In the forty-five years of Wanli, Nurhachi, the great Khan of the late Jin Dynasty, set out to attack Ming and approached Shanhaiguan. In the second year of the Apocalypse (1622), Guangning, the Ming army, was defeated,130,000 troops were wiped out, and more than 40 cities fell, leaving the Ming border in jeopardy. Facing the national disaster, Yuan Chonghuan stepped forward and joined the army.
Four years later, Yuan Chonghuan led an army of 10000 to Ningyuan, and Nurhachi led an army of 13000 to attack. Proud Nurhachi never dreamed that his130,000 troops were defeated by Yuan Chonghuan's100,000 military forces, and he himself was wounded by the red cannon of the Ming army, and he died of depression soon after coming back. Nuerhachi's son Huang Taiji vowed to avenge his father. The result was defeated by Yuan Chonghuan again.
Yuan Chonghuan's losing streak to Nurhachi and Huang Taiji's father and son is well-known. After Chongzhen acceded to the throne, he worshipped Yuan Chonghuan as the minister of war and served as the overseer of Hebei and Liaoning.
In the second year of Chongzhen (1629), the ambitious Huang taiji was not willing to stop outside the customs. He wanted to attack the Ming Dynasty again, but he was afraid that Yuan Chonghuan would be stationed in Liaodong. In desperation, he had to lead a great army to bypass Mongolia and travel long distances to enter the xifengkou Great Wall. When Yuan Chonghuan heard the news, he led 9,000 soldiers to gallop in the starry night and defend Beijing.
The Ming army stationed in xifengkou is vulnerable. Huang taiji drove straight into Beijing. Chongzhen was busy ordering Manchu and other generals to do or die. As a result, the Ming army was defeated by Huang Taiji in the two "Beijing Defence Wars". As Chongzhen and Manchu were at a loss, Yuan Chonghuan led nine thousand fighters outside Beijing.
At the time of the twelfth month of winter, Huang Taiji was personally leading more than 100,000 troops, and he had won two games in a row, and his fighting spirit was high. There are only 9,000 cavalry in Yuan Chonghuan, and they are exhausted after travelling thousands of miles. At that time, although Yuan Chonghuan had a record of repelling Nurhachi130,000 troops with ten thousand horses, Yuan Chonghuan relied on the strength of the Red Yi artillery at that time, and this battle could only be hand-to-hand combat. The strength is so great that anyone with a little brain can judge the result of the battle. But the result is just beyond everyone's expectation. Yuan Chonghuan, a general born of Confucian scholars, dressed in armor, went into battle in person, led 9,000 soldiers to defeat more than 100,000 troops of Huang Taiji, and won a great victory in Guangqumen. Then, Yuan Chonghuan repelled the post-8 Jin Army outside Zuo 'anmen. Huang taiji had to leave Beijing in a hurry.
Guangqumen won a great victory, and a battle of winning more with less was enough to go down in history. However, instead of winning honor for Yuan Chonghuan, this battle brought him bad luck and blame.
The young Chongzhen was played by Huang Taiji.
After 8 jin j retreat, the imperial court banned Yuan Chonghuan's troops from entering the city and did not provide supplies. Soldiers were hungry and cold outside the city, and Yuan Chonghuan forbade his men to plunder the people. There was a tragedy in which a soldier was executed by Yuan Chonghuan because he was hungry, robbed the people and committed a military law. However, the tragedy has just begun. A few days after Guangqumen's victory, Emperor Chongzhen was trapped by Huang Taiji's double spies and thought that Yuan Chonghuan was a spy. He was introduced to the city alone, arrested and imprisoned. On August 16 of the following year, Yuan Chonghuan, 46, was sentenced to death, which was executed that year. Chongzhen ordered Yuan Chonghuan's head to be "spread to Nine Faces". Pathetic!