Hangzhou Confucius temple
The Confucius Temple in Hangzhou was built at the latest during the reign of Renzong in the Northern Song Dynasty (1023- 1063), at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain. In the first year of Shaoxing (1 13 1), Fu Xue in Lin 'an moved to the west of Xiajialing Bridge on Yunsi River, rebuilt with the old base site of Hui 'an Temple, and was located in the north of Fuzhi, which is the present location. In the 12th year of Shaoxing (1 142), Hangzhou was upgraded to the highest institution of learning in China by the Southern Song Dynasty. According to the academic system, the main building of the school is the Confucius Temple, which is a temple dedicated to Confucius.
The Confucius Temple in Hangzhou was expanded in Jiading for nine years in the Southern Song Dynasty (12 16). With Dacheng Hall as the central axis, thistle gate and Xingxing gate are erected, corridors, halls and pavilions are built, and the scale is magnificent. By the Yuan Dynasty, Hangzhou had been hailed as "the first scene in Southeast China". In the thirty-first year of Guangxu (1905), the old school was abandoned, and the Confucius Temple was only a place to worship Confucius every spring and autumn. After the founding of New China, it was occupied by units and houses. Due to neglect of maintenance, there was only one Dacheng Hall after the Cultural Revolution.
The Confucius Temple in Hangzhou covers an area of 1.32 hectares, with a total construction area of 558 1 m2. Its plane layout and architectural style are based on the traditional pattern, cultural heritage, cultural relics connotation and the characteristics of Jiangnan gardens, and are composed of two interrelated and relatively independent areas, the east and the west.
The west area is the central axis of the Confucius Temple in Hangzhou, which displays the cultural essence of the Confucius Temple in Hangzhou. The central axis takes Dacheng Hall as the core and adopts a balanced, symmetrical and regular plane layout, which highlights the solemn atmosphere of the central axis and the supreme authority of Confucius as a great thinker. Entering from Lingxingmen, * * * enters twice: the first entry is from Lingxingmen to Dachengmen, and the second entry is from Dachengmen to Dachengmen. In this way, the original central axis style of Confucius Temple can be completely preserved, and the whole building is scattered and orderly.
The East District is a typical garden-style courtyard in the south of the Yangtze River, with flowers and birds singing, flowing water gurgling and buildings scattered like pearls. The water pavilion is located in the center of the whole courtyard. Shijing Pavilion, Xingzhan Pavilion, Wenchang Pavilion and other buildings are scattered in the rockery pool, which are organically connected in series by winding corridors. Nearly 500 stone tablets contain profound historical accumulation and rich humanistic connotation, which are displayed in pavilions and pavilions in a patchwork manner and integrated with graceful Jiangnan gardens.
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