Dai Zi, whose name is Kevin, is from Geng Yan. People in Liaodong call him Mr. Geng Yan.
Dai Zi, 1635, was born in Renhe, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou). His father, Dai Cang, was once a warlord in the Ming Dynasty. He is good at making ordnance and likes painting. He was a famous painter at that time.
When Dai Zigang was sensible, he often stayed with his father and watched him paint and develop ordnance. Under the influence of his father, he became interested in painting and ordnance. 1 1 years old participated in ordnance manufacturing, and his father collected books on military equipment manufacturing. He studied them around the clock and tried to master the principles. With extraordinary talent, hard study and unremitting efforts, Dai Zi successfully developed a kind of americium (that is, a firearm) when he was young, which could fire from a hundred paces away. In the book Xiao Ting Zalu Dai Shixue, Dai was called "the genius inventor of firearms" since he was a child. Single-handedly went deep into the enemy camp and repeatedly made outstanding achievements.
At the beginning of the twelfth year of Kangxi, Dai Zi joined the army. In November of the 12th year of Kangxi, Wu Sangui, the king of the day guarding Yunnan, launched a rebellion and split the country. Soon, Geng Zhongjing, the king of Jingnan who was guarding Fujian, and Shang Zhixin, the son of Shangkexi, the king of Pingnan who was guarding Guangdong, rose up and responded, which was called "San Francisco Rebellion" in history.
The following year, in June of the 13th year of Kangxi, the court appointed Shu Jie, Prince of Heshuokang, as the appointed general, and led an army to crusade against Geng Zhongjing in Zhejiang. On the recommendation of Prince Kang, Dai Li joined the army. Dai Zi told Prince Kang about the general trend of the world, analyzed the situation of the enemy and ourselves, and said, "San Francisco was not careful, but it could be captured tomorrow ..." Kang Wang was very happy and invited Dai Zi to sit down.
In September of the 15th year of Kangxi, Taizikang led the Qing army to fight in Fujian. More than nine uprising troops led the troops to guard Jiulong Mountain (now southwest of Gutian, Fujian), and the Qing army was blocked. Prince Kang asked the generals to discuss the strategy of attack and defense, but everyone talked for a long time without saying a good way. At this time, Dai Zi stood up and said, "It is impossible to defend, and it is impossible to use troops. If you can persuade Ma Jiuyu to surrender, it is the best policy. " Prince Kang felt reasonable when he heard it. Not only did he immediately adopt Dai Zi's suggestion, but he also decided to send Dai Zi to please him. Dai Zi was ordered to go to the enemy camp. Chen Yi has a glib tongue, so powerful that he persuaded Ma Jiuxiao to lead the troops to defect.
During the siege of Geng Daying, Geng fought to the death and the situation was extremely tragic. In order to avoid more casualties, Dai Zi once again begged to surrender to the enemy camp. When Dai Li came to Geng's camp alone, Geng arranged a sword array and a gun array, just like a python. Dai Zi walked calmly through the sword array without changing color, but he was stunned by the momentum. During the conversation, Dai Zi sometimes expresses her emotions and sometimes confides her feelings. She was very interested in Geng, moved by emotion, and finally persuaded Geng to lead troops to defect.
After Geng defected, his general Han Daren also wanted to defect, but he recruited tens of thousands of soldiers and hid from the sidelines. Taizikang suspected that he was cheating, and Dai Zi analyzed that he had concerns. So Prince Kang sent Dai Zi to visit Han Ying. Dai Zi met Han's adult and said, "I'm dead!" Hearing this, Lord Han was startled and quickly asked, "Who is going to kill me?" Dai Zi said, "It's yourself." Later, Dai Zi said, "Since you want to surrender, but you support your troops in self-defense, how can you be trusted?" This soldier of yours is too fragile to protect you. On the contrary, it makes people suspect that you are up to no good. Isn't this suicide? " Dai Zi's words hit the nail on the head. Han's adult is deeply impressed and asks for an answer. Dai Zi said, "Take off your armor and scatter troops, and you will die alone. Prince Kang will believe your sincerity. This is the only way to turn disaster into happiness. " Dai Zicheng's sincere words finally influenced Han's adult and admitted that he "should sit tight and act according to circumstances". Subsequently, Jia Bing was dispersed, and he belonged to the Qing army alone with Dai Zi "and Ma Yijun Gate". Mother and son guns threaten the enemy's courage.
In the process of pacifying the "San Francisco Rebellion", Dai Li showed outstanding military talents.
After the rebellion, Prince Kang took Dai Zi to the capital to appear before Emperor Kangxi. After listening to the introduction of Dai Zi by the prince, Emperor Kangxi learned that Dai Zi was also proficient in astronomy, calendar, mathematics, music and painting, especially that Dai Zi could also make firearms, so he left Dai Zi in the palace to develop firearms.
In the palace for several years, after hundreds of repeated design, research and experiments, Dai Zi finally developed "Julian Huozi" (commonly known as Bao). According to Ji Yun, a scholar in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, in his book Reading Notes on Tang Wei, the "Julian Firecracker" invented and manufactured by Dai Zi was also a very advanced weapon in the history of firearms development in the world at the end of 17, so it was called "strange weapon". This Julian firecracker looks like a pipa. Gunpowder and lead bullets are stored in the upper part of the spear, and there are two wheels at the ridge of the spear. When the first machine pulls, gunpowder and lead bullets automatically fall into the barrel, and the second machine will act accordingly. Flint will stimulate birds to launch, and so on. After firing 28 rounds in a row, it is necessary to reload gunpowder and lead bullets. This is an early automatic shooting gun, which is more than 200 years earlier than the machine gun invented by Europeans in the19th century.
According to "The Sixteenth History of the Qing Dynasty Literature", Emperor Kangxi was very happy after Dai Zi invented Julian Huozi, so he ordered Dai Zi to develop a mother-child gun, also known as "Tian Chong Gun". After a period of research, Dai Zi quickly developed the mother-child gun. Emperor Kangxi personally led the ministers to test the guns. After the shell was launched, it was fragmented and unstoppable. Emperor Kangxi was overjoyed. He named the mother and son cannon "General Weiyuan" and engraved Dai Zi's name on the cannon. According to another record, when Emperor Kangxi led the army to personally levy Grdan for the second time, he brought his mother and son's guns. In the Battle of Zhao Moduo, the mother and son guns showed great power. Only three shots were fired at Grdan camp, and the enemy was frightened and fled. Be hated and exiled to Shengjing
Dai Zi was rewarded by Emperor Kangxi for his success in making artillery, which made Ferdinand Verbist, a Belgian who worked in the imperial court and also engaged in firearms research, feel very unhappy. So ferdinand verbiest went from jealousy to hatred, colluded with the rebel Chen, played Emperor Kangxi, framed Dai Li's secret association with the East (that is, Japan), and convicted Dai Li. In the early thirty years of Kangxi, his family was exiled to Shengjing.
During Dai Zi's exile in Shengjing, life was extremely difficult. In winter nights, he lay on the cold kang, and in the morning, he went into the mountains to pick hazelnuts to satisfy his hunger through frost. Fortunately, his paintings are still loved by people, so he sells calligraphy and painting for a living.
During his stay in Shengjing, Dai Zi wrote many poems describing the scenic spots in Shengjing, such as Going Early, Boating in Spring, Liuyin in Nanta, Liuyin in Nanta and so on. He sang in the poem "Go Early": "Self-driving people on a cold night means going to work like a fan. Wild fires burn, but frost covers chickens. The cold stove blows the embers and opens the door to the west. " Describing the desolate scene he saw when he served in the office and got up early in the evening, he expressed his sadness.
Falling from a high official to a sinner has also made Dai Zi emotionally closer to the people. During this period, he also wrote many poems expressing the working people, such as "Seeing the Harvest": at the end of the year, he managed his family diligently and invited him to marry Haotian. Chickens peck at the grain and catch up, while coyotes bark and sleep with people. White hair helps the back, and green skirts don't smoke at night. The official grain has been lost. How much is left?
Dai Zi's poems describe the happy scene of farmers after the autumn harvest. However, he changed his style and wrote that farmers had just paid official grain, and the "social drum" urged them to send money, exposing the situation that farmers were exploited layer by layer.
"Three Seas Series" also records a poem "Hunhe Night Crossing" written by Dai Zi for one of the old eight scenic spots in Shenyang. The cloud in the poem: The sunset in the dusk, the wild color moves to autumn high. Birds enter the empty forest, and people come to the ancient crossing. Short hair came from the breeze, and the thin moon was beside the canoe. South of the city 10 miles, the bell swallowed the floor.
Through the description of natural scenery and human activities, this poem outlines the beautiful landscape of Hunhe River. Like a fresh and elegant ink painting, it shows the world the scenery of Hunhe Ferry at dusk. At the same time, I also wrote that the poet came to the ferry, facing the red sun setting, the new moon rising, the silver waves breaking and the canoe rippling. Suddenly, I heard a low bell ringing in Shengjing, which touched his sad mood and expressed his infinite feelings.
Dai Zi lived in exile in Shengjing and Tieling for 35 years. Every day, she looked forward to the emperor's mercy and was pardoned and returned to Beijing. However, 35 years later, I never returned to my hometown. Finally, he was depressed and died at the age of 78. Dai Zi has four sons: Dai Jing, Dants Dai Liang, Dai Heng and Gao Dai, and the third son, Dai Heng, is the most famous. Dai Li, together with Kelly and Chen Jingyuan, was called "Three Old People in Liaodong" and enjoyed a high reputation in Liaoning and Shenyang literary circles.
Dai Zi wrote many poems in Shengjing, but most of them were lost. Today, Geng Yan Hall has four volumes of poems and notes, with more than 350 poems. Why didn't Kangxi kill or wear a son?
Dai Zi was persecuted to death, which was a major injustice in the Qing court more than 280 years ago. The tragedy began in Beijing and finally reached its peak.
According to historians' analysis, the cause of this case is purely Ferdinand ferdinand verbiest's jealousy and framing of Dai Zi. According to historical records, there are at least two things that can make Ferdinand ferdinand verbiest jealous of Daizi. First, before Dai Zi built the cannon, Emperor Kangxi had talked with ferdinand verbiest first, and ferdinand verbiest also boasted, so Emperor Kangxi ordered him to build the cannon. However, a year later, Ferdinand ferdinand verbiest didn't cause it. But Emperor Kangxi ordered Dai Zi to make it, and it took only eight days to make it. Ferdinand ferdinand verbiest lost face in front of Emperor Kangxi, so he was ashamed and angry. Second, when compiling Justice of Lu, ferdinand verbiest and Dai Zi disagreed, and ferdinand verbiest could not argue with Dai Zi. So Ferdinand ferdinand verbiest colluded with the courtiers who had blackmailed Dai Zi but failed to succeed, framed Dai Zi, and led Emperor Kangxi to station Dai Zi.
What needs to be considered is, why did Emperor Kangxi not kill Dai Zi but just sentence him to exile? According to the law, adultery with foreign countries is definitely a capital crime. The author thinks that from the debate between Dai Li and Ferdinand ferdinand verbiest, Dai Li should be a man of integrity. Will not please, lack of minions. Such people are often disliked by the emperor. Moreover, Dai Zi is a wizard, and no one can match him in making firearms. So on the one hand, Kangxi couldn't bear to kill him, on the other hand, he probably thought he would be useful in the future, so he was exiled and "activated" him when necessary.
Just after putting down the "San Francisco Rebellion", recovering Taiwan Province Province and putting down the Junggar Rebellion, the Qing Dynasty ushered in a long period of stability, with no war inside and invincible outside, and firearms inventors like Dai Zi were useless. Suppose that if the Opium War broke out a hundred years earlier, Dai Zi would probably be pardoned by the emperor.
From this point of view, Dai Zi's fate really corresponds to the old saying: birds are exhausted and good bows hide.
Article source: Liaoshen Evening News