: (1) Measures fee for on-site safe and civilized construction.
(2) Engineering quota determination fee
(3) Safety production supervision fee
(4) Construction management fee
(5) Labor insurance premium
(6) Taxation
(7) Other non-competitive expenses approved by the competent department.
47. What's the point of listing the site safety and civilized construction measures as uncompetitive expenses?
A: Strengthen the management of safe production and civilized construction of construction projects and municipal infrastructure projects in our province, ensure personal and property safety, and ensure that on-site safety and civilized measures are put in place.
Our province will implement the cost examination and approval system for safety and civilized construction measures. According to the construction site safety and civilized construction measures, related expenses, civilized construction site evaluation grade and other actual conditions, check scaffolding safety net facilities, three treasures, four mouths and five temporary protection measures, construction machinery safety measures, electrical protection safety lighting facilities, fire safety measures, on-site greening, on-site living sanitation facilities and environmental protection facilities. Construction enterprises shall be assessed according to the approved rate standard, and shall not be included in the cost without approval.
48. What is the general contracting service fee?
? A: According to article 2.0.6 of the pricing standard and article 3.4. 1 of the publicity and guidance materials. The general contracting service fee is the cost required for the contractor to cooperate and coordinate the project subcontracting and material procurement carried out by the tenderer.
49, the bidder in the quotation, whether the total quotation should include other project costs?
A: According to Article 4.0.2 of the Pricing Specification, the total quotation shall include other project expenses. Therefore, when bidding, the bidder should fill in other project fees in the total quotation.
50. How should the increase cost of high-rise buildings be considered in the list quotation?
Answer: The artificial efficiency reduction of high-rise buildings is considered in the comprehensive unit price of partial projects and measures, and the coefficient of artificial efficiency reduction is the same as that of individual decoration projects. The vertical transportation cost in the measure project takes into account the reduction of mechanical efficiency. Amortization of high-pressure water pumps and garbage pipes is included in the measures separately.